Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts v2.c11.s1.t3.23

v2.c11.s1.t3.23

(1) The musical tone is called *Swara* in India and basic tones have seven levels that are *Shadaja*, *Rishabha*, *Gandhara*, *Madhyama*, *Panchama*, *Dhaivata* and *Nishada*. The names of seven *Swara* are not the same as the western musical alphabets C, D, E, F, G, A and B or syllable names *Do*, *Re*, *Mi*, *Fa*, *So*, *La* and *Si*, and also not the same as Chinese ancient 12 melodies that are based on the musical names, namely, *Huangzhong*, *Dalv*, *Taicu*, *Jiazhong*, *Guxi*, *Zhonglv*, *Ruibin*, *Linzhong*, *Yize*, *Nanlv*, *Wuyi* and *Yingzhong* as well as the *Gongche*