The Early History of India, from 600 B.C. to the Muhammadan Conquest, including the Invasion of Alexander the Great c12.16

c12.16

¹ A list of very speculative identifications of tribes and places will be found in Bellew's *Ethnography of Afghanistan*, pp. 64–76 (Woking, 1891). The guesses of Cunningham and other writers are equally unsatisfactory. I do not agree with Pincott that Alexander went as far north as Chitrāl (*J. R. A. S.*, 1894, p. 681); but at present it is not possible to determine the point at which he turned eastwards, and crossed the mountains into Bājaur̥. It is, however, certain that he used one of the regular passes, which necessarily remain unchanged, and by which alone Bājaur̥ territory can be entered. Raverty describes, from native information, two routes from Kābul to Bājaur̥; and it may well be that Alexander followed the 'left-hand', or eastern one, which goes through a village named Kūz Danāhi, where two roads diverge, of which one leads to Chitrāl, and the other to the Shahr, or capital of Bājaur̥ (*Notes*, pp. 112–18).