Ancient Indian Colonies in the Far East (Vol. I: Champa; Vol. II: Suvarnadvipa) v2.c13.402

v2.c13.402

Lévi has also pointed out² that besides Karmaraṅga, the Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa twice mentions also the name of Carmaraṅga (p. 206, 233), and he considers it only a variant of the same name. Now the Bṛhat-Saṃhitā, in its catalogue of the peoples of the south-east, combines Vṛṣa-Nālikera-Carmadvīpa. These three names may be compared to Vāruṣaka-Nāḍikera and Karmaraṅga (or Carmaraṅga) of the Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa referred to above. Vṛṣa is possibly the same as Vāruṣaka (Baros, Sumatra), and Carmadvīpa may be presumed to be the same as Carmaraṅga=Karmaraṅga=Kāma-laṅkā=modern Ligor.