The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV: The Mughul Period v4.c20.86

v4.c20.86

Aurangzib, on hearing of the commencement of these hostilities, had ordered the arrest of all Englishmen and the total stoppage of trade with them throughout his empire. But he was compelled to make terms with them, as they were supreme at sea and he was anxious to ensure the safe voyage of Indian pilgrims to Mecca; the loss of his custom revenue was also serious. At last, in 1690, peace was finally concluded between the Mughul government and the English. Ibrāhīm Khān, the new viceroy of Bengal, was a mild and just man, very friendly to the English, and at his invitation Job Charnock, the new Agent, arrived from Madras and settled at what is now called Calcutta (3 September, 1690). This was the foundation of the British power in northern India. The arrangement made by prince Shujā‘ was restored.