History of Mediaeval Hindu India (being a History of India from 600 to 1200 A.D.) v3.c41.3

v3.c41.3

Al-Beruni shows that caste had developed in ancient times among the Persians, not to speak of the Greeks and Romans. "The ancient Chosroes had created great institutions of this kind (caste) which could not be broken through by the special merits of any individual nor by bribery. When Ardashir restored the Persian empire, he also restored the classes or castes in the following manner:—