Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts v1.c7.s7.t13.37

v1.c7.s7.t13.37

The characteristic feature of Nyaya faction in logical deduction is its syllogistic method of “pañca-avayava-vākya”. This faction believes that the correct syllogism should be composed of five parts, namely: pratijñā (proposition), hetu (cause), udāharana (case or illustration, divided in two kinds: sādharmya and vaidharmya), upanaya (application) and nigamana (conclusion). Specific application cases were recorded in “Nyaya Sutra” and its annotations. Examples of pañca-avayava-vākya containing sādharmya: