The Cambridge History of India, Vol. III: Turks and Afghans v3.c38: Chronology
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. III: Turks and Afghans v3.c38
- Language
- English
Contents
- v3.c38.s1 India — 122 parts
- v3.c38.s2 Burma — 2 parts
- v3.c38.s3 Ceylon — 2 parts
Chronology
India
v3.c38.s1.1
| A.D. | |
| 711 | Invasion of Sind by Muhammad b. Qāsim (p. 2). |
| 712 | Capture of Nīrūn. Defeat and death of Dāhir. Capture of Aror (pp. 3, 5, 6). |
| 713 | Capture of Multān by the Muslims (p. 6). |
| 715 | Death of Muhammad b. Qāsim (pp. 7, 8). |
| 717 | Death of the Caliph Sulaimān and accession of ‘Umar II (p. 8). |
| 724—743 | Hishām Caliph. Junaid governor of Sind (p. 8). |
| 750 | Overthrow of the Umayyads by the ‘Abbāsids. Mūsā governor of Sind (p. 9). |
| 754—775 | Al-Mansūr Caliph. Hishām governor of Sind (p. 9). |
| 813—833 | Al-Ma'mūn Caliph. Rebellion of Bashar, son of Dāūd, in Sind. Mūsā Barmakī governor of Sind (p. 9). |
| 836 | Death of Mūsā and accession of his son ‘Amrān as governor of Sind (p. 9). |
| 871 | Virtual extinction of the authority of the Caliphs in Sind. Arab principalities of Multān and Mansūrah (p. 9). |
| 977 | Sabuktigīn ascends the throne of Ghaznī (p. 11). |
| 988 | Sabuktigīn takes Kābul and other territory from Jaipāl I (p. 12). |
| 993—4 | Foundation of Delhi by the Tomaras (p. 512). |
| 994 | Sabuktigīn acquires the government of Khurāsān (p. 12). |
| 997 | Death of Sabuktigīn and accession of Ismā‘īl (p. 12). |
| 998 | Deposition of Ismā‘īl and accession of Mahmūd (p. 12). |
| 999 | Accession of Ganda Chandel in Dhanga (p. 507). |
| | Mahmūd annexes Sīstān and raids some frontier towns of India. Expulsion of ‘Abd-ul-Malik, the last Sāmānid ruler of Bukhārā (p. 13). |
| 1001 | Mahmūd defeats Jaipāl I at Peshāwar and plunders Ūnd. Death of Jaipāl I and accession of Anandpāl (pp. 13, 14). |
| 1002 | Mahmūd suppresses a rebellion in Sīstān (p. 14). |
| 1004 | Mahmūd defeats Bajra and plunders Uch (p. 14). |
| 1005 | Defeat of Anandpāl and submission of Abu-’l-Fath Dāūd of Multān. Sukhpāl, having accepted Islam, is appointed governor of Ūnd (pp. 14, 15). |
| 1007 | Apostasy and rebellion of Sukhpāl (Nawāsa Shāh). His defeat and capture (p. 15). |
| 1008 | Mahmūd invades India and defeats the army of the Hindu confederacy between Ūnd and Peshāwar. He captures and plunders Nagarkot, or Kāngra (pp. 15, 16). |
| 1009 | Mahmūd reduces the principality of Ghūr to obedience (pp. 16, 17). |
| 1010 | Mahmūd invades India and defeats a Hindu army at Tarāorī (p. 17). |
| 1011 | Mahmūd establishes his authority in Multān (p. 17). |
| 1013 | Mahmūd invades India, defeats Bhīm, and captures Nandana (p. 17). |
| 1014 | Mahmūd invades India and plunders Thānesar (pp. 17, 18). |
| 1015 | Mahmūd invades Kashmīr, but is forced to retire (p. 18). |
| | Accession of Gāngeyadeva Kālachurī in Chedi (p. 510). |
| 1016 | Death of Rājarāja Chola, the Great (p. 468). |
v3.c38.s1.2
| A.D. | |
| 1016–7 | Operations in Khvārazm and in the northern provinces of the empire of Ghaznī (p. 18). |
| 1018–9 | Mahmūd invades India, marches to Baran, Mahāban, Muttra, and Kanauj, captures Manaich, Asni, and Sharva, returns to Ghaznī with his booty, and founds the great mosque of Ghaznī (pp. 18–21). |
| 1021 | Mahmūd invades India, defeats a Hindu confederacy under Ganda of Kālinjar, and returns to Ghaznī (p. 21). |
| | Invasion of Dīr, Swāt, and Bajaur, and of Kashmīr. Flight of Bhīm and annexation of the Punjāb (p. 22). |
| 1022 | Mahmūd invades India, receives the submission of the Kachhwāha *raja* of Gwalior and of Ganda of Kālinjar, and returns to Ghaznī (p. 22). |
| 1023 | Operations in Transoxiana (p. 23). |
| 1024 | Expedition to Somnāth, Mahmūd captures the town and plunders the temple (pp. 23–5). |
| 1026 | Mahmūd returns to Ghaznī (p. 26). |
| | Expedition against the Jāts (p. 26). |
| 1030 | Death of Mahmūd (p. 26). |
| | Mas‘ūd blinds his brother Muhammad and ascends the throne (p. 27). |
| 1034 | Rebellion in the Punjāb crushed by Tilak (p. 30). |
| 1037 | Mas‘ūd invades India and captures Hānsī (p. 31). |
| 1039 | Karnadeva Kālachurī invades the Pāla kingdom of Bihār (p. 510). |
| 1040 | Defeat of Mas‘ūd by the Saljūqs. He retires from Ghaznī towards India. His deposition and death. Restoration of Muhammad (pp. 31–2). |
| | Death of Gangeyadeva and accession of Karnadeva Kālachurī in Chedi (p. 510). |
| 1042 | Deposition and death of Muhammad, and accession of Maudūd (p. 32). |
| 1044 | Accession of Sōmēsvara Āhavamalla, Chālukya (p. 471). |
| 1046 | Invasion of Ghūr (p. 33). |
| 1049 | Death of Maudūd and accession of Mas‘ūd II. Deposition of Mas‘ūd II and accession of ‘Alī (p. 33). |
| 1052 | Deposition of ‘Alī and accession of ‘Abd-ur-Rashīd (p. 33). |
| 1053 | Usurpation and assassination of Tughril. Accession of Farrukhzād (p. 34). |
| 1059 | Death of Farrukhzād and accession of Ibrāhīm (p. 34). |
| 1060 | Karnadeva of Chedi and Bhīm II of Gujarāt crush Bhoj of Mālwa (p. 510). |
| 1069 | Death of Sōmēsvara Āhavamalla, Chālukya (p. 471). |
| 1070 | Accession of Kulottunga, the Chālukya-Chola (p. 469). |
| 1076 | Accession of Vikramāditya VI, Chālukya (p. 469). |
| 1077 | Accession of Rāmapāla in Bihār (p. 511). |
| 1079 | Capture of Ajūdhan and invasion of Gujarāt by Ibrāhīm of Ghaznī (p. 34). |
| 1090 | The Gaharwārs gain possession of Benares and Ajodhya (p. 509). |
| 1094 | Accession of Siddharāja Jayasingha in Gujarāt (p. 517). |
| 1099 | Death of Ibrāhīm and accession of Mas‘ūd III in Ghaznī (p. 35). |
| 1101 | Death of Vinayāditya Hoysala and accession of Ballāla I (p. 474). |
| 1106 | Death of Ballāla I and accession of Vishnu Hoysala (p. 474). |
| 1115 | Death of Mas‘ūd III and accession of Shīrzād in Ghaznī (p. 35). |
v3.c38.s1.3
| A.D. | |
| 1116 | Deposition of Shīrzād and accession of Arsalān Shāh (p. 35). |
| 1118 | Deposition of Arsalān Shāh and accession of Bahrām Shāh (p. 35). |
| | Death of Kulottunga, Chālukya-Chola (p. 469). |
| 1119 | Suppression of the rebellion of Bahlīm in the Punjāb (p. 35). |
| | Vijaya Sena establishes his independence in Bengal (p. 511). |
| 1120 | Death of Rāmapāla in Bihār (p. 511). |
| 1128 | Death of Vikramāditya VI, Chālukya and accession of Sōmēsvara III (pp. 469–78). |
| | The Parihārs oust the Kachhwāhas from Gwalior. The Kachhwāhas establish themselves in Amber (p. 533). |
| 1138 | Death of Sōmēsvara III and accession of Jagadēkamalla, Chālukya (p. 477). |
| 1141 | Accession of Narasimha Hoysala (p. 479). |
| 1143 | Death of Siddhārāja Jayasingha of Gujarāt (p. 517). |
| 1149 | Bahrām of Ghaznī captures Saif-ud-dīn Ghūrī and puts him to death (p. 36). |
| 1150 | Death of Jagadēkamalla and accession of Taila III, Chālukya (p. 478). |
| 1151 | Burning of Ghaznī by ‘Alā-ud-dīn Husain, *Jahānsūz* (p. 36). |
| 1152 | Death of Bahrām Shāh and accession of Khusrav Shāh (p. 37). |
| 1160 | Death of Khusrav Shāh and accession of Khusrav Malik (p. 37). |
| 1173 | Mu‘izz-ud-dīn Muhammad b. Sām appointed governor of Ghaznī by his brother, Ghiyās-ud-dīn (p. 38). |
| | Death of Narasimha Hoysala and accession of Vīra Ballāla II (p. 479). |
| 1175 | Muhammad invades India and captures Multān and Uch (p. 38). |
| | Lakshmana Sena succeeds Vijaya Sena in Nadiya (Nuddea) (p. 511). |
| 1178 | Muhammad invades Gujarāt and is defeated (p. 39). |
| 1181 | Muhammad invades the Punjāb and builds and garrisons Siālkot (pp. 37–9). |
| 1182 | Prithvī Rāj captures Mahoba from Parmāb Chandel (p. 512). |
| 1183 | Restoration of Sōmēsvara IV (p. 478). |
| 1186 | Muhammad again invades the Punjāb and captures and imprisons Khusrav Malik. End of the Yamīnī dynasty (pp. 37–9). |
| 1189 | Death of Sōmēsvara IV, Chālukya (p. 478). |
| 1190 | Vīra Ballāla II defeats Bhillama Yādava (p. 480). |
| 1190–1 | Muhammad captures Bhātinda, but is defeated by Prithvī Rāj at Tarāorī (p. 40). |
| 1192 | Second battle of Tarāorī. Defeat and death of Prithvī Rāj. Occupation of Hānsī, Sāmāna, and Guhrām, and appointment of Qutb-ud-dīn Aibak as governor (pp. 40–1). |
| 1192–3 | Capture of Delhi by Qutb-ud-dīn Aibak, who makes it his capital. Conquest of Bihār by Ikhtiyār-ud-dīn (p. 42). |
| 1194 | Ajmer taken by the Hindus and recovered by Aibak (p. 43). |
| 1195 | Aibak invades Gujarāt and plunders Anhilvāra. He is appointed viceroy of the Muslim dominions in India (pp. 43–4). |
| 1196 | Muhammad invades India, captures Bayāna, and advances to Gwalior (p. 44). |
| 1197 | Aibak is defeated and driven into Ajmer by Raja Bhīm of Gujarāt (p. 44). |
| 1198 | Aibak again invades Gujarāt and plunders Anhilvāra (p. 44). |
v3.c38.s1.4
| A.D. | |
| 1202 | Ikhtiyār-ud-dīn captures Nadiya and establishes himself at Lakhnāwati, or Gaur (p. 46). |
| | Aibak captures Kālinjar (p. 47). |
| 1203 | Death of Ghiyās-ud-dīn and accession of Muʻizz-ud-dīn Muhammad b. Sām as sole ruler (p. 46). |
| 1205 | Defeat of Muhammad by the Turkmāns. His expedition to India (p. 47). |
| | Ikhtiyār-ud-dīn's attempt to invade Tibet (pp. 49–50). |
| 1206 | Death of Ikhtiyār-ud-dīn in Bengal (p. 50). |
| | Death of Muhammad and accession of Qutb-ud-dīn Aibak in India (p. 48). |
| 1208–9 | Aibak occupies Ghaznī, but is expelled by Tāj-ud-dīn Yildiz (p. 50). |
| 1210 | Death of Aibak and accession of Ārām Shāh. Nāsir-ud-dīn Qabācha proclaims his independence in Multān (pp. 50–1). |
| | Birbal Parihār recovers the fortress of Gwalior (p. 533). |
| 1211 | Deposition of Ārām Shāh and accession of Shams-ud-dīn Iltutmish (p. 51). |
| 1212 | Siāhjī Rāthor establishes himself in Mārwār (p. 521). |
| 1215 | Tāj-ud-dīn Yildiz invades the Punjāb (p. 52). |
| 1216 | Yildiz is defeated at Tarāorī by Iltutmish, who puts him to death (p. 52). |
| | Death of Kulottunga Chola and accession of Rājarāja III. Accession of Māravarman Sundara Pāndya (p. 481). |
| 1217 | Iltutmish recovers Lahore and the upper Punjāb from Qabācha (p. 52). |
| 1219 | Accession of Rāwal Chāchakdeo of Jaisalmer (p. 531). |
| 1220 | Death of Vīra Ballāla II and accession of Narasimha II, Hoysala (p. 482). |
| 1221 | Jalāl-ud-dīn Mangbarnī of Khvārazm takes refuge in Lahore, and, being expelled, exacts tribute from Qabācha (pp. 52–3). |
| 1224 | Jalāl-ud-dīn returns to Persia (p. 53). |
| 1225 | Iltutmish receives the submission of Hisām-ud-dīn ʻIwaz of Bengal (p. 53). |
| | Capture of Ranthambhor by Iltutmish (pp. 53, 515). |
| 1226 | Iltutmish captures Mandāwar and invades Qabācha's territory. Capture of Multān and Uch. Qabācha is drowned in the Indus. Iltutmish establishes his authority in Sind (pp. 53–4). |
| 1227 | Nāsir-ud-dīn Mahmūd, son of Iltutmish, crushes the rebellion of ʻIwaz in Bengal, and puts him to death (p. 54). |
| 1228 | Conquest of Assam by the Āhoms (p. 514). |
| 1229 | Nāsir-ud-dīn Mahmūd defeats and slays Raja Britu. Death of Mahmūd (p. 54). |
| 1230–1 | Iltutmish crushes the rebellion of Balkā in Bengal (p. 54). |
| 1231–2 | The Qutb Mīnār founded (p. 55). |
| 1232 | Iltutmish recovers Gwalior from Mangal Bhava Deo, Parihār (pp. 55, 482). |
| 1233 | Death of Narasimha II and accession of Sōmēsvara Hoysala (p. 482). |
| 1234 | Iltutmish invades Mālwa, captures Bhilsa, and sacks Ujjain (p. 55). |
| 1235 | Expedition against the Khokars (p. 56). |
| 1236 | Death of Iltutmish and accession of Rukn-ud-dīn Fīrūz. Deposition and death of Fīrūz and accession of Raziyya (p. 58). |
v3.c38.s1.5
| A.D. | |
| 1237 | Suppression of a revolt of the Ismā'īlis (p. 59). |
| 1239 | Suppression of the rebellion of Ayāz in the Punjāb (p. 60). |
| | Death of Māravarman Sundara Pāndya I (p. 481). |
| 1240 | Deposition of Raziyya and accession of Mu'izz-ud-dīn Bahrām. Death of Raziyya and rebellion of Sunqar (pp. 60–1). |
| 1241 | Death of Sunqar. Capture of Lahore by the Mughuls (pp. 61–3). |
| | Death of Rāwal Chāchakdeo of Jaisalmer and accession of Karan Singh I (p. 531). |
| 1242 | Mutiny of the army; deposition and death of Bahrām, and accession of 'Alā-ud-dīn Mas'ūd (pp. 63–4). |
| 1243 | Death of Bhīm and accession of Vīsaladeva Vāghela in Gujarāt (p. 517). |
| 1244 | Defeat of Tughril in Bengal by the Hindus of Cuttack (p. 65). |
| 1245 | The Mughuls invade India and reach Multān and Uch (p. 65). |
| 1246 | Deposition and death of Mas'ūd and accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn Mahmūd (p. 66). |
| 1247 | Mahmūd recovers the Punjāb from the Khokars (pp. 66, 67). |
| 1247–8 | Balban suppresses a rebellion in the Doāb (p. 67). |
| 1249 | Balban suppresses a rebellion in Mewāt (p. 67). |
| 1251 | Accession of Jatāvarman Sundara Pāndya I (p. 483). |
| 1251–2 | Balban invades Mālwa and defeats the raja of Chanderi and Narwar (p. 68). |
| 1253 | Balban is disgraced (p. 69). |
| 1254 | Expedition into Katehr (p. 69). |
| 1255 | Balban is restored to favour (p. 70). |
| 1256–7 | Suppression of the rebellions of Qutlugh Khān and Kishlū Khān. Invasion of the Punjāb by the Mughuls (pp. 71–2). |
| 1258 | Retreat of the Mughuls (p. 72). |
| 1259 | Suppression of disorder in the Doāb (p. 72). |
| 1260 | Punishment of the Meos (pp. 72–3). |
| 1264 | Death of Sōmēsvara Hoysala (p. 482). |
| 1266 | Death of Mahmūd and accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn Balban (p. 73). |
| 1268 | Accession of Maravarman Kulasēkhara Pāndya (p. 486). |
| 1268–9 | Suppression of disorders in the Punjāb (p. 77). |
| 1270 | Restoration of Lahore and re-establishment of provincial government in the Punjāb (p. 77). |
| 1271 | Death of Karan Singh I of Jaisalmer (p. 531). |
