Cosmography and Geography in Early Indian Literature c9: Index
Cosmography and Geography in Early Indian Literature c9
- Language
- English
Contents
- c9.2 — 4 parts
Index
c9.1
Abastanoi, v. l. Sabastanoi, same as Ambaṣṭha, people 76n Abdhinagarī, same as Dvārakā, city 105 Abhāpurī, locality 155 Abhāṣika, Mleccha people 100 Abhaya, land or people in the eastern region 64 Abhimura, mistake for Abhisāra 98n Ābhīra, people of the western region 67n, 73, 89, 93, 94n, 95n, 108, 112 ; see Abiria 130 Ābhīra-deśa, same as Śrīkaṇṭha-Kurukṣetrādi-bhūmi, country 107 Abhisāra, people of the northern region, lived in the Punch-Naoshera area of Kashmir 64, 76, 97 and n, 98n ; see Abisares 76n Abioi Skythai, Śaka clan 149 Abiria, same as Ābhīra, country 112, 130 Abisares, king of Abhisāra in the Punch and Naoshera regions 76n Abour, town 136 Abragana, town 150 Abu, mountain ; same as Arbuda 81, 103 Abul Fazl, author of the 'Ain-i-Akbarī 48,55 Accha, same as Ṛkṣa or mistake for Matsya 57, 98 Acchapuri, chief city of Varaṇa 99 Aceluka, people 97n Achaemenian empire 59 ; inscriptions 51 Aḍali, territory 153 Adamas, river 124, 127 Ādarima, city 135 Ādarśa, people of Adarśa or Adarśana 97n Adarśana, same as Vinaśana or Kurukṣetra, locality 16, 69
c9.2.1
Addisthān, same as Adhiṣṭhāna or Śrīnagara, city 158-59 Adeisaga, locality 141 Adeisathra, town 132 Adeisathroi, people of the region of the Sahyādri mountain 133 Adeisathron, same as the Sahyādri range or Western Ghāṭs 125, 127, 133 Adhama-Kairāta, people 96 Adhiśrotra, people 92n Adhiṣṭhāna, same as Addisthān, city 158-59 Adhra, v. l. Sādhra, people 89 Adisdara, town, probably Ahicchatra in the Bareilly District 129 Aditi, goddess 11 and n Adittahaur, locality 158 Adraistai, people 76n Adrapana, town 130 Adris, v. l. Rouadis, same as Irāvatī or Rāvī, river 125, 128 Aegidii, island people probably of Goa 116 Afghan, people, 159 Afghanistan, country 33, 59, 74 ; Northern 73, 114 ; Southern 74 Africa, continent 120n ; Northern 59 ; North-Eastern 51 Agalassoi, people living between the Jhelam and the Chenab 75, 76n Aganagora, town 139-40 Agara, town 132 agate, akik, product 120n Agathou, island 142 Agimoitha, locality 142 Aginnatai, people 142 Agnidhra, king of the Jambu-dvipa 48-49 ; people 96 (Agnijya), 97n Agnihotragṛha, same as Prājāpatya or Prayāga 107 Agnījya, mistake for Agnidhra 96 Agnimāla, sea 51 ; Arabian coast near Aden or portion of the Somali coast according to some 61 Agni Purāṇa 53n Agrinagara, city 131 Agriophagoi; see Poulindai 132 aguru, product 103 Ahicchatra, capital of Pañcāla or North Pañcāla 36n, 71, 99 ; across the Gaṅgā 152 ; see Adisdara 129 ;
c9.2.2
same as Pratyagratha 104 Ahindravara, continent and ocean 58 Ahopāp, river 84 Ahreng, territory 153 Āhuka, people 76 ; same as Khāṇḍavaprastha 106 Aihole inscription of Pulakeśin II 79-80 Aikakaccha, Ekakaccha, people 94n Aikanetra, Ekanetra, people 96n Aikapāda, Ekapāda, people 92n Ailika, people 93 Ainabhalla, Enabhalla, people 98n Aindra, constellation 95 *Ain-i-Akbarī* 53n, 77 Aioi, people 123, 135 Airāka (Iraq), country 109 Airāvata, diggaja of the east 43n Airāvata, Indra’s elephant 46 Airāvata, park 44 Airāvata, territory, sometimes identified with Uttara-Kuru 53, 56 Airāvata-varṣa, same as Uttara-Kuru 57 Airrhadoi (Kirāta), people 137 Aisika, people 79 *Aitareya Āraṇyaka* 79 *Aitareya Brāhmaṇa*, 15, 20, 29 ; on the distance between the earth and the sky 10 ; on the earth girdled by ocean 13 ;
c9.2.3
on the five geographical divisions 15 Aja, people 25, 27 Ajanābha, name sometimes applied to the Bhārata-varṣa 53 Aja-patha, locality 68 ajina, product 103 Ajina, island continent and ocean 58 Ajinavara, island continent and ocean 58 Ajinavarāvabhāsa, island continent and ocean 58 Ajmer, locality 102 Ajodaha (Ayodhyā), locality 155 Akadra, locality 138 Akaṇin, people 93 Ākara, territory identified with East Malwa 82, 94n, 163 Akhasa land 149 akīk, nānā-varṇa-prastara, product 120n Akinakai, people 144 Akni (’O-ki-ni), Agni, territory 151n Akour, city 136 Akṣaya, locality in the eastern region, probably the Akṣaya-vaṭa 62 Alakamandā, capital of Uttara-Kuru 42 Alakanda, Indian form of Alexandria 74-75 Alana, mountain 147-48 Alanoi Skythai, Śaka clan 147 Alanorsoi, people 147-48 Alasanda, Indian form of *Alexandria* 74-75 ; city or land 67n, 68 Al-Bīrūnī, Muslim savant 47-48, 55, 70, 74, 77, 91, 94, 96, 98, 154 ; on the location of the Puṣkara-dvīpa 50 Al-Daibal, port near Karachi 159 Aleppey, locality 117 Alexander of Epirus 60 ; of Macedon 112 Alexandreia Eskhate, town 146 Alexandreia Oxeiane, town 146 Alexandria, port in Egypt 60, 121n Alikhorda, town 144 Alina, people 25 Alishang-Kunar-Bajaur valley 76n Alīspur (Ellichpur), town 157 A-li-ya-t’i-sha (Ārya-deśa), Chinese name of India 34n Allahābād, city 72, 86;
c9.2.4
