History of Mediaeval Hindu India (being a History of India from 600 to 1200 A.D.) v1.c13.s1.4

v1.c13.s1.4

Besides the ministers there were other important officers called superintendents or अध्यक्ष namely, the superintendent of शुल्क or customs, of कोष्ठागार or storehouses, of दुर्ग or fort and so on. They did not enjoy the rank of अमात्य or minister but yet were important officers. We have already described the district officers but these Adhyakshas seem to be officers of the whole state and as such may be ranked next to the ministers. These may not have been hereditary though the tendency has always been in India to make offices hereditary. The grant of Pravarasena of the Vākātakas Corp. Ins. III page 237 mentions these officers in the line यतोस्मत्सन्तव्यका सर्वाध्यक्षधियोगनियुक्ताःआज्ञासं-चारिकुलपुत्रका भटाश्च छात्राश्च विश्वत्य पूर्वाज्ञाज्ञापितव्याः (Translated as follows by Dr. Fleet "our obedient and highborn officers employed in the office of general superintendents.")