| 1279 | Mughul invasion repelled. Rebellion of Tughril in Bengal (pp. 79, 80). |
| 1280 | Suppression of Tughril's rebellion, Bughrā Khān, Balban's second son, appointed to the government of Bengal (pp. 80–1). |
| 1282 | Abdication of Jaitra Singh and accession of Hamīra in Ranthambhor (p. 516). |
| 1285 | Muhammad Khān, Balban's elder son, slain by the Mughuls (p. 82). |
| 1287 | Death of Balban and accession of Mu'izz-ud-dīn Kaiqubād. Mughul invasion repelled. Massacre of Mughuls and 'New Muslims' (pp. 82–5). |
| 1288 | Meeting between Kaiqubād and his father, Bughrā Khān of Bengal (pp. 85–6). |
| 1290 | Death of Kaiqubād and accession of Jalāl-ud-dīn Fīrūz Khaljī (pp. 87, 91). |
v3.c38.s1.6
| A.D. | |
| 1291–2 | Rebellion of Chhajjū suppressed (pp. 92–3). |
| | Death of Nāsir-ud-dīn Bughrā and accession of Rukn-ud-dīn Kaikāūs in Bengal (p. 261). |
| 1292 | Mughul invasion. ‘Alā-ud-dīn Khaljī invades Mālwa and captures Bhīlsa (p. 95). |
| | Death of Narasimha III and accession of Ballāla III, Hoysala (p. 484). |
| 1294 | ‘Alā-ud-dīn invades the kingdom of Deogīr, in the Deccan (pp. 96–7). |
| 1295 | Dūda Singh Bhati is elected Rāwal of Jaisalmer (p. 532). |
| 1296 | Murder of Fīrūz and accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn Muhammad (p. 98). |
| 1297 | Conquest of Gujarāt (p. 100). |
| 1299 | The Mughuls invade India and are defeated before Delhi (p. 102). |
| 1300 | Siege of Ranthambhor. Rebellion of Ākat Khān suppressed. Rebellion of Hājī Maulā suppressed (pp. 103–4). |
| 1301 | Capture of Ranthambhor by ‘Alā-ud-dīn Khaljī (p. 517). |
| 1302–3 | Capture of Chitor. Failure of an expedition to Warangal. Mughul invasion (pp. 108–9). |
| | Death of Kaikāūs and accession of Shams-ud-dīn Fīrūz Shāh in Bengal (p. 261). |
| 1306 | Mughul invasion repelled by Tughluq (pp. 111–2). |
| 1306–7 | Expedition of Kāfūr (Malik Nāib) to Deogīr (p. 112). |
| | ‘Alā-ud-dīn establishes his authority in Mārwār (p. 114). |
| 1307–8 | Mughul invasion repelled (p. 112). |
| 1308 | Expedition to Warangal. Pratāparudradeva II submits and pays tribute (pp. 114–5). |
| 1310 | Expedition, under Malik Nāib, into the Peninsula. Capture of Dvāravatipura and Madura. Mosque built at Rāmeswaram. Submission of the Pāndya and Kerala kingdoms (p. 116). |
| | Ghiyās-ud-dīn Bahādur assumes sovereignty in Eastern Bengal (p. 261). |
| 1311 | Death of Maravarman Kulasēkhara Pāndya (p. 486). |
| 1315 | Shāh Mirzā enters the service of Sinha Deva of Kashmīr (p. 277). |
| 1316 | Death of ‘Alā-ud-dīn and accession of Shihāb-ud-dīn ‘Umar. Death of Malik Nāib. Deposition of ‘Umar and accession of Qutb-ud-dīn Mubārak (pp. 119–20). |
| 1317 | Mubārak’s expedition to Deogīr. Capture and death of Harpāl (p. 121). |
| 1318–9 | Rebellion of Asad-ud-dīn (p. 121). |
| | Death of Fīrūz and accession of Shihāb-ud-dīn Bughrā in Western Bengal. Bughrā is deposed by Bahādur (p. 261). |
| 1320 | Murder of Mubārak and usurpation of Nāsir-ud-dīn Khusrav. Defeat and death of Khusrav and accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn Tughluq (Ghāzī Malik) (pp. 124–6). |
| 1321 | Expedition to Warangal under Muhammad Jauna (Ulugh Khān). Rebellion of Muhammad (pp. 130–1). |
| 1323 | Second expedition to Warangal under Muhammad. Capture of Pratāparudradeva II. Mughul invasion (pp. 131–2). |
| | Nāsir-ud-dīn ascends the throne in Western Bengal (p. 261). |
| 1324 | Fīrūz Shāh’s expedition to Bengal (pp. 132–3, 261–2). |
| 1325 | Death of Fīrūz and accession of Muhammad (pp. 134–5). |
| | Ghiyās-ud-dīn Bahādur restored in Western Bengal (p. 262). |
v3.c38.s1.7
| A.D. | |
| 1326 | Rebellion of Gurshāsp (p. 140). |
| | Qadr Khān governor of Western Bengal (p. 262). |
| 1327 | Capital transferred from Delhi to Daulatābād (pp. 140–1). |
| 1328 | Rebellion of Kishlū Khān in Multān. Invasion of India by ‘Alā-ud-dīn Tarmāshīrīn the Mughul (pp. 142–3). |
| 1329 | Transportation of the inhabitants of Delhi to Daulatābād. Issue of fictitious currency (pp. 144–6). |
| 1330 | Bahrām acquires the government of Eastern Bengal (p. 262). |
| 1331 | Rebellion of Ghiyās-ud-dīn Bahādur in Bengal (p. 147). |
| 1333 | Punitive expedition in the Doāb (p. 147). |
| 1334 | Rebellion of Sayyid Jalāl-ud-dīn Ahsan in Madura (p. 149). |
| 1335 | Muhammad leaves Delhi for Madura. He retires from Warangal. Rebellion in Lahore suppressed by Khvāja Jahān (pp. 149–52). |
| 1336 | Famine. Foundation of Sargadwāri. Rebellion of Nusrat Khān at Bīdar (pp. 152–4). |
| | Foundation of Vijayanagar (p. 489). |
| 1337–8 | Expedition into the Himālaya. Capture of Nagarkot. Failure of the expedition (p. 155). |
| 1338–9 | Fakhr-ud-dīn Mubārak Shāh proclaims his independence in Bengal (pp. 156, 262). |
| 1339 | Death of Jalāl-ud-dīn Ahsan Shāh and accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn Udaujī Shāh in Madura (p. 149). |
| | Death of Sangama I and accession of Harihara I in Vijayanagar (p. 378). |
| 1339–40 | Rebellion of ‘Alī Shāh Kar in the Deccan (p. 156). |
| 1340 | Rebellion of ‘Ain-ul-Mulk in Oudh (pp. 156–8). |
| | Death of Udaujī Shāh and accession of Qutb-ud-dīn Fīrūz Shāh in Madura. Death of Fīrūz Shāh and accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn Muhammad Dāmaghān Shāh in Madura (p. 149). |
| 1340–1 | Rebellion of Malik Shāhū Lodī in Multān (p. 160). |
| | Accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn ‘Alī Shāh in Bengal (p. 262). |
| 1342 | Ibn Batūtah leaves Delhi on his mission to China (p. 163). |
| | Death of Vīra Ballāla III, Hoysala, at Trichinopoly (p. 488). |
| 1343 | Muhammad’s expedition into the districts of Sunām, Sāmāna, Kaithal, and Guhrām (p. 164). |
| | Accession of Hājī Shams-ud-dīn Iliyās, Bhangara, in Bengal (p. 262). |
| 1344 | Arrival in Delhi of the envoy of the Caliph al-Hākim III (p. 164). Rebellion in Kara (p. 165). |
| | Death of Ghiyās-ud-dīn Dāmaghān Shāh and accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn Dāmaghān Shāh in Madura (p. 150). |
| 1345 | Rebellion of the centurions in Gujarāt. Muhammad leaves Delhi for Gujarāt, and suppresses the rebellion (pp. 166–7). |
| 1346 | Kānhayya Nāik establishes his independence in Warangal. Vīra Ballāla III of Dvāravatipura founds Vijayanagar. Rebellion in Daulatābād: Ismā‘īl Mukh proclaimed king of the Deccan. Muhammad besieges Daulatābād (pp. 168–9). |
| | Shāh Mīrzā ascends the throne of Kashmīr under the title of Shams-ud-dīn (p. 277). |
| 1347 | Rebellion of Taghī in Gujarāt. ‘Alā-ud-dīn Bahman Shāh proclaimed king of the Deccan (pp. 169–70, 372–3). |
| 1348 | Muhammad besieges Girnār in Kāthiāwār (pp. 171–2). |
v3.c38.s1.8
1349 Capture of Girnār (p. 172).
v3.c38.s1.9
Death of Shams-ud-dīn and accession of Jamshīd in Kashmīr (p. 277).
