History of Kanauj to the Moslem Conquest c8.s6.11

c8.s6.11

It is again assumed that Kanauj is mentioned twice, firstly under the name of Kanagora; and secondly, under that of Kanogiza, in the *Geography* of Klaudios Ptolemy, who wrote his great work sometime about 140 A. D.¹ Kanagora is placed in longitude 135°, latitude 30°40', and is enumerated as one of the seven towns belonging to the Prasiake (Prācya), or the East. Among other cities mentioned are Sambhalaka, Adisdara, and Sāgala, which perhaps represent respectively Sambhal in Rohilkhand, Ahicchatra (Adikoṭa) identified with Ramnagar in the Bareilly district,² and Sākala, the modern Sialkot in the Punjab according to Smith.³ Saint Martin, however, believes that it stands for Sakula or Saghela, mentioned in the Ceylonese chronicles among the royal cities of Northern India, and which in the opinion of Turnour is the same as Kuśinagara, so well-known in Buddhist traditions.⁴ As observed by Dr. Vincent Smith, "it would be natural to find Kanauj in this company, and it is possible that Kanagora may be intended for that city".⁵ But from the form of the name it would seem more reasonable to identify it with Karṇapura or Kanakapura, i.e., modern Cawnpore, a trading centre not far from Kanauj.