District 152 Allahābād pillar inscription 164 Allosygne, mart 124 Almansūra (Baṅmanābād), locality 157 Aloe, town 135 Alor, city 77n Alosango, locality 141 Alūka, people 96 Alwakwak, island 160 Alwar, territory 156 Alwar-Bharatpur-Jaipur region 27 Amakatis, city 129 Amala, territory 100-01 Amareis, people 144 Amarakoṣa, lexicon 18, 43n Amara-parvata, mountain in the western region 65 Amarāvatī, locality 153 Amarkantak range 81, 85 Ambala, locality 74, 96, 154 Ambāla, probably the same as Ambala 96 Ambara, probably the same as Ambala 97n Ambaṣṭha, people 92n; of the western region 65; see Abastanoi 76n Ambaṣṭhya, king of the Ambaṣṭha 29 Ambhā, river of the Kuśa-dvīpa 49 Amdhala, territory 100 Aminakhai, people 140 Amṛtā, river of the Plakṣa-dvīpa 49 Amśumatī, river 24 Amu Darya, same as the Oxos (Oxus), river 143 Amuṣṭha, mistake for Ambaṣṭha 92 Anagha, people of the eastern region 64 Anahilapura-pattana, same as Anhilvara 157
c9.3
Anakṣa, people 100 Ānanda or Nanda, people 97 Ānanda, ruler of a part of the Plakṣa-dvīpa 48 Ānandapura, locality 153 Ānandavana, same as Vārāṇasī 107 Ananta, mountain 108 A-nan-t’o-pu-lo (Ānandapura), territory 153 Anar, locality 158 Anara, v. l. Anarta, town 132 Anarea, mountain 147-48 Anareoi Skythai, Śaka clan 148 Anarta, v.l. Anara, town 132 Ānarta, people and country 81, 94, 95n; of the northern region 64; of the western region (Dvārakā region) 103 Ānartaka, same as Ānarta 94n, 95n Ānartapurī, same as Dvārakā 81 Anavadyaka, people 97 Āñcikeya, mountain 50 Andarab, territory 153 Andhaka, people, a branch of the Yādava clan 73 Andhakāraka, ruler of a part of the Krauñca-dvīpa 48; mountain in the Krauñca-dvīpa 49 Andhra, people and country of the southern region 29, 55, 62, 64, 80, 93n, 94n, 100, 106, 108, 153; probably the same as the Kākatīyas 71 Andhra country 162 Andhrāpatha, territory 80 Andhra Pradesh 79-80, 87-88 Andhra-viṣaya, territory 107 Anegundi, identified with Kihkind (Kiṣkindhā) 160 Aṅga, people and country in the eastern region 29-30, 35n, 36n, 62, 77, 89, 93n, 98-99, 103-04, 105n, 107-08 Aṅga-dvīpa, same as Angodiya, island 66 Aṅgalaukika, people 75
c9.4
Angalepa, people of the western region 63 Angalokavara, people of the western region, Central Asiatic people 67n, 75, 89 Anganeka, locality 68 Angataka, people 95 Āṅgeya, people 77 Anhilvara, Anahilapurapattana, city in Gujarat 157 Anibhadra, people 75 Anieseis, people 145 Anikhai, people 129 Anina, v.l. Anthina, locality 141 Aninakha, town 130 Aninakhai, people 140 Anitabhâ, river 24 añjan, product 120n Añjana, diggaja of the western quarter 43n Añjana, mountain on the face or head of the Tortoise, i.e. in the eastern region 92 and n Añjana, mountain to the west of the Śitoda lake 46 Añjanavara, island continent and ocean 58 Añjasī, river 24 Annadāraka, people 97 Anniboi, people 150 Annila, mountain 149 Antahśilā, river 87 Antakhara, city 132 An-ta-lo-fa (Andarab), territory 153 Antar-dvīpa, land on the left flank of the Tortoise, i.e. in the northern region 96 Antardvipin, people of the Antar-dvīpa 97n Antargiri, hill in the northern region 64, 77 Antarvedi, territory between the Gaṅgā and Yamunā 108 Anthina, v.l. Anina, locality 141 Antibole, mouth of the Ganges 125, 127 Antigonas Gonatas, king of Macedonia 59 antimony, añjan, product 120n Antiochus II Theos, king of Syria and Western Asia 59
c9.5
An-t’o-lo (Andhra), country 153 Antoninus Pius, Roman emperor 121n Anu, people 25 Anūpa, people and country 82 Anutaptā, river in the Pakṣa-dvīpa 44n, 49 Anuttapta, lake 44 and n, 49 Anuviddha, v.l. Anuviśva, people 98n Anuviśva, v.l. Anuviddha, people 98n Anyataḥplakṣa, lake 16, 32 Aornos, fortress 76n Aorsoi, people 148 Apalola, v.l. Paṭola, people 98n Apara-gandhika, same as Ketumāla 105n Apara-Godāna, same as Apara-Goyāna, called Ketumāla in the Purāṇas 39-40, 42 Aparājita, name of the southern gate of the Jambu-dvīpa 47 Apara-Mālava, same as Avanti, country 107 Apara-Matsya, land in the southern region 64 Aparānta, same as Pāścātya or Paścād-deśa, lying to the west of the Madhya-deśa, people and country (North Konkan) 69, 73, 80, 95, 106-107 Aparāntaka, same as Aparānta, people 95n, 112 ; see Ariake 122 Apara-Seka, land in the southern region 64 Apara-Videha, division of the Videha-varṣa 57 Aparita, people 73 Āpayā, river 18, 27 Apokopa, same as the Aravalli range 125 Apollodotus, Indo-Greek king 114 Apsūr, locality 156 Āra, same as Ārava or Āraba, people 108 Arab, people 75 ; same as Mleccha 98 Āraba, same as Arab, people 98, 100 Arabia, country of the Arabs 116 Arabian Sea 20, 33, 163 Arabian wine 115 Arachosia, Arakhosia, the Kandahar region, country 126
c9.6
Arachosii, people of the Kandahar region 114 Arakan, territory 138; coast 137 Arakhosia, Arachosia, same as the Kandahar region 121 Āraṭṭa, same as Arattii, people 19, 106, 114 Arattii, same as the Āraṭṭa people of the Punjab 114 Ārava, same as Arab, people 95n, 108 Aravali (Aravalī) range 82, 151; see Apokopa 125 Arbita, mountain 126 Arbuda, mountain, people and country, same as Mt. Abu 81, 102-03, 108 Arbuka, people located in the southern region 64 Ardhahāra, island continent and ocean 58 Ardhahāravara, island continent and ocean 58 Ardhahāravarābhāsa, island continent and ocean 58 Ardhajāhnavī, same as Kāverī, river 104 Ardīn (Ujjayinī), city 156 Ardone, city 129 Ārdrā, constellation 92n Aresabion, v. l. Arisabion, locality 141 Areia (Aria), Greek name of the Herat region 143 Arembour, town 135 Argaric Gulf 117 Argaritic, name of a kind of muslin 118 Argaru, same as Uragapura, Uraiyūr, town 118 Argeirou, same as Uragapura, town 123 Argyra or Silver country, Arakan according to some 138 Argyre, capital of Iabadios or Yavadvipa 143 Ariaca (Ariaka), territory 112 Ariakai, people 148
c9.7
Ariake, same as Aparāntaka or the Northern Konkan country, 81, 134; of the Sadenoi (Śātavāhana) 112 Ariake of the Pirates, same as the Southern Konkan, country 122, 132 Arimeda, people 91 and n Arimoda, mistake for Arimeda 91n Arisabion, v. l. Aresabion, locality 141 Arispara, town 129 Aristobathra, town 130 Ārjika, according to Sāyaṇa, a country; according to Pischel, a people connected with the Kuru and Krivi; ‘magicians’ according to Hillebrandt 28 Ārjikiyā, river, same as the Beas according to some 23 Arjuna, his digvijaya in the northern region 63 Ārjunāyana, people 97n Arjunī, same as the river called Bāhudā, Saitavāhinī, etc. 104, 106 Arkatos, territory around Sora (Śavara) 132 Arkhibara, v. l. Arkhinara, locality 141 Arkhinara, v. l. Arkhibara, locality 141 Arku-tīrtha, locality 155 Armagara, locality 122 Aror, locality 157 Arosa, probably the same as Aurasa or pepole of Urasā or Hazara 100 Arouaia, pepole 133 Arouraian, mountain 134 Arouraioi, people 133 Arouarnoi same as Aruvā-nāḍu or the Kanchipuram region 124, 136 Arsa, same as Urasā or the Hazara region 128 Ārṣabha, island 105n Arsakes, king of Urasā 76n Artamis, river 143-44 Artoarta, town 130
c9.8
Āruhaka, people 96n Aruṇa, a class of people of the Śālmalidvīpa 49 Aruṇa, island continent and ocean 58 Aruṇābhāsa, island continent and ocean 58 Aruṇavara, island continent and ocean 58 Aruṇavarāvabhāsa, island continent and ocean 58 Aruṇoda, lake 45 Aruvā-nāḍu, see Arouarnoi 124, 136 Āryabhaṭa, astronomer 47 Āryaka, people 49 Aryamṇa, constellation 94n Aryan, Ārya, people 98 Āryāvarta, area dominated by Aryan culture 19, 91n, 102 ; defined in the Baudhāyana D. S. 17 ; between the Gaṅgā and Yamunā according to some 16 ; sometimes called Uttarāpatha 69 ; its Tantric conception 16n, 109 Āṣāḍha, same as Malaya, mountatin 104 Asaira, town 159 Asanabara, locality 141 Asaṅga, antara-dvīpa 105n Āśāvatī creeper 44 Asawil, locality 160 Āsi, locality 156 Asia, continent, 146 ; Central 33, 35, 37, 40, 59-60 ; South-Eastern 63 Asigramma, town 130 Asija, people 96n Asīkni, same as the Chenab, river 22, 83 Asinda, town 131 Asiotai, people 148 Askatangka,people 146 Askatangkai Skythai, Śaka clan 148 Askatangkas, mountain 146, 148 Aśleṣā, constellation 92, 93n Aśmaka, people and territory 36n, 80, 96 and n, 103 ; wrongly called Aśvattha 91 Asmanoi, people 148
c9.9
Aśmanvatī, river 24 Asmiraia, mountain 149 Asmiraia, city 150 Aśoka, Maurya emperor 33, 41, 59, 73 ; his inscriptions 20, 34, 161 Aspabota, town 147 Aspakaia, city 150 Aspakara, city 150 Aspakarai, people 150 Aspasian, people 76n Aspathis, town 133 Aspisia, mountain 147 Aspisioi Skythai, Śaka clan 148 Assakenos (Aśvaka), king of the people of the Swat-Buner region 76n Assam, state 77,84, 108 Asta, also called Astamaya, mythical mountain 106 Aṣṭādhyāyī, Pāṇini’s grammar 34 Asta-giri, the mythical Sun-set mountain 50, 95 and n Astakana, town 144 Astakapra, same as Hastakavapra, modern Hathab 131 Astamaya, same as Asta, the mythical Sunset mountain 106 Asthagoura, city 133 Astrassos, city 129 Āśuga, people located in the northern region 64 Asura, demons 39 ; their land beyond the sea in the east 62 Asura-bhavana 40, 44 Aśvakarṇa, mountain around the Meru 39 Aśvakeśa, people 95 Aśvamedha, people located in the eastern region 64 Aśvamedha, sacrifice 20 Aśvamukha, people 90, 96, 97n, 101, 152 living in the eastern region 67n Aśva-nadī, Aśvaratha-nadī, modern Kunti, river 72, 85 Aśvarathā, river running by the Khāṇḍava forest 32 Aśvattha, people 91n, 92n Aśvavadana, people 92n Aśvinī, constellation 97 Atala, one of the seven Pātālas 50 Aṭali, territory 153 Āṭavika, people located in the southern region 64 Aṭavipurī, town in the southern region 65 Āṭavya, people 79 Atharvaveda 9 Athenagouron, locality 141 Atilāṅgala, country 101 Atinavācala, territory 153 Atisindhu, country 101 A-t’o-li, territory 153 Atri, people 94n Atri, sage 37 Attabas, river 138, 140 Attock, locality 158 Audumbara, people 71, 91n, 92n Augaloi, people 145 Aukhavana, people or forest 93 Aupadha, people 75 Aupamanyava Kāmboja 29 Aurangabad District 80, 115 Aurasa, people of Urasā, modern Hazara District of West Pakistan 67n, 89; same as Arosa 100 Aurdhvika, people 93n Aurṇavābha, sage 19 Aurora Borealis 59 Auśīnara, Uśīnara’s son (Śibi) 18 Auśīra, country 108 Auxakia, town 149 Auxakian mountain 148 Auxakitis, people 149 Auxoamis, town 131