v3.c38.s1.10
1350 Muhammad invades Sind (p. 72).
v3.c38.s1.11
Deposition of Jamshīd and accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn in Kashmīr (p. 277).
v3.c38.s1.12
1351 Death of Muhammad and accession of Fīrūz (pp. 172–3).
v3.c38.s1.13
1353–4 Fīrūz Shāh's first expedition to Bengal (pp. 176, 263).
v3.c38.s1.14
1354 Death of Harihara I and accession of Bukka I in Vijayanagar (p. 378).
v3.c38.s1.15
1356 Foundation of Hissār (p. 176).
v3.c38.s1.16
Death of Nāsir-ud-dīn Dāmaghān Shāh and accession of ‘Ādil Shāh in Madura (p. 150).
v3.c38.s1.17
1357 Death of Iliyās and accession of Sikandar in Bengal (p. 263).
v3.c38.s1.18
1358 Death of Bahman Shāh and accession of Muhammad I Bahmanī in the Deccan (p. 376).
v3.c38.s1.19
1359 Fīrūz Shāh's second expedition to Bengal (pp. 177–8, 263–4).
v3.c38.s1.20
Death of ‘Alā-ud-dīn and accession of Shihāb-ud-dīn in Kashmīr (p. 278).
v3.c38.s1.21
1360 Fīrūz Shāh's expedition to Orissa (pp. 178–9).
v3.c38.s1.22
Death of ‘Ādil Shāh and accession of Fakhr-ud-dīn Mubārak Shāh in Madura (p. 150).
v3.c38.s1.23
Muhammad I, Bahmanī, invades Telingāna (p. 379).
v3.c38.s1.24
1361 Capture of Kāngra, or Nagarkot, by Fīrūz Shāh (p. 179).
v3.c38.s1.25
1362 Fīrūz Shāh's first expedition into Sind (p. 180).
v3.c38.s1.26
Muhammad I, Bahmanī, again invades Telingāna. Rebellion of Bahrām Khān Māzandarānī in Daulatābād (pp. 379–80).
v3.c38.s1.27
1363 Fīrūz Shāh's second expedition into Sind (p. 181).
v3.c38.s1.28
1364 Death of Rānā Hamīr Singh and accession of Khet Singh (p. 526).
v3.c38.s1.29
1365 Muhammad I, Bahmanī, invades Vijayanagar and defeats Bukka I. It is stipulated in the treaty of peace that in future wars non-combatants shall not be molested (pp. 381–3).
v3.c38.s1.30
1366 Suppression of the rebellion of Bahrām Khān Māzandarānī (pp. 382–3).
v3.c38.s1.31
1367 Completion of the great mosque at Gulbarga (p. 383).
v3.c38.s1.32
1372–3 Death of Mubārak Shāh and accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn Sikandar Shāh in Madura (p. 150).
v3.c38.s1.33
1377 Rebellions in Etāwah and Katehr (p. 182).
v3.c38.s1.34
Extinction of the Muslim dynasty of Madura by Bukka I of Vijayanagar (p. 150).
v3.c38.s1.35
Death of Muhammad I and accession of Mujāhid Bahmanī (p. 383).
v3.c38.s1.36
1378 Death of Shihāb-ud-dīn and accession of Qutb-ud-dīn in Kashmīr (p. 278).
v3.c38.s1.37
Assassination of Mujāhid and accession of Dāūd Bahmanī. Assassination of Dāūd and accession of Muhammad II, Bahmanī (p. 384).
v3.c38.s1.38
1380 Suppression of the rebellion in Katehr (p. 183).
v3.c38.s1.39
1382 Independence of Rāja Ahmad, or Malik Rāja, in Khāndesh (p. 294).
v3.c38.s1.40
Death of Rānā Khet Singh and accession of Lakhā Singh (p. 526).
v3.c38.s1.41
1387 Fīrūz permits his son to be proclaimed under the title of Nāsir-ud-dīn Muhammad Shāh (p. 184).
v3.c38.s1.42
1388 Deposition of Muhammad Shāh. Death of Fīrūz and accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn Tughluq II (pp. 184, 189).
v3.c38.s1.43
| A.D. | |
| 1389 | Death of Tughluq II and accession of Abū Bakr (p. 190). |
| 1390 | Expulsion of Abū Bakr and restoration of Muhammad (p. 191). |
| 1391 | Rebellion in Gujarāt. Zafar Khān appointed governor (pp. 191–2). |
| 1392 | Rebellion in Etāwah (p. 192). Dilāvar Khān governor of Mālwa (p. 349). |
| 1393 | Rebellions in Etāwah and Mewāt (p. 192). Malik Sarwar, Khvāja Jahān establishes his independence and founds the kingdom of Jaunpur (p. 251). Death of Sikandar and accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn A'zam Shāh in Bengal (p. 264). |
| 1394 | Death of Muhammad and accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn Sikandar. Death of Sikandar and accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn Mahmūd. Rebellion in the Punjāb suppressed by Sārang Khān. Nusrat Khān proclaimed king under the title of Nāsir-ud-dīn Nusrat Shāh (pp. 192–4). Death of Qutb-ud-dīn and accession of Sikandar in Kashmīr (p. 279). |
| 1395–6 | Rebellion of Sārang Khān in the Punjāb (p. 194). |
| 1396 | Muzaffar I establishes his independence in Gujarāt (p. 295). Rebellion of Bahā-ud-dīn of Sāgar in the Deccan (pp. 385–6). |
| 1397 | Death of Rānā Lakhā Singh and accession of Mokaljī (p. 527). Pīr Muhammad, son of Tīmūr, captures Uch (p. 194). Death of Muhammad II and accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn Bahmanī. Deposition of Ghiyās-ud-dīn and accession of Shams-ud-dīn. Deposition of Shams-ud-dīn and accession of Fīrūz Shāh Bahmanī (pp. 386–7). |
| 1398 | Pīr Muhammad captures Multān (p. 194). Mallū becomes supreme in Delhi (p. 195). Tīmūr Lang crosses the Indus and invades India. He appears before Delhi, defeats Mahmūd and Mallū and plunders and devastates the city (pp. 195–9). Invasion of the Deccan by Harihara II of Vijayanagar and Narsingh of Kherla. Rebellion of the Kolīs in the Deccan crushed by Fīrūz Bahmanī (p. 387). |
| 1399 | Tīmūr’s retreat (pp. 199, 200). Death of Nusrat Shāh. Suppressions of rebellions in Bayāna, Katehr, and Etāwah (p. 201). Death of Malik Sarwar and accession of Ibrāhīm Shāh to the throne of Jaunpur (p. 251). Death of Rāja Ahmad and accession of Nāsīr Khān in Khāndesh (p. 296). Fīrūz Bahmanī defeats Harihara II, invades Vijayanagar, and enslaves large numbers of the Hindu population (pp. 387–9). Defeat of Narsingh of Kherla (pp. 390–1). |
| 1400 | Mallū leads an expedition into Etāwah (p. 201). Fīrūz Bahmanī founds Fīrūzābād, on the Bhīma (p. 391). Har Singh Tomār captures Gwalior from the Muslims (p. 533). |
| 1401 | Mahmūd Shāh returns to Delhi (pp. 201–2). Pact between Muzaffar I of Gujarāt, Dilāvar Khān of Mālwa, Nasīr Khān of Khāndesh, and Harihara II of Vijayanagar against Fīrūz Bahmanī (p. 391). |
| 1402 | Death of Mubārak and accession of Ibrāhīm Shāh in Jaunpur (pp. 202, 251). |
v3.c38.s1.44
Maḥmūd establishes himself in Kanauj. Mallū returns from Kanauj to Delhi (pp. 202, 251).
v3.c38.s1.45
Mallū attempts to recover Gwalior (p. 202).
v3.c38.s1.46
Mallū makes a second unsuccessful attempt to recover Gwalior (p. 202).
v3.c38.s1.47
Rebellion of Tātār Khān in Gujarāt (p. 295).
v3.c38.s1.48
Mallū besieges Etāwah, and Kanauj (p. 202).
v3.c38.s1.49
Usurpation of Ganesh in Bengal (p. 266).
v3.c38.s1.50
Death of Mallū. Maḥmūd Shāh returns to Delhi at the invitation of Daulat Khān Lodī (p. 203).
