A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar c14.74

c14.74

The Chola administrative machinery was an elaborate and complicated bureaucracy comprising officials of various grades. The officials tended to form a separate class in society, organized in two ranks, an upper *perundanam* and a lower *śirudanam*. Offices tended to become hereditary and there was no clear distinction between civil and military employment. We know little of the