c9.10
Avaha, people 36n ; cf. Avāha 98 Avāha, people 98 ; cf. Avaha 36n Avaṇḍa, territory 153 Āvantaka, people of Avanti 94n Āvartaka, v. l. Āvantaka 94n Avanti, people and country 36n, 72, 81, 93, 94n, 108 ; located in the southern region 62 ; near the Narmadā in the South 64 ; in the western region 63 ; same as the Āvanta people 82 ; same as Apara-Mālava or Ujjayinī-deśa 107 ; same as Mālava 104 ; see Ujjayinī 104 Avanti, name of Takṣaśilā according to some, probably Ujjayinī, city 106 Avanti, same as Avanti, country 108 Avantī, river 85 Avanti-Dakṣiṇāpatha, territory 72 Avantikā, same as Ujjayinī, city 107 Avara, people 95 Avataṃsa, v. l. Viḍiṃsa, name of the Mandara or Meru mountain 57 Avimuktaka, same as Vārāṇasī, city 107 Āvravantī, land in the southern region 62 A-ye-mu-k’a, country 152 Ayodhyā, city 72, 152 ; see Ajodaha 155 ; see Sāketa 104-07 ; located in the eastern region 64 ; wrongly spelt Ayogyā 91n ; see A-yu-t’e 152 Ayomukha, territory 152, 155n ; people or land in the south 62 A-yu-t’e (Ayodhyā), territory 152 Azania, Zanzibar coast 118 Azika, town 130 Bāblā, river 88 Baborana, city 128 Babrahan, town 158 Babylon, city 59 ; Babylonian deity 61 ; empire 59 ; legend 61 Bacare (Bakare) village, probably modern Porakad 117-18 Bactria (Baktria, Bāhlīka), country 73, 119
c9.11
Bactrian, people 114 Badakhshan, country 153, 158 Bādāmi, city 79 Badara, people 95n Badiamaioi, people 133 Baeones, island 133 Baga, locality 159 Baghlan, see Fo-kia-lang, territory 151n Bāgmatī, river 84 Bahala, territory, possibly a mistake for Bāhlika 98, 100 Bāhika, tribes of the Pujab 15; confused with Bāhlika 106 Bahirgiri, mountain, people and country 77; lying in the northern region 64 Bāhlika, also spelt Bāhlika, Bahlika, Bālhika, country and people 73, 101; probably called Bahala 100; same as Bactria or Bactriane, country 95n, 96, 98, 109, 143; in the western region 63; mistake for Bāhika 106; see Balhika, Bālhika, Bālika 14n, 27, 30, 96 Bahmanābād, locality, 77n, 101; see Bamhawā 157; see Brāhmaṇavāha 103 Bahraich District, U. P. 72, 162 Bāhudā, river 84, 106; see Arjunī 104 Bahudhānyaka, locality in the west, near Rohtak 65 Bāhya, people 91 Bāhyā, river 87 Bailey, H. W. 116n Bairāṭ, locality 72 Baithana, same as Pratiṣṭhāna, modern Paiṭhan in the Aurangabad District 134 Bakarei, locality 123 Baktra (Balkh), capital of Baktria 144 Baktriane (Bactria), same as Bāhlika, country 143-45 Bālabhārata, work 74 Baladeva-pattana, locality, 94n Balāhaka, mountain 49
c9.12
Bālaka, country 100 Balantipyrgon, town 133 Balasore-Cuttack-Puri region, 152 Baleokouros (Vilivāyakura), king, 134 Balepatna, locality 122 Balhika, Bālhika, same as Bāhlika, etc. 14n; living in the Balkh region of Northern Afghanistan 27, 30 Bālika, probably the same as Bāhlika 96 Balita, probably modern Varkkalai 118 Balkh, same as Bactra (Baktra), city in Northern Afghanistan 73-74, 114, 151n Ballāvar (Ballāwar), locality 157 Ballāwar, same as old Vallāpura, also spelt Ballāvar, locality 157 Balonga, metropolitan city 139 Balongka, v. l. Kalongka, locality 142 Baltistān, see Byltai 146 Baltipatna, locality 122 Baluchistan-Makran region, same as Greek Gedrosia 121 Bālukā, see Poh-lu-kia, territory 151n Bāluvāhinī, river 86 Bāmahūr, locality 156 Bamhanavāhaka, same as Bahmanābād, Brāhmaṇavāha, Bamhawā, town 101 Bamhawā, same as Brāhmaṇavāha and Bahmanābād, town 157 Bamiyan, see Fan-yen-na, territory 151n Bammala, locality 123 Bammogoura, city 131 Banagara, town 130 Banaouasei, same as Banavāsi in the North Kanara District 135 Bāṇapura, same as Devīkoṭa, locality 104-05 Banārasi, corruption of Vārāṇasī 155 Banās, same as Parṇāśā, river 85 Banavās, same as Banavāsi, city 156 Banavāsi, city 79; also spelt Banavāsi 100, 156, 162; see Baṇaouasei 135
c9.13
Banda District, U.P. 72 Bāṅgaḍh, locality in North Bengal 100 Bankot, locality 116 Bannu, ancient Varaṇa, territory. 99, 153 Bapousai, v.l. Barousai, group of islands 143 Baraca (Barake), same as Dvārakā, city 112 Barake (Baraca), same as Dvārakā, city 137 Barakoura, mart 138 Baramūlā, same as Varāhamūla, modern Bārāmūlā, locality 158 Bārāmūla, see Baramūlā, locality 156 Barbara, people and country 95n, 103, 109; see Barbaricum 111; see Barbarei 131 Barbaraka, people, same as Barbara, see Barbaricum 111 Barbarei (Barbara), island town 131 Barbaricum, same as Barbaraka or Barbara, market-town 95, 111 Bardamana, same as Vardhamāna, modern Vadama in Visakhapatnam 136 Bardaotis (Bhadrāvatī), town 133 Bardaxema, town 122 Bareilly District, U.P. 152 Bareuathra, v.l. Bareukora, locality 142 Bareukora, v.l. Bareuathra, locality 142 Bargysi, people 119 Barhamshil (Brahmaśilā), locality 155 Bārī, capital city 154-55 Barhiṇa, kṣudra-dvīpa 105n Baris, river 123, 127, 135 Barmahattar (Brahmottara), territory 77 Baroi, locality 159 Barousai, v. l. Bapousai, modern Nicobar islands 143 Barrhai, people 141 Barsaronax, v. l. Basaronagos, king 136 Barygaza (Bhṛgukaccha, Broach), port and city 112-13, 115-17, 119, 120n, 131; Gulf 122