v3.c38.s1.51
Expeditions to Sāmāna and Kanauj. Ibrāhīm Shāh of Jaunpur captures Kanauj (pp. 203, 252).
v3.c38.s1.52
Death of Dilāvar Khān and accession of Hūshang Shāh in Mālwa (p. 349).
v3.c38.s1.53
Death of Harihara II and accession of Bukka II in Vijayanagar. Fīrūz Bahmanī invades Vijayanagar, enslaves 60,000 Hindus, and compels Bukka to give him a daughter in marriage (pp. 391–3).
v3.c38.s1.54
Ibrāhīm Shāh of Jaunpur captures Sambhal and Baran (p. 203).
v3.c38.s1.55
Muẓaffar of Gujarāt invades Mālwa and captures Hūshang Shāh (pp. 295, 349).
v3.c38.s1.56
Maḥmūd Shāh recovers Baran and Sambhal from Ibrāhīm Shāh and Hissār from Khiẓr Khān (pp. 203–4).
v3.c38.s1.57
Death of Bukka II and accession of Devarāya I in Vijayanagar (p. 394).
v3.c38.s1.58
Death of Chonda Rāṭhor and accession of his son, Ranmall (p. 522).
v3.c38.s1.59
Khiẓr Khān besieges Delhi (p. 204).
v3.c38.s1.60
Khiẓr Khān captures Rohtak (p. 204).
v3.c38.s1.61
Death of A‘zam and accession of Saif-ud-dīn Ḥamza in Bengal (p. 266).
v3.c38.s1.62
Khiẓr Khān captures Nārnaul, besieges Maḥmūd Shāh in Siri, and captures Fīrūzābād (p. 204).
v3.c38.s1.63
Death of Muẓaffar I and accession of Aḥmad I in Gujarāt (p. 296).
v3.c38.s1.64
Death of Ḥamza and accession of Shihāb-ud-dīn Bāyazīd in Bengal (p. 266).
v3.c38.s1.65
Fīrūz Bahmanī invades and ravages Gondwāna (p. 393).
v3.c38.s1.66
Death of Maḥmūd at Kaithal and failure of the house of Tughluq. Daulat Khān Lodī remains in authority at Delhi (p. 204).
v3.c38.s1.67
Death of Devarāya I and accession of Vīra Vijaya in Vijayanagar (p. 394).
v3.c38.s1.68
Khiẓr Khān captures Delhi and ascends the throne (p. 204).
v3.c38.s1.69
Death of Ganesh and accession of Jalāl-ud-dīn Muḥammad Shāh in Bengal (p. 267).
v3.c38.s1.70
Suppression of the rebellion of Malik Tughān in Sirhind (p. 207).
v3.c38.s1.71
Malik Tughān again rebels, but submits (p. 207).
v3.c38.s1.72
Death of Sikandar and accession of ‘Alī Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 280).
v3.c38.s1.73
Fīrūz Bahmanī invades Telingāna (p. 393).
v3.c38.s1.74
Suppression of the rebellion of Har Singh of Katehr. Expedition to Etāwah. Expeditions to Koīl and Sambhal. Khiẓr Khān besieges Badaun (pp. 207–8).
v3.c38.s1.75
Fīrūz Bahmanī invades Vijayanagar, but is defeated and expelled (pp. 393–4).
v3.c38.s1.76
1419 Khizr Khān raises the siege of Badaun (p. 208). Ahmad I of Gujarāt invades Mālwa and defeats Hūshang (pp. 298, 350).
v3.c38.s1.77
1420 Islām Khān Lodī suppresses a rebellion in the Punjāb. Expedition to Koīl and Etāwah, and invasion of Katehr. Suppression of the rebellion of Malik Tughān in Sirhind (pp. 208–9). Death of ‘Alī Shāh and accession of Zain-ul-‘Ābidīn in Kashmīr (p. 281).
v3.c38.s1.78
1421 Expeditions into Mewāt and to Etāwah. Death of Khizr Khān and accession of Mu‘izz-ud-dīn Mubārak Shāh. Rebellion of Jasrat the Khokar (pp. 209–11).
v3.c38.s1.79
1422 Suppression of the rebellion of Jasrat (pp. 211–2). Expedition of Hūshang of Mālwa to Orissa (pp. 298, 350). Ahmad I of Gujarāt invades Mālwa and besieges Māndū (pp. 298, 351). Rebellion of Ahmad Khān Bahmanī. He defeats the royal troops. Deposition of Fīrūz and accession of Ahmad Shāh Bahmanī. Death of Fīrūz (pp. 394–5). Ahmad I of the Deccan besieges Kherla, and is attacked by Hūshang of Mālwa, whom he defeats (pp. 351–2, 396).
v3.c38.s1.80
1423 Invasion of Katehr. Jasrat again rebels. Shaikh ‘Alī of Kābul plunders Multān. Mubārak marches to the relief of Gwalior, which is besieged by Hūshang of Mālwa (p. 212). Ahmad Bahmanī invades Vijayanagar, massacres enormous numbers of Hindus, and compels Vīra Vijaya to pay tribute (pp. 397–8). Famine in the Deccan (p. 398).
v3.c38.s1.81
1424 Mubārak returns to Delhi and invades Katehr. Ahmad Bahmanī invades Telingāna and captures Warangal (p. 399).
v3.c38.s1.82
1425 Suppression of the rebellion of Jalāl Khān and ‘Abd-ul-Qādir in Mewāt (p. 213). Ahmad Bahmanī recovers Māhūr and Kalam in Berar, and halts at Ellichpur (p. 399).
v3.c38.s1.83
1426 Expedition into Mewāt and suppression of the rebellion of Muhammad Khān Auhadī of Bayāna (p. 213).
v3.c38.s1.84
1427 Mubārak returns to Delhi. Muhammad Khān Auhadī escapes and recovers Bayāna. Expedition to Bayāna. Hostilities between Mubārak and Ibrāhīm Shāh of Jaunpur (pp. 213–4).
v3.c38.s1.85
1428 Retreat of Ibrāhīm Shāh of Jaunpur. Expedition to Gwalior. Recovery of Bayāna. Rebellion in Mewāt. Jasrat the Khokar in rebellion (pp. 214–5, 252). Ahmad Bahmanī marches to recover tribute from Kherla, but refrains from attacking Hūshang of Mālwa who is besieging the fortress. He retreats; Hūshang follows, and is attacked and defeated by Ahmad (pp. 399, 400).
v3.c38.s1.86
1429 Expeditions to Gwalior, Athgāth, and Rāprī. Rebellion of Fūlād Khān in Bhātinda (pp. 215–6). War between the Deccan and Gujarāt (pp. 298–9, 400). Ahmad Bahmanī transfers his capital from Gulbarga to Bīdar (p. 400).
