Tribes in Ancient India c13.17

c13.17

Commenting on *Śālvāvayava* in the śloka ‘*Śālvāvayava pratyagrathakalakūtāśmakādiñ*’ (4, 1, 173), the *Kāśika* on Pāṇini’s *Aṣṭādhyāyī* names Udumbara, Tilakhala, Madrakāra, Yugandhara, Bhuliṅga, and Saradatta as the six *avayavas* or parts of the Śālvajanapada. Bhuliṅga here is probably the same as ‘Bolingai’ of Ptolemy.⁴ In the śloka ‘*na prācya Bhargādi Yaudheyādibhyaḥ*’ (4, 1, 178), the *Kāśika* includes the Karūṣas, Kaśmīras, and Śālvas. The *Kāśika* on another sūtra (4, 2, 76) refers to a city of the Śālvas named Vaidhumāgni, built by Vidhumāgni; and elsewhere the *Kāśika* includes the Śālvas among the Kacchādi-gaṇa, along with the Kaśmīras (4, 2, 133; 4, 1, 169).