c9.14
Basanarai, people 141 Basārh, ancient Vaiśālī, city 152 Basaronagos, v.l. Barsaronax, king 136 Baskalis, river 145 Bassein, locality 138 Bastagaza, town 133 Bastar District, M.P. 80 Basti District, U.P. 161 Bata, city 136 Batai, people 150 Batanagra, city 129 Batangkaissara, town 129 Batoi, people 123, 136 Battle of the ten kings (Dāśarājña) 27 Baudhāyana Dharmaśūtra 22; its prescription of expiation 19; its definition of Āryāvarta 16 Bāveru (Babylon), city 59 Bāveru Jātaka 59 Bawārij, pirates of Kacch and Somanāth 159 Bayana, see Bazana, city 156 Bay of Bengal 20, 33, 77, 85, 87-88, 163-64 Bazakata, island 142 Bazana, same as Bayana, city 156-57 bdellium, guggulu, product 120n Beal, S. 29n, 151n Beas, see Bibasis and Vipāsā, river 125 Bekanāta, possibly a people 27 Bellary District 103, 165 Belvola, territory 100 Benagouron, Bengaouron, same as Veṅgipura near Elūru, city 134 Benda (Bhīmā), river 122, 127, 134 Bengal, 164; Eastern 164; Northern 78, 84, 161; 164-65; Southern 77; Western 162 Bengaouron, see Benagouron, locality 134 Bepyrrhos, mountain 139-40 Berabai (Verāpatha), locality 138 Berabonna, mart 138
c9.15
Berar, territory 80-81 Bere, city 136 Berhampore, locality in the Ganjam District 88 Berhampore, locality in the Murshidabad District 152 Bes, same as Besali, ancient Vidiśā, river 85 Besatae, same as Vasāti, people 119 Beseidai (Vasāti), people 140 Besnagar, ancient Vidiśā, city 81-82, 85 Besulā, ancient Vedasmṛti, river 85 Besynga, modern Bassein, mart 138 Besynga, river 138-39 Besyngeitai, people of Bassein 138, 140 Betik, see Fa-ti, territory 151n Bettia, see Bihat, territory 155 Bettigo (Bittigo), same as the Malaya range 125, 127, 132 Bettigoi, people 132 Betwa, ancient Vetravatī, river 85-86, 164n Bhadra, country 101 Bhadra, people of the central region 91 and n, 92n Bhadra, people of the southern region 94 and n Bhadrā, river 87 Bhadragaura, people 92 Bhadrakālī, goddess and the region around her temple 108 Bhadrakāra, v.l. Madrakāra, branch of the Sālva people 72, 106 Bhadrākara-dvīpa, territory 40n Bhadrāri, people 91 Bhadrāśva, varṣa (division) of the Jambu-dvīpa to the east of Mt. Meru, called Pūrva-Videha by the Buddhists ; 40-42, 45-46, 48-49, 52, 102 ; called Pūrva-Gandhika 105n Bhadrāvatī, see Bardaotis, locality 133 Bhadrilapura, chief city of Malaya 99 Bhāgalpur, city and district 152
c9.16
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 37n Bhagavatī-sūtra 36n, 98 Bhagīratha, mythical king 42 Bhāgīrathī, same as Gaṅgā, river 77, 89; flowing in the east 88; flowing towards the south 62 Bhāguri, sage 37 Bhagwanpur, locality in the Tarāi 42 Bhailasan, same as Bhailsan (Bhāyillasvāmin), see Bhailsan 157 Bhailsan (Bhāyillasvāmin), modern Bhilsā, also the Sun-god of the place 156 Bhaimarathi (Bhīmā), river 103 Bhalānas, people 25, 27 Bhalla, people 98n Bhallāṭa, around Mt. Suktimat, in the eastern region 64 Bhāllavin, family 16 Bhandarkar, R.G. 35n, 50n Bhāradvāja, people 75 Bharaṇi, constellation 97 Bharata, people 18n, 19, 27, 89; dwelling in the north 63; mentioned in the Ṛgveda 37 Bharata, second name of Manu 37 Bharata, written for Bhārata (Bhārata-varṣa) in the Jain works 34, 56 Bhārata, varṣa (division) of the Jambu-dvīpa 26, 40-41, 52, 162 Bhārata-varṣa, division of the Jambu-dvīpa 33-34, 55, 57, 162; domain of Bharata and his descendants 38; its area 69; its shape and divisions 54, 102; part or whole of the Jambu-dvīpa 37; shaped like a tortoise facing the east 54, 90 Bhāratī-prajā, Bhāratī-santati 37 Bharatpur District 156 Bharga, people of the eastern region 64 Bhārgava, people 77 Bharoch, Broach, ancient Bharukaccha, Bhṛgukaccha, port, 81, 153
c9.17
Bharukaccha, Bhṛgukaccha, modern Broach, people and land 51, 81, 94n, 153 Bharupud, Mleccha country 100 Bhāsvat (the Sun-god), same as Bhāyillasvāmin, modern Bhīlsā 164n Bhaṭaka, country 100 Bhāṭī, locality 157 Bhatta-Shāh, royal title 159 Bhattavaryan, Turkish tribe 159 Bhaurika, same as Samaṭaṭa, country 106 Bhāvin, class of people of the Plakṣa-dvīpa 49 Bhavisya Purāṇa 110 Bhavnagar, locality 113, 153 Bhayānaka, country 101 Bhāyillasvāmin, see Bhailsan, modern Bhīlsā, also the Sun-god of the place 156 Bheḍa, king 25, 27 Bhillamāla, modern Bhinmāl, locality 153 Bhīlsā, locality, ancient Bhāyillasvāmin, see Bhailsan (Sun-god) 81-82, 85, 156 Bhīma, Pāṇḍava hero who conquered the eastern regions 63 Bhīmā, see Benda, river 122 Bhīmarathī, same as Bhīmā, river 87 Bhinmāl, ancient Bhillamāla, city 153 Bhīṣma-parvan of the Mahābhārata 35 Bhittika, Mleccha people 100 Bhogaprastha, people 96 Bhogavardhana (modern Bhokardan), people and territory 80 Bhogavatī, city of the Nāga king Vāsuki, in the south 63 Bhoja, people 81-82, 106 Bhojakaṭa (in Berar), in the south, locality 64 Bhokardan Taluk 80 Bhomat District 82 Bhopal, locality 85 Bhoṭānta, country 109 Bhoṭeshar (Bhoṭeśvara, Bhutan), country 156, 158
