Cosmography and Geography in Early Indian Literature c7.s2.131

c7.s2.131

The inclusion of the Nāsikya suggests that Aparānta was not confined to the coastal region, while the identification of Kolavana and Tālīkaṭa, indicated above, would point to the extention of Aparānta towards the south. It may be remembered in this connection that the *Periplus* and Ptolemy's *Geography* appear to place Araiake (Aparāntaka) immediately to the north of Kerala (kingdom of the Kerobothra in the country of Damirike) while Kālidāsa's *Raghuvamśa* seems to mention the Muralā river as the boundary between Kerala and Aparānta.⁸ In a narrow sense, Aparānta indicated the Northern Konkan, but, in a wider sense, Konkan or Western India.