v3.c38.s1.87
1430 Siege of Bhātinda (p. 216). Zafar Khān of Gujarāt defeats the army of the Deccan (pp. 299, 400–1).
v3.c38.s1.88
| 1431 | Shaikh ‘Alī of Kābul relieves Fūlād Khān in Bhātinda, and defeats and slays Islām Khān Lodī near Multān. Shaikh ‘Alī captures Talamba. Rebellion of Fūlād Khān (pp. 217–8). |
| | Death of Jalāl-ud-dīn and accession of Shams-ud-dīn Ahmad in Bengal (p. 267). |
| 1432 | Mubārak marches into the Punjab and disperses his enemies. Jasrat again rebels. Rebellion of Jalāl Khān in Mewāt suppressed by Mubārak (p. 218). |
| | Completion of Bīdar, the new capital of the Deccan (p. 402). |
| 1433 | Shaikh ‘Alī captures Lahore. Mubārak recovers the Punjab. Capture of Bhātinda from Fūlād Khān (p. 220). |
| | Hūshang of Mālwa annexes Kālpī (pp. 252, 352). |
| | Assassination of Rānā Mokaljī and accession of Rānā Kūmbha (p. 528). |
| 1434 | Assassination of Mubārak and accession of Muhammad Shāh. Overthrow of the minister, Sarvar-ul-Mulk (pp. 220–1). |
| 1435 | Death of Hūshang Shāh of Mālwa and accession of Ghaznī Khān (p. 352). |
| 1436 | The country of the Khokars devastated (p. 222). |
| | Mahmūd Khaljī usurps the throne of Mālwa (pp. 223, 353). |
| | Death of Ibrāhīm and accession of Mahmūd Shāh in Jaunpur (p. 252). |
| | Death of Ahmad Bahmanī and accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn Ahmad (pp. 402, 405). |
| 1437 | ‘Alā-ud-dīn Ahmad Bahmanī establishes his authority in the Konkan (p. 405). |
| 1438 | Ahmad I of Gujarāt invades Mālwa in the interests of Mas‘ūd Khān Ghūrī (pp. 300, 353–4). |
| | Nasīr Khān of Khāndesh invades Berar, but is defeated by the army of the Deccan (pp. 405–6). |
| 1440 | Mahmūd I of Mālwa marches to Delhi, but is compelled to retire (pp. 223–4, 354–5). |
| | Usurpation of Sahra Langāh (Qutb-ud-dīn) in Multān (p. 503). |
| 1441 | Death of ‘Ādil Khān I and accession of Mubārak Khān in Khāndesh (p. 300). |
| 1442 | Death of Ahmad and accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn Mahmūd in Bengal (p. 267). |
| | Death of Ahmad I and accession of Muhammad I in Gujarāt (p. 300). |
| | Mahmūd I of Gujarāt invades the dominions of Kūmbha, Rānā of Chitor (p. 355). |
| 1443 | Muhammad I of Mālwa retreats from Chitor and is followed by Rānā Kūmbha, but defeats him (p. 355). |
| | Devarāya II of Vijayanagar invades the Deccan, but is expelled (p. 407). |
| 1444 | Death of Muhammad Shāh and accession of ‘Ālam Shāh (p. 225). |
| | War between Mālwa and Jaunpur (pp. 253, 355). |
| | Death of Ranmall and expulsion of the Rāhtors from Mewār. Accession of Jodha Rāhtor (p. 523). |
| 1445 | Mahmūd I of Mālwa marches to Kālpī. Battle between his forces and those of Mahmūd of Jaunpur (pp. 355–6). |
v3.c38.s1.89
| A.D. | |
| 1446 | War between Gujarāt and Rānā Kūmbha (p. 300). |
| | Mahmūd I of Mālwa again invades the dominions of Rānā Kūmbha (p. 356). |
| | Defeat of the Foreigners of the army of the Deccan in the Konkan. Massacre of the Foreigners by the Deccanis at Chākan (pp. 408–9). |
| 1447 | ‘Ālam Shāh decides to make Budaun his residence (p. 225). |
| 1448 | ‘Ālam Shāh retires to Budaun (p. 225). |
| | Chāchakdeo Jādon succeeds as Rāwal of Jaisalmer (p. 533). |
| 1450 | Mahmūd I of Mālwa invades Gujarāt (pp. 301, 356). |
| 1451 | Buhlūl Lodī ascends the throne, which ‘Ālam Shāh resigns to him (pp. 226–7). |
| | Death of Muhammad I and accession of Qutb-ud-dīn in Gujarāt (p. 301). |
| | Qutb-ud-dīn defeats Mahmūd I of Mālwa (pp. 301–2, 356). |
| 1452 | Mahmūd Shāh of Jaunpur attacks Delhi, but is defeated by Buhlūl (pp. 229, 253). |
| 1453 | Defeat of the army of Gujarāt at Nāgaur by Rānā Kūmbha (p. 302). |
| 1454 | Mahmūd I raids the Hāra Rājputs and collects tribute from Dāūd Khān of Bayāna (p. 356). |
| | He invades the Deccan, but is obliged to retire (p. 356). |
| 1455 | Mahmūd I lays waste the country of Rānā Kūmbha, and recovers Ajmer (pp. 356–7). |
| 1456 | Qutb-ud-dīn of Gujarāt invades and ravages the dominions of Rānā Kūmbha (p. 302). |
| | Rebellion of Jalāl Khān and Sikandar Khān in Telingāna. Mahmūd I of Mālwa invades the Deccan but retires (p. 409). |
| | Death of Qutb-ud-dīn and accession of Husain I in Multān (p. 503). |
| 1457 | Death of Mahmūd Shāh of Jaunpur and accession of Muhammad Shāh : Muhammad makes peace with Buhlūl Lodī. Renewal of hostilities (pp. 230–1, 254). |
| | Death of ‘Ādil Khān I and accession of ‘Ādil Khān II in Khāndesh (p. 300). |
| | Qutb-ud-dīn again invades the dominions of the Rānā (p. 302). |
| 1458 | Death of Muhammad Shāh of Jaunpur and accession of Husain Shāh (pp. 231, 255). |
| | Death of Qutb-ud-dīn and accession of Dāūd in Gujarāt. Deposition of Dāūd and enthronement of Mahmūd I, Begarha (p. 303). |
| | Death of ‘Alā-ud-dīn Ahmad and accession of Humāyūn Bahmanī. Suppression of the rebellion of Jalāl Khān and Sikandar Khān (p. 410). |
| 1459 | Jodha Rāhtor founds Jodhpur (p. 523). |
| 1460 | Death of Mahmūd and accession of Rukn-ud-dīn Bārbak Shāh in Bengal (p. 268). |
| 1461 | Death of Humāyūn Bahmanī and accession of Nizām Shāh Bahmanī (p. 412). |
| 1462 | Mahmūd I of Mālwa invades the Deccan, and Mahmūd Begarha of Gujarāt marches to the assistance of Nizām Shāh of the Deccan (pp. 304, 358, 412–3). |
| 1463 | Mahmūd I of Mālwa again invades the Deccan, but is compelled by Mahmūd Begarha of Gujarāt to retire (pp. 305, 358, 413). |
| | Death of Nizām Shāh Bahmanī and accession of Muhammad III in the Deccan (p. 413). |
v3.c38.s1.90
1465 Maḥmūd I of Mālwa besieges Rānā Kūmbha in Kūmbhalgarh (p. 359).
v3.c38.s1.91
1466 Expedition of Ḥusain Shāh of Jaunpur against Mān Singh of Gwalior (p. 255). Treaty of peace between Muḥammad III of the Deccan and Maḥmūd I of Mālwa (p. 359).
v3.c38.s1.92
1467 Muḥammad III of the Deccan unsuccessfully attempts to recover Kherla (pp. 359, 414). Maḥmūd I of Mālwa receives an envoy from Abū Sa'īd the Tīmurid (p. 359).
v3.c38.s1.93
1468 Maḥmūd I of Mālwa raids Kachwāra and captures Karahra (pp. 359–60). Assassination of Rānā Kūmbha and accession of Jaimall (p. 528).
v3.c38.s1.94
1469 Death of Maḥmūd I of Mālwa and accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn (pp. 305, 360). Maḥmūd Gāvān marches into the Konkan to re-establish the authority of Muḥammad III Bahmanī (p. 414).
v3.c38.s1.95
1470 Death of Zain-ul-‘Ābidīn and accession of Ḥaidar Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 284). Maḥmūd Begarha of Gujarāt captures Girnār and compels the Chūdāsama chief to accept Islam (p. 306).
v3.c38.s1.96
1471 Maḥmūd Begarha of Gujarāt invades Sind (p. 306).
v3.c38.s1.97
1472 Bahlūl Lodī marches against Ḥusain Shāh Langāh of Multān (pp. 231, 504). Death of Ḥaidar Shāh and accession of Ḥasan Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 285). Maḥmūd Gāvān returns to Bīdar after having re-established the authority of Muḥammad III Bahmanī in the Konkan. Malik Ḥasan invades Orissa, re-establishes the Raja, and captures Rajamundry for Muḥammad III Bahmanī (pp. 415–6). Belgaum is taken and the Raja, Birkāna, is deposed. Famine in the Deccan (pp. 416–7).
v3.c38.s1.98
1473 Ḥusain Shāh of Jaunpur appears before Delhi, but is defeated by Bahlūl Lodī (pp. 231–2, 256). Maḥmūd Begarha of Gujarāt destroys the temple of Dwārka (p. 307).
v3.c38.s1.99
1474 Ḥusain of Jaunpur again invades the kingdom of Delhi, but is defeated and compelled to retire (pp. 232, 256). Death of Bārbak and accession of Shams-ud-dīn Yūsuf in Bengal (p. 268).
v3.c38.s1.100
1476 Ḥusain of Jaunpur again invades the kingdom of Delhi, but is defeated at Sikhera, and retires to Etāwah (pp. 232, 256). Muḥammad III, Bahmanī, invades Telingāna (p. 417).
v3.c38.s1.101
1478 Death of ‘Ālam Shāh in Badaun (pp. 234, 256). Muḥammad III, Bahmanī, invades Orissa and compels the Raja of Jājpur to submit to him (p. 417). Muḥammad III recovers Rajamundry (p. 417).
v3.c38.s1.102
1479 Ḥusain of Jaunpur again invades the kingdom of Delhi, but is defeated and pursued by Bahlūl, who recovers Etāwah, invades Jaunpur, expels Ḥusain and annexes the kingdom of Jaunpur (pp. 234, 257–8). Muḥammad III, Bahmanī, invades the Carnatic (pp. 418–9).