c9.18
Bhoṭeśvara, see Bhoteshar, country 156 Bhramara, people in the west 67n, 89 Bhramarāmbikā, goddess and the region around her temple 108 Bhṛgu, sage 37 Bhṛgukaccha, modern Broach, Bharoch, locality and people 68, 93, 103, 153 ; see Barygaza 112, 122, 131 ; see Bihroj 157 Bhṛgukacchva, mistake for Bhṛgukaccha 153 Bhṛṅga, people or country 99 Bhubaneswar, locality 79, 82 Bhujagavara, island-continent and ocean 58 Bhujyu, his story in the Ṛgveda 13 Bhuliṅga, a clan of the Sālva people 73, 106, 133 Bhūmihara, locality 157 Bhūmi-parvan of the Mahābhārata 35 Bhūta, island-continent and ocean 58 Bhutan, country 109 ; see Bhoteshar 156 Bhūtapura, locality and people 96, 97n Bhūtavara, island-continent and ocean 58 Bhūtiyuvaka, people 96 Bhuvanavinyāsa of the Purāṇas 35 Bhuvaneśa, god and the area around his temple 108-09 Bibasis, same as Vipāśā, river 125, 128 Bidaspes (Vitastā, Jhelum), river 125-26, 128 Bideris, locality 135 Bihar, territory 35 ; Eastern 77 ; Northern 41, 78 Bihat (Bettia), locality 155 Bihroj (Bhṛgukaccha, Broach), city 157, 160 Bilvala, Mleccha people 100 Bimbisāra, king 78 Bimbisarian dynasty 19 Binagara, town 131 Bindu (Bindu-saras), lake in the Himalaya 56 Bindu-saras, lake in the Himālaya 102 Bindu-sarovara (Bindu-saras), lake in the Himalayas 88 Biolingai, people 133
c9.19
Birbhum District 88 Bitter Lake 60 Biyatta (Vitastā), river, 158 Bodha, people 72 Bodhan, locality, ancient Paudanya 80 Bodhisattva, divinity 45 Bogra District 78, 137, 152, 161, 164 Bokhara, see Pu-ho, territory 151n Bolan Pass (in Baluchistan) 27 Bolar-Shāh, royal title 158 Bolingai, people 133 Bolor, territory 153, 159 ; see Po-lu-lo 151 Bonis, town 130 Boraita, town 140 Boudaia, town 131 Brahmamāla, people of the eastern region 62 Brahman, god 40, 45 ; his sabhā 45 Brāhmaṇa inhabitants of the Middle country 54 ; of the Kuru-Pañcāla country 17n Brāhmaṇa literature 27 Brāhmaṇaspati, deity 11 Brāhmaṇavāha, modern Bahmanābād 101, 103 ; see Bamhawā 151 Brahm-āṇḍa, cosmic egg 10 Brahmāṇḍa Purāṇa 37n, 52n, 53n, 70 Brāhmaṇī, same as Brahmāṇī, river 87 Brahmanical monuments in Indo-China and Indonesia 60 Brahmapura, territory 98n ; see P’o-lo-hih-mo-pu-lo, 151 Brahmapuraka, same as Brahmapura or its people 97 Brahmaputra, same as Lauhitya, river 84, 103-09 ; Upper 139 Brahmaputrī, same as Sarasvatī, river 104 Brahmarṣi-deśa, holy land 17n, 27 Brahmavarcasa, holy land 17 and n Brahmāvarta, holy land 17n Brahmavasati, locality 95n Brahmavedi, same as Kurukṣetra, Pañcarāmahradāntara, Dharmakṣetra Vinaśana, Kurujāṅgala 106-07
c9.20
Brahmottara, people and distriet 77, 89, 103 Brakhmanai Magoi (Maga-Brāhmaṇa), people, 133 Brakhme, city 133 Bramagara, locality 123 Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad 12n Bṛhadgṛha country 81 ; mountain 103 ; same as Kārūṣa 104-06 Bṛhaspati, divinity 11 Bṛhatsaṃhitā 90-91, 92n, 93n, 94n, 95n, 96n, 97n, 98 Bridama, town 133 Broach, ancient Bhṛgukaccha, locality 85, 153 ; see Bihroj 157, 160 ; see Barygaza 112, 122, 131 Bucephalus (Bukephalus) Alexandria, city 114 Buddha, founder of Buddhism 19n, 35, 42 ; his birth-place 161 ; his foot-prints 162 ; called Śākya-muni 161 Buddhist— canonical works 35 ; relics 162 ; monuments 60 Bühler, G. 61n Bukephala, Bucephala, city 128 Bundelkhand region 86, 153, 156 Buṛhi-Rāptī, river 84 Byltai, people 446 Byzanteion (Byzantium), probably the same as Vizadrog, port 122 Byzantium (Byzanteion), probably the same as Vizadrog, port 116 Cabolitic, from the name Kābul 115 Caenitae, probably the same as the Oyster Rocks 116 Caidika, same as the Cedi people 94n Caidya, same as Dāhala, Traipura, Cedi, etc. 104, 106-07 Caitanya, Vaiṣṇava saint of Bengal 88 Caitraratha, forest 45 Cakora, mountain 103 Cakora, people 91n Cakra-giri, hill in the Aṅga-dvīpa in the western sea 105n Cakravāla, same as the Lokāloka, mythical mountain on the horizon 40, 104 Cakravāla-cakravartin, title 39 Cakravāla-parvata, mythical mountain 38-39 Cakravāla-rājya 38 Cakravarti-kṣetra 19, 65, 109, 163 Cakravartin, imperial designation 19, 37, 102 Cakravat, mountain in the west 63, 95n Cakṣu river, same as the Vamkṣu or Oxus 82, 86, 89 Calliene, same as Kalyāṇa, city 115-16 Cālukya, country 79 ; Eastern 153 Cālya, country 107 Camara, probably the same as Kāverī-pattana 118 Cāmara, mistake for Dāmara 98n cāmara, product 103 Camatkārapura, same as Devīkoṭṭa, locality 107 Cambay, Gulf of, 85 ; see Kanbāyat 160 Cammoni, village 113 ; see Kamoni 122 Campā, capital of Aṅga near Bhāgalpur in Bihar 35 and n, 36 and n, 77, 99, 104, 152 ; also called Mālinī, Lomapādapūr and Karṇapūr 104 Campā, see Saba or Zabai, city 138 Campaka-dvīpa, also called Kuśa-dvīpa 105n Campāraṇya, modern Champāraṇ, territory 109 Caṇa, locality 117 Canary Islands 121n Cāñcikapattana, mistake for Kāñcika° 94n Cañcuka, people 95n Caṇḍakhāra, mistake for ca Tukhāra 96 Candanā, river 85 Candanādri, same as the Malaya range 105
c9.21
Candella dynasty 164n Candra, mountain in the Plakṣa-dvīpa 49 Candra, probably associated with Candana of Iranian origin 116n Candra (Candragupta II), king 163 Candrā, river in the Śālmalī-dvīpa 49 Candrabhāgā (Chenab), river 83, 103, 106 ; see Candrāha 158 ; same as Candrikā 104 see Sandabal 125 Candrabhāsā, mistake for Candrabhāgā, river 106 Candr-ācala, mountain 103 Candracitra, people located in the western region 63 Candra-dvīpa, to the south of the Uttara-Kuru 40n Candragupta, Maurya king 34n Candragupta II, Gupta king 163 Candrāha (Candrabhāgā, Chenab), river 158 Candramas, the moon-god 43 Cāndrapura, people of Candrapura 92n Candrāvatī, river in the Candra-dvīpa 40n Candreśvara, mistake for Oḍra 92 Candrikā, same as the Candrabhāgā, river 104, 106 Cannanore, see Naura, locality 116 Cannibals on the sea-coast 92 Cape Comorin 79, 102 Cape of Spices 117 Carma-dvīpa, territory 93 and n Carmakhaṇḍika, people of Samarkand 73, 76 Carmaṇvatī, same as the Chambal, river 72 ; called Ranti-nadī 104 Carmaṇvatī-kūla, land in the southern region 64 Carmapaṭṭa, mistake for Dharma-paṭṭana 93 Carmaraṅga, territory 96n carnelian, product 120n Carukīna, v. l. Tharukīna, people 98 Caspapyrene, same as Kaśyapapura, Kaśmīra, territory 115 Caspian Sea 119 Caṣṭana, Śaka Satrap 111n Cāṭa, same as Caṭṭagrāma, Cāṭigrāma 101 Cathaean, people 76n Caṭṭagrāma, see Cāṭa, territory 101 Caturmahārājika, a heavenly world 43-44 Catvāro dvīpāḥ, ‘the Four Island-Continents’ 39 Cauḍa, same as Cola, people 103 Caula, same as Cola, people 108 Cautang (Citang, Citrang), river 24 Cedi, people and country 35n, 92-93, 99; in the Ken valley in Bundelkhand 26; in the eastern region 64; same as Caidya, Traipura, Dāhala, etc. 104, 106-07 Cedi-deśa, country 164n Cedika, same as Cedi, people and country 93n Cedinagarī, same as Tripurī, city 104; see Cedipūr, 107 Cedipūr, same as Tripurī, Cedinagarī 107 Cerapāda, same as Kerala, people 79 Cerobothra (Kerobothros), same as Keralaputra, royal title 116, 135 Ceryāryaka, wrong text 94n Ceylon, island country 63, 153; see Sarandib 160; see Tāmraparṇī 118 Chaduba, locality 137 Chaghanian, see Ch’i-ngoh-yen-na, territory 151n Chaj, see Che-shi (Tashkand), territory 151n Chambal, ancient Carmanvatī, river 85-86 Champaran District 42 Chan-chu, territory 152 Chāndogya Upaniṣad 12 Charsadda, locality 73, 75 Charsadda-Mir Ziyarat region 128 Chatrapatha, locality 68 Cheh-ka (Ṭakka), country 151
c9.22
Chan-p’o (Campā), city 152 Chaul, port 108; see Semylla 116, 122 Chenab, river 75, 76; see Candrāha 158; see Sandabal 125; see Candrabhāgā 83, 103, 106 Chersonesus (Khersonesos), probably the same as Karwar 116 Che-shi (Chaj or Tashkand), locality 151n Chih-chi-t’o, territory 153 China, country 139, 156; see This 119 Chi-na-p’uh-ti (Cinabhukti), territory 151 Chinese Turkestān, ruins of Buddhist establishments in 59 Chingleput District 153 Ch’i-ngoh-yen-na (Chaghanian or Soghanian), territory 151n Chiruti, railway station 162 Chitoḍgaḍh, locality 73, 162n Chittar, river 88 Cho-kiu-kia, territory 153 Chryse (Khryse) Island, same as Suvarṇadvīpa or °bhūmi 117-19 Chu-li-ye (Coliya), country 153 Cina, Mongoloid peoples and their country 67, 75, 89, 98n, 100; living in the western region 66n; same as Kharambhara 105; same as Tibet 109 Cinabhukti, see Chi-na-p’uh-ti, territory 151 Cina-Kirāta, people 67n Cina-maru, people of the western region 67n, 89 Cipiṭanāsa, people 97n Cipiṭanāsika (Cipiṭanāsa), people 97n Cira-nivāsin, people 98n Ciraprāvaraṇa, people 98 Cirrhadae (Kirrhadae), same as Kirāta, people 119 Citang, Citrang, Cautang, river 24 Citoḍ, fort 157 Citrā, constellation 93 Citrakūṭa, hill in the Vindhyan range 86 Citrakūṭa, hill on the bank of the Anuttapta lake 44n Citrakūṭa, modern Citoḍ, fortress 93, 94n, 157 Citrakūṭa, same as Suvela, hill 106 Citrakūṭā, probably a portion of the Man-dākin, river 86 Citrakūṭadvāra-koṣṭhaka 44 Citralatā-vana 44 Citrotpalā, tributary of the Mahānadī or a part of it, river 86 Cittaūḍa, Citoḍ, fort 157 Civiḍa, long-haired people 96 Claudias Ptolemaeus, Greek geographer 121n Clover, product 120n Coast country 118 Coḍa, same as Coḷa, people and country 103, 107 Coimbatore District 87 Coḷa, people and country 34, 79, 93, 94n, 108 ; living in the southern region 62 ; called Coḍa 107 ; called Utpalāvarta 106 ; wrongly assigned to the northern region 64 Coḷaka, same as Coḷa, people 94n Coḷa-nāyaka, see Sornas, Sornagos 136 Colchi (Kolkhi), same as Kolkoi, port 118 Coḷeśa, deity and the district around his temple 108 Coḷīya, same as the Telugu-Coḍa country 153 Comari (Komari), same as Kumārī, Comorin 118 Comorin (Komorin), see Komaria, cape 79, 102, 123 ; see Comari 118 Coṇḍra, mistake for Coḍa, people of the south 64 Coorg, territory 87 Coral, product 120n Cosmic golden egg (*Hiraṇyagarbha*) 12 Costus, kuṣṭha, product 120n Cottonara, district in Malabar 117 cotymba, kind of boat 113
