The Dynastic History of Northern India (Early Mediaeval Period) v1.c16.53.3

v1.c16.53.3

These are in brief as follows: verse 80 of the Radhanpur grant of the Rāṣṭrakūṭa Govinda III (*Śaka* 730 = 808 A.D.) tells us that Dhora (Dhruva) drove into the trackless forest Vatsarāja 'who boasted of having with ease appropriated the fortune of Gauḍa,' and 'took away from him, not merely the two Gauḍa umbrellas of state but also his fame.'¹ As the Wani grant of the same king (*Śaka* 730 = 807 A.D.), which contains the same verses as the Radhanpur grant, does not contain verse 15 of the latter, which refers to defeat of the 'Gurjara' by Govinda,—a victory so decisive that the Gurjara king's whereabouts were not known to any—it is possible that the final defeat of the Gurjara may have occurred between the two dates of the grants (807-808 A.D.).² The identity of this Gurjara king is probably revealed by the Sanjan grant of Amoghavarṣa (*Śaka* 793 = 871 A.D.), which, besides referring to the victory of (Dhruva) Dhārāvarṣa over the Gauḍa king, tells us that Govinda III defeated in battle Nāgabhaṭa, and as the former advanced to the springs of the Himalayas "those (kings) Dharma and Cakrāyudha surrendered of themselves."³ Line 12 of the Baroda grant of Karka II (*Śaka* 734 = 812-13 A.D.) seems to refer to a conflict of Dhruva and the Gauḍa king between the Ganges and the Jumna.⁴ Verse 9 of the Sagartal (Gwalior) inscription of Bhoja tells us that his grandfather Nāgabhaṭa (*c.* 815-33 A.D.)⁵ defeated 'Cakrāyudha whose lowly demeanour was manifest from his dependence on others,'⁶ while the next verse of the same inscription refers to the defeat of the lord of Vaṅga (*Vaṅgapati*) at the hands of the Gurjara king.