Political History of Ancient India, from the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of the Gupta Dynasty c9.s7.32

c9.s7.32

The **Kingdom of Kosala,** as we have seen, was bounded on the west by the Gumti, on the south by the Sarpikā or Syandikā (Sai) river,¹ on the east by the Sadānīrā which separated it from Videha, and on north by the Nepāl hills. It included the territory of the Kālāmas of Kesaputta,² possibly on the Gumti, and that of the Śākyas of Kapilavastu in the Nepalese Tarai. In the *Sutta Nipāta*³ the Buddha says, "Just beside Himavanta there lives a people endowed with the power of wealth, the inhabitants of *Kosala*.⁴ They are *Ādichchas*⁵ by family, Sākiyas by birth; from that family I have wandered out, not longing for sensual pleasures." The *Majjhima Nikāya*,⁶ too, mentions the Buddha as a Kosalan :