c9.23
Cranganore, see Muziris, port 116 Creation, theory of 12 Cūḷika, Central Asian people 74, 95, 100 Cuñcuka, people 100 Cunningham, Alexander 161 Cuttack District, Orissa 153 Dabassai, people 140 Dabhoi, see Palaepatmae, locality 116 Dacca, city 164 Dachinabades, same as Dakṣiṇāpatha or Dakkhiṇābadha 115 Dadhi (Curds) Sea 61 Dadhimāla Sea, also called Dadhimālī 51 Dadhimālī Sea, alo called Dadhimāla 51 Dadhi-samudra, mythical sea of curds 51 Dahae, people 27 Dahāla, country 101 ; also Cedi, Dāhala, etc. 107, 156 Dāhala, same as Traipura, Caidya, Cedi, etc. 100-01, 104, 107 Dābhāla, see Cedi, etc. 107 Dahmāla, capital of Jālandhara 157 Daidala, city 129 Daimonos (Demon), Agathou Daimonos= Good Demon 142 Daitikhai, people 129 Daitya, Demon 50 Daix, river 147 Dakkhiṇābadha (Dakṣiṇāpatha), see Dachinabades, territory 115 Dakṣa, divinity 11 and n Dakṣiṇ-ācala, see Malaya 104 Dakṣiṇa-Kosala, country in the Deccan 72, 82 Dakṣiṇa-malla, people of the eastern region 64 Dakṣiṇa-Mathurā, city 79, 88 ; see Modoura 136 Dakṣiṇa-parvata, mountain 22
c9.24
Dakṣiṇāpatha, same as Dākṣiṇātya comprising the whole of South India 17, 69, 103, 106-08, 164 ; see also Dachinabades 115 Dākṣiṇātya, same as Dakṣiṇāpatha, territory 79 Dālbhya, Dārbhya, clan 31 Dāmakara, mistake for Dāmaraka, people 97 Dāmalipta, see Tāmalipta, city 104 Dāmara, people 98n Dāmaraka, same as Dāmara 97 Damassa, mountain 139-41 Damin, same as the Damnai of Ptolemy 49 Damirica (Damirike), same as Draviḍa, Tamilaka, country 81, 114-19, 135, 118-19 ; see Limyrike 123 Damirike (Damirica), country 81 Damna, city 150 Damnai, people 150 Daṇḍa, people of the eastern region 64 ; of the northern region 97 Daṇḍadhara, people of the eastern region 64 Daṇḍaka, forest, people or country in the south 64, 80, 94n, 103, 106 Daṇḍapiṅgalaka, people of the northern region 97n Daṇḍak-āraṇya, forest in the southern region 62 Daṇḍakā-vana, same as Daṇḍak-āraṇya 94n Danturaka, people 92n Dānava, demon 50 Dānak, same as the plains of the Koṅkaṇ 157 Daona, v.l. Doana, Dasana, locality 142 Darad, see Darada, Daradrai, people 128 Darada, people 74, 89, 95, 97 ; same as Sasindhu 106 ; living in the west 67n ; see Daradrai 128 Daradrai, same as Darada or Darad, people, 128 Daratpura, Daratpurī, city 74
c9.25
Daraur, Draviḍa for Andhra 155 Darbha (Darva), people 97n Dardara, people 105n Dardistān, land of the Darads 74 Dardura, mountain 93, 94n, 103 Darel, see Ta-li-lo, territory 151 Dargamanes, river 143-44 Dargoidos, river 143 Darī-patha, pass or locality 68 Dark Red Mountain, probably the same as the Red Bluffs 118 dāru-haridrā, lycium, product 120n Darva, same as Dārva, people 83 Dārva, people 76, 78, 97, 98n ; living near Abhisāra in the Punch-Naoshera region 64 Dārv-abhisāra, territory 76 Darvad (Draviḍa), territory 160 Dāsa, people 27 Dāśadhāna, people 97n Daśamānaka, same as Daśamānika, people 74 Daśamānika, same as Daśamānaka, people 74 Dāsameya 97 and n Dasana, locality 142 Daśapura, city and people 93, 94n Dāsapura, mistake for Daśapura 93 Dāśarājña (Battle of the Ten Kings) 25 Daśaratha, king 160 Daśārha, see Yadu, people 105 Daśārṇa, people and country 81-82, 93 and n, 99 ; located in the western region 65 ; wrongly placed in the eastern region 64 ; same as Vedipara (Vaidiśaka) 106 Daśārṇā, same as the Dhasan, river 86 Daśārṇa-nagara, wrongly located in the southern region 62 Daseraka (Dāseraka), same as Maru 75 ; also spelt Daśeraka 104 Daśeraka (Daseraka), same as Maru 104 Dāseraka, people of the northern region 96, 97n, 103
c9.26
Dāseya, people 97n Dasht valley in Kalat, territory 74 Dauba, rown 148 Daulepa, people 91n Davāka, country 164 Daxata, city 150 Deb, H. K. 14n Deccan, territory 87 Deeg, same as the Devikā, river 84 Delhi, see Yoginī or Yoginīpura, city 109 Delour, city 135 Deluge, story of 61 Demos, river 145 Deogarh, see Togarum 116 Deopala (Devapallī), city 134 Deopallī, city 134 Deoria District 77-78, 152 Derwaz, country 151n Deśaprakāṇḍa, section of the Kalpadrukośa 106 Deśāvalivivṛti, work 110 Deserts of Central Asia 13 Deva, island-continent and ocean 58 Deva, mountain 45 Devabhadra, country 101 devadāru, product 103 Devakūṭa, maryādā-parvata 46 Devapāla, king 164 Devapallī, see Deopala, city 134 Devaprastha, territory in the northern region 64 Devasabhā, modern Dewās, city 17, 69, 103 Devavara, island-continent and ocean 58 Devāvṛt, mountain 49 Devikā, modern Deeg, river 84, 103 Devikoṭa, same as Umāvana (Uṣāvana), Koṭivarṣa, Bāṇapura, Śoṇitapura 104 Devikoṭṭa, same as Camatkārapura 107 Dhaṅga, Candella king 164n
c9.27
Dhaniṣṭhā, constellation 96 Dhanuṣmat, mountain 96, 97n Dhānyakaṭaka, city 153 Dhār (Dhārā), capital of Mālava 156-57 Dhārā, see Dhār, city 108, 156 Dharaṇikoṭa, locality 153 Dharmabaddha, people 96 Dharma-dvīpa, territory 93 Dharmