The Ancient Geography of India. I. The Buddhist Period, including the Campaigns of Alexander, and the Travels of Hwen-Thsang c6.s3.t5.7

c6.s3.t5.7

From *Srughna* the Chinese pilgrim proceeded to *Mo-ti-pu-lo*, or *Madipura*, which M. Vivien de St. Martin has identified with *Mandâwar*, a large town in Western Rohilkhand, near Bijnor. I had previously made the same identification myself, and I have since been able to confirm it by a personal examination of the site.* The name of the town is written मडावर Maḍâwar, the Mundore of the maps. According to Johari Lâl, Chaodri and Kanungo of the place, Maḍâwar was a deserted site in Samvat 1171, or A.D. 1114, when his ancestor Dwârka Dâs, an Agarwâla Baniya, accompanied by Katâr Mall, came from Morâri in the Mirat district, and occupied the old mound. The present town of Maḍâwar contains 7000 inhabitants, and is rather more than three-quarters of a mile in length by half a mile in breadth. But the old mound, which represents the former town, is not more than half a mile square. It has an average height of 10 feet above the rest of the town, and it abounds with large bricks, which are a sure sign of antiquity. In the middle of the mound there is a ruined fort 300 feet square, with an elevation of 6 or 7 feet above the rest of the city. To the north-east, distant about one mile from the fort there is a large village on another mound called Madiya; and between the two there is a large tank called Kúnda Tál, surrounded by numerous small mounds which are said to be the remains of buildings. Originally these two places would appear to have formed one large town, about 1 1/4 mile in length, by a mile in breadth or just 3 1/2 miles in circuit, which agrees very well with Hwen Thsang's measurement of 20 li, or 3 1/3 miles.