v3.c38.s1.103
| A.D. | |
| 1480 | Subdivision of the four *tarafs*, or provinces, of the Deccan into eight. Conspiracy against Mahmūd Gāvān (p. 419). |
| | Sangram Shāh, Gond, succeeds in Garha-Katanga (p. 536). |
| 1481 | Death of Yūsuf and accession of Sikandar. Deposition of Sikandar and accession of Jalāl-ud-dīn Fath Shāh in Bengal (p. 268). |
| | Murder of Mahmūd Gāvān in the Deccan (p. 420). |
| 1482 | Death of Muhammad III and accession of Mahmūd Bahmanī (p. 422). |
| 1484 | Mahmūd Begarha of Gujarāt captures Champaner (p. 310). |
| 1486 | Buhlūl places his son, Bārbak, on the throne of Jaunpur (p. 234). |
| | Assassination of Fath Shāh and usurpation of Bārbak, the eunuch, in Bengal. Death of Bārbak and accession of Malik Indīl, Fīrūz Shāh in Bengal (pp. 268–9). |
| | Mān Singh Parihār succeeds as Raja of Gwalior (p. 534). |
| 1488 | Death of Jodha Rāhtor and succession of Surajmall (p. 523). |
| 1489 | Death of Buhlūl and accession of Sikandar Shāh. Death of Fīrūz and accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn Mahmūd in Bengal (p. 270). |
| | Death of Hasan Shāh and accession of Muhammad Shāh. Deposition of Muhammad Shāh and accession of Fath Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 285). |
| 1490 | Murder of Mahmūd and usurpation of Sīdī Badr, Muzaffar Shāh, in Bengal (p. 270). |
| | Ahmad Nizām-ul-Mulk of Ahmadnagar, Yūsuf ‘Ādil Khān of Bījāpur, and Fathullāh ‘Imād-ul-Mulk of Berar declare their independence (pp. 425–6). |
| | Qāsim Barīd becomes lieutenant of the Bahmanī kingdom (p. 427). |
| 1491 | Rebellion of Bahādur Gīlānī in the Konkan (pp. 311, 427). |
| 1493 | Death of Muzaffar and accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn Husain in Bengal (p. 270). |
| | Mahmūd Begarha of Gujarāt complains to Mahmūd Bahmanī of the depredations of Bahādur Gīlānī (p. 427). |
| 1494 | Sikandar Lodī defeats Husain of Jaunpur and pursues him into Bihār (p. 238). |
| | Bahādur Gīlānī is defeated and slain in the Konkan (pp. 311, 427). |
| 1497 | Restoration of Muhammad Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 287). |
| 1498 | Husain Shāh of Bengal invades Assam (pp. 271–2). |
| | Restoration of Fath Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 287). |
| 1499 | Sikandar Lodī marches from Jaunpur to Sambhal (p. 240). |
| | Restoration of Muhammad Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 287). |
| 1500 | Death of Husain, the deposed king of Jaunpur (p. 258). |
| | Abdication of Ghiyās-ud-dīn and accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn in Mālwa (pp. 311, 363). |
| 1501 | Death of ‘Ādil Khān II and accession of Dāūd Khān in Khāndesh (p. 313). |
| 1502 | Death of Husain I and accession of Mahmūd in Multān (p. 504). |
| 1503 | Nāsir-ud-dīn of Mālwa raids the dominions of the Rānā (p. 364). |
| 1504 | Death of Qāsim Barīd at Bīdar, and succession of his son, Amīr ‘Alī Barīd. Death of Fathullāh ‘Imād-ul-Mulk in Berar, and accession of his son ‘Alā-ud-dīn ‘Imād Shāh. Yūsuf ‘Ādil Shāh attempts to establish the Shiah religion in Bījāpur but is expelled from his kingdom by a confederacy (p. 429). |
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1505 Sikandar Lodī captures Mandrāel. Earthquake in Āgra. Campaign in Gwalior. Sikandar Lodī captures Utgīr (pp. 242–3). Yūsuf ‘Ādil Shāh returns to Bījāpur (p. 430).
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1506 The Portuguese established at Cochin (p. 312).
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1507 The Portuguese established on Socotra (p. 312).
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1508 Sikandar Lodī captures Narwar (pp. 243–4). Death of Dāūd and accession of Ghaznī Khān in Khāndesh. Death of Ghaznī Khān and disputed succession until ‘Ālam Khān (‘Ādil Khān III) is installed by Mahmūd Begarha of Gujarāt (pp. 313–4). Death of Rānā Raimall and accession of Sangrama Singh (p. 529).
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1509 Death of Ahmad Nizām Shāh and accession of his son, Burhān Nizām Shāh I in Ahmadnagar (p. 430). Accession of Krishnadevarāya of Vijayanagar (p. 495).
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1510 Death of Yūsuf ‘Ādil Shāh and accession of his son, Ismā‘īl ‘Ādil Shāh, in Bījāpur. Death of Khvāja Jahān at Parenda (p. 430). The Portuguese capture Goa. Ismā‘īl ‘Ādil Shāh recovers it, but is shortly afterwards expelled by the Portuguese (p. 434). Krishnarāya of Vijayanagar invades Bījāpur and annexes the Rāichūr Doāb (p. 435).
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1511 Death of Mahmūd I (Begarha) of Gujarāt, and accession of Muzaffar II (pp. 315–6). Death of Nāsir-ud-dīn and accession of Mahmūd II in Mālwa (pp. 316, 365).
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1512 Dominance of the Rājputs and rebellion of the Muslim nobles in Mālwa (pp. 366–7). Sultān Qulī Qutb-ul-Mulk declares his independence in Telingāna (p. 430).
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1513 Sikandar Lodī sends an expedition into Mālwa (p. 245).
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1514 Mahmūd II returns to Māndū and submits to the dominance of the Rājputs (pp. 367–8). Amīr ‘Alī Barīd, Mahmūd Shāh Bahmanī, Burhān Nizām Shāh I, and Sultān Qulī Qutb Shāh invade Bījāpur, but are defeated by Ismā‘īl ‘Ādil Shāh, who captures Mahmūd Bahmanī, Amīr ‘Alī Barīd recovers possession of Mahmūd (p. 430).
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1516 ‘The Rape of the Virgins.’ Death of Sūrajmall and accession of Ganga Rāhtor in Mārwār (p. 523).
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1517 Death of Sikandar and accession of Ibrāhīm Shāh Lodī. Rebellion of Jalāl Khān (pp. 246–8). Mahmūd II of Mālwa flees from Māndū and seeks the help of Muzaffar II of Gujarāt against the Rājputs (pp. 319, 368).
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1518 Death of Husain Shāh and accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn Nusrat Shāh in Bengal (p. 272). Muzaffar II of Gujarāt captures Māndū, massacres the Rājputs and restores Mahmūd II (pp. 319, 368). Death of Mahmūd and accession of Ahmad Shāh Bahmanī in Bīdar (p. 431). Burhān Nizām Shāh I invades Berar and captures Pāthrī (p. 435). Ibrāhīm Lodī captures Gwalior from Bikramājit Tomār (p. 534).
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1519 Rānā Sangrama Singh defeats and captures Mahmūd II of Mālwa near Gāgraun (pp. 319–20, 368–9).
