Social and Political Life in the Vijayanagara Empire (A.D. 1346 – A.D. 1646) v1.c10.s3.24

v1.c10.s3.24

In A.D. 1189 they had huḍuke-deṛe (partisanship tax ?), bīra-vaṇa, herjjuṅka koḍavisa, handara haṇa.⁴ We are told in about A.D. 1206 that "for house-tax at Gommaṭa-pura . . . . residents shall pay eight haṇas (once for all) as the capital on which one haṇa can be raised (as interest) and live in peace".⁵ We meet with two names aḷipu and anyāya in A.D. 1251.⁶ In A.D. 1296 they had khāṇa, abhyāgati, kaṭakasēse, basadi, and manakshata.⁷ It seems that there were some kinds of fines which were called tappu and tavudi in 1297.⁸ Hoḍike, hadike, haraṇe and mala-braya were the dues in A.D. 1300. They were called āya.⁹ Those who bought and sold horses in some villages in the Nigirili-Sōḷa-maṇḍalam, in the kingdom of the Hoysalas, in A.D. 1334, had to pay one paṇam for each animal.¹⁰ By A.D. 1334, therefore, the Hindus of the south had already violated one of the principles mentioned in the mediaeval Hindu treatise on polity, viz., that which prohibited traffic in wool and in animals with two rows of teeth (horses, mules, etc). Such traffic was supposed to be common only among peoples of western and north-western India.¹¹