History of the Qaraunah Turks in India c3.28

c3.28

Ma'bar was a province of the empire of Dihli with its headquarters at Madura. In 1327 A.D. Muhammad Tughluq had asserted his authority over the province and had completely subjugated it. While the Sultan was coping with famine in Hindustan and was engaged in punishing the refractory people of the Doab near Kanauj and Dalmau, news came that Sayyid Jalal-al-Din Ahsan Shah of Kaithal,¹ the governor of Ma'bar, had revolted and proclaimed himself as independent king and struck coins in his name. This occurred in 1334-35 A.D. Barani is wrong in placing this rebellion after the revolt of the revolt of Fakhr-al-Din Mubarak in Bengal, which occurred in 737 A.H. (1337-38 A.D.).² The author of the Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi assigns 741 A.H. as the date of this rebellion,³ and curiously enough Badaoni who faithfully reproduces its account of Muhammad Tughluq's reign alters it to 742 A.H.⁴ Notwithstanding the fact that Barani writes Sayyid Ahsan, father of Ibrahim, Kharitadar and Yahya writes Sayyid Hasan Kaithali, Badaoni muddles up the whole thing and confounds the rebellious governor with Hasan Kangu, the founder of the Bahmani dynasty He writes: "In the year 742 A.H. (1341 A.D.) Sayyid Hasan forces against him, and the rebellious governor was defeated and killed sometime in 731 A.H. (1330-31 A.D.),³⁸ and his corpse was exposed along the route to Dihli and paraded through the provinces of the empire to serve as a warning to other like-minded persons. Thus ended ingloriously the rule of the Balbani kings in Bengal.