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| A.D. | |
| 1521 | Muzaffar II of Gujarāt and Mahmūd II of Mālwa invade the dominions of Rānā Sangrama Singh and besiege Mandasor (pp. 320–1). |
| | Death of Ahmad and accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn Shāh Bahmanī (p. 431). |
| | Ismā‘īl ‘Ādil Shāh attempts to recover the Rāichūr Doāb, but is defeated (p. 435). |
| | Shāh Beg Arghūn conquers Sind (p. 501). |
| 1522 | Deposition of ‘Alā-ud-dīn and accession of Walī-Ullāh Shāh Bahmanī (p. 431). |
| 1524 | Bahādur, son of Muzaffar II, leaves Gujarāt and visits Rājasthān, Mewāt, Delhi, and Jaunpur (p. 321). |
| | Alliance between Ismā‘īl ‘Ādil Shāh and Burhān Nizām Shāh I (p. 435). |
| | Death of Shāh Beg Arghūn and accession of his son, Shāh Husain, in Sind (p. 501). |
| 1525 | Deposition of Walī-Ullāh and accession of Kalīmullāh Shāh Bahmanī (p. 431). |
| | Burhān Nizām Shāh I, ‘Alā-ud-dīn ‘Imād Shāh, and Amīr ‘Alī Barīd invade Bījāpur, but are defeated and expelled (p. 435). |
| 1526 | Battle of Pānīpat. Defeat and death of Ibrāhīm Lodī. Zahīr-ud-dīn Muhammad Bābur ascends the throne of Delhi (p. 250). |
| | Deposition of Muhammad Shāh and accession of Ibrāhīm I in Kashmīr (p. 287). |
| | Death of Muzaffar II in Gujarāt, and accession of Sikandar. Assassination of Sikandar and accession of Bahādur (pp. 322–4). |
| | Mahmūd II of Mālwa harbours the fugitive prince, Chānd Khān of Gujarāt (p. 369). |
| 1527 | Death of Ibrāhīm I and enthronement of Nāzuk Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 287). |
| | Flight of Kalīmullāh Shāh Bahmanī to Bījāpur, and, later, to Ahmadnagar. Accession of Amīr ‘Alī Barīd Shāh in Bīdar (pp. 431–2). |
| | Burhān Nizām Shāh I and ‘Alī Barīd Shāh invade Berar and expel ‘Alā-ud-dīn ‘Imād Shāh, who appeals for help to Bahādur of Gujarāt (p. 436). |
| 1528 | The Portuguese reach Bengal (p. 273). |
| | Bahādur of Gujarāt invades the Deccan (pp. 324–5, 436). |
| | Mīrzā Shāh Husain Arghūn captures Multān (p. 505). |
| 1529 | Deposition of Nāzuk Shāh and restoration of Muhammad in Kashmīr (p. 287). |
| | Bahādur of Gujarāt retires from the Deccan (pp. 325, 436). |
| 1530 | [Death of Bābur and accession of Humāyūn.] |
| | The Portuguese capture Damān (p. 325). |
| | Ismā‘īl ‘Ādil Shāh captures Amīr ‘Alī Barīd and recovers the Rāichūr Doāb (pp. 436–7). |
| | Death of Krishnadevarāya and accession of Achyuta in Vijayanagar (p. 498). |
| 1531 | Failure of a Portuguese attempt to capture Diū (p. 325). |
| | Bahādur of Gujarāt, assisted by Muhammad of Khāndesh, captures Māndū and annexes the kingdom of Mālwa (pp. 326–7). |
| | Burhān Nizām Shāh I and Amīr ‘Alī Barīd Shāh invade Bījāpur, but are defeated and expelled by Asad Khān Lārī (p. 438). |
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| A.D. | |
| 1532 | Operations against the Rājputs in Mālwa (p. 328). |
| 1533 | Assassination of Nusrat Shāh and accession of 'Alā-ud-dīn Fīrūz Shāh in Bengal (p. 273). |
| | Invasion of Kashmīr by Sultān Sa'īd Khān of Kāshghar and Mīrzā Haidar (p. 287). |
| | Bahādur of Gujarāt captures Chitor (p. 329). |
| 1534 | Death of Muhammad Shāh and accession of Shams-ud-dīn II in Kashmīr (p. 288). |
| | Death of Ismā'īl and accession of Mallū 'Ādil Shāh (pp. 438–9). |
| | Accession of Rānā Udai Singh (p. 531). |
| 1535 | Humāyūn captures Māndū and invades Gujarāt (pp. 331–3). |
| | Deposition of Mallū and accession of Ibrāhīm 'Ādil Shāh I. The Sunnī religion is established in Bījāpur (p. 439). |
| 1536 | Humāyūn is compelled to retire from Gujarāt (p. 333). |
| | Qādir Khān assumes the royal title in Mālwa (p. 369). |
| | Asad Khān Lārī invades Vijayanagar, but is defeated (p. 440). |
| 1537 | Bahādur of Gujarāt is drowned at Diū. Accession of Muhammad II (of Khāndesh). Death of Muhammad II and accession of Mahmūd III (pp. 334–5). |
| | Burhān Nizām Shāh I establishes the Shiah religion in Ahmadnagar (p. 440). |
| 1538 | Sher Khān occupies Gaur and assumes the royal title in Bengal. Humāyūn occupies Gaur (pp. 274–5). |
| | The Ottoman fleet and the army of Gujarāt unsuccessfully besiege the Portuguese in Diū (pp. 336–7). |
| 1539 | Humāyūn retires from Bengal and Sher Khān recovers the sovereignty (p. 275). |
| | [Sher Shāh ascends the throne of Delhi.] |
| 1540 | Khizr Khān assumes sovereignty in Bengal, but is overthrown and imprisoned by Sher Khān (pp. 275–6). |
| | Death of Shams-ud-dīn and restoration of Nāzuk Shāh in Kashmīr. |
| | Conquest of Kashmīr by Mīrzā Haidar (p. 288). |
| | Khengār is established as Rāo of Cutch, and Rāwal as Jām of Nawanagar (pp. 518–9). |
| 1542 | Sher Shāh invades Mālwa, receives the submission of Qādir Shāh, and appoints Hājī Khān governor of Mālwa. Hājī Khān is recalled and Shujā'at Khān is appointed governor of Mālwa (p. 370). |
| | Death of Amīr 'Alī Barīd and accession of 'Alī Barīd Shāh in Bīdar (p. 440). |
| 1543 | Assassination of Sultān Qulī and accession of Jamshīd Qutb Shāh in Golconda (pp. 440–1). |
| | Jamshīd, Burhān Nizām Shāh, 'Alī Barīd Shāh, and a Hindu army invade Bījāpur, but are expelled (p. 441). |
| 1544 | Burhān Nizām Shāh I invades Bījāpur, but is defeated and expelled (p. 441). |
| 1545 | Death of Sher Shāh and accession of Islām Shāh in Delhi. Failure of a conspiracy to depose Ibrāhīm 'Ādil Shāh I and place his brother, 'Abdullāh, on the throne (p. 441). |
| 1546 | Rout of the army of Gujarāt before Diū (p. 340). |
| | Death of Asad Khān Lārī (p. 442). |
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| A.D. | |
| 1547 | The Portuguese burn Broach and massacre the inhabitants (p. 341). |
| | Alliance between Burhān Nizām Shāh I and Sadāshivaraya of Vijayanagar. War between Ahmadnagar and Bījāpur (p. 442). |
| 1550 | Death of Jamshid Qutb Shāh and accession of Subhān Qulī Qutb Shāh in Golconda. Deposition of Subhān Qulī and accession of Ibrāhīm Qutb Shāh (p. 443). |
| 1551 | Defeat and death of Mīrzā Haidar and restoration of Nāzuk Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 289). |
| 1552 | [Death of Islām Shāh and accession of Muhammad 'Ādil Shāh in Delhi.] |
| | Deposition of Nāzuk Shāh and enthronement of Ibrāhīm II in Kashmīr (p. 289). |
| | Sadāshivaraya of Vijayanagar with the help of Burhān Nizām Shāh I recovers the Rāīchur Doāb. Death of Burhān Nizām Shāh I and accession of Husain Nizām Shāh I in Ahmadnagar (p. 442). |
| 1553 | [Accession of Ibrāhīm Shāh in Delhi.] |
| 1554 | [Accession of Sikandar Shāh in Delhi.] |
| | Death of Mahmūd III and accession of Ahmad II in Gujarāt (pp. 342–3). |
| | War between Bījāpur and Ahmadnagar (p. 443). |
| 1555 | [Humāyūn recovers the throne of Delhi.] |
| | Deposition of Ibrāhīm II and accession of Ismā'īl in Kashmīr (p. 289). |
| | Death of Shujā'at Khān and accession of Bāz Bahādur in Mālwa (p. 371). |
| | Rebellion of Saif 'Ain-ul-Mulk in Bījāpur (pp. 443–4). |
| 1556 | [Death of Humāyūn and accession of Akbar.] |
| | Muhammad 'Īsā Tarkhān becomes ruler of Sind (p. 502). |
| 1557 | Death of Ismā'īl and accession of Habīb Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 289). |
| 1558 | Death of Ibrāhīm 'Ādil Shāh I and accession of 'Alī 'Ādil Shāh I. |
| | Re-establishment of the Shiah religion in Bījāpur. 'Alī allies himself with Vijayanagar, and is attacked by Husain Nizām Shāh I and Ibrāhīm Qutb Shāh, of whom he rids his state. Husain Nizām Shāh I attacks Chaul, but makes peace with the Portuguese (pp. 444–5). |
| 1559–60 | Aliyarāma Rāya of Vijayanagar, 'Alī 'Ādil Shāh I and Ibrāhīm Qutb Shāh invade Ahmadnagar. Humiliation of the Muslims (pp. 445–6). |
| 1561 | Deposition of Habīb and usurpation of Ghāzī Khān Chakk in Kashmīr (p. 290). |
| | Akbar annexes Mālwa (p. 371). |
| | Death of Daryā 'Imād Shāh and accession of Burhān 'Imād Shāh (p. 446). |
| 1562 | Assassination of Ahmad II and accession of Muzaffar III in Gujarāt (pp. 344–5). |
| | 'Alī 'Ādil Shāh I and Aliyarāma Rāya defeat Husain Nizām Shāh I and Ibrāhīm Qutb Shāh (pp. 446–7). |
| 1563 | Aliyarāma Rāya and 'Alī 'Ādil Shāh invade Ahmadnagar, but retire during the rainy season (p. 447). |
| 1563–4 | Abdication of Ghāzī Khān and accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn Husain Shāh in Kashmīr (p. 290). |
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