The Colas c31.11

c31.11

and bears regnal years ranging from 34 to 36. From their association these coins are easily attributed to Rājakēsarī Rājādhirāja I who was recognised as heir apparent by his father Rājēndra I in 1018 and who continued to rule jointly with his father till about 1044 and then for ten years more in his own right till he fell on the battle-field of Koppam. It will be recalled that Rājarāja I Cāḷukya had a troubled reign and had to appeal for Cōḷa aid on many occasions against the aggressions of the Western Cāḷukyas and Vijayāditya VII. Rājādhirāja must have taken the title *malai-nāḍu-koṇḍa* by virtue of the wars he waged for his father in Kēraḷa, and the title must have been chosen for being put on his coins to distinguish them from Rājēndra's issue. It is not known if these coins which closely follow the fabric of Eastern Cāḷukya coins were minted for circulation in the Vēṅgī country only or went into more general use.