The Colas c23.97

c23.97

1. Accession dates from 28 Feb.—30 Mar., A.D. 1163, Kielhorn, *EI.* ix, p. 211. But see note C. *ante.*
2. 558 of 1904 (Yr. 2); 43 of 1922 (Yr. 3).
3. 262 of 1902.
4. 172 of 1908 (Yr. 6); 540 of 1904 (Yr. 10).
5. Only two inscriptions of Vikramacōḻa from Śivapuri (Rd.)—47 and 55 of 1929; none of Kulōttunga II and Rājarāja II; one of Rājādhirāja II from Tirukkaḷākkuḍi (Rd.)—43 of 1916.
6. *CV.* ch. 76, v. 76—ch. 77. v. 103.
7. 336 of 1928, a record of the Kongu-cōḻa ruler Kulōttunga, furnishes striking epigraphical confirmation of this fact mentioned in the *CV.* It also gives some clue to dynastic and political relations in S. India in this period.
8. *CV.* Ch. 77, v. 85. Geiger (n. 3) doubts the accuracy of this description apparently because he understands Madhurā in v. 83 to mean the city. I think it is the kingdom that is meant. Kīḻenilaya is on the n. border of the old Pāṇḍyan kingdom in the present Ramnad Dt., and the fight which raged over four *gāvutās* might have extended from this village to the sea. We shall see that the Cōḻa inscriptions confirm this view.
9. Cf. Geiger *CV.* ii, p. 100, n. 1.
10. 20 of 1899 *SII.* vi. no. 456, *ARE.* 1899—paras 23-38.
11. 433 of 1924.
12. 465 of 1905.
13. 261 of 1925 is another similar gift of land and contains a fragmentary copy of the same account of the war and is useful in filling some of the gaps.
14. Ūratturai is Kayts on an island to the W. of Jaffna. Mātōṭṭam is Mahātittha, Mantota. Vallikāmam is called Valikagāma in the *CV.* (ch. 83, v. 17) and is about 5 miles S.E. of Mannār. Maṭṭivāl is perhaps the same as Mattuvil, 10 miles east of Jaffna. Venkatasubba Aiyar, *EI.* xxi. p. 187, nn.
15. This prince had once (c. 1154) been taken prisoner by Parākramabāhu and forced to march in front of his triumphal procession. *CV.* ch. 72, vv. 291, 299. Ceylon was rent by a protracted civil strife before P. succeeded in uniting the whole of the island under his sway. *CV.* Ch. 70—2.
16. The expression employed is: *Īḻattānuḍan sambandam paṇṇavum*, and this may mean a matrimonial alliance.
17. ‘People of Ēḻagam,’ perhaps identical with Ēḍagam in the Madura taluq. *SII.* iii, p. 212, n. 1. The phrases *marappaḍai* and *Ēḻagappaḍai* may, however, imply two sections of the Pāṇḍyan forces; if that be so, Ēḻagattār here must also be a reference to the troops, which shows that some among them had gone over to the enemy, while the rest remained loyal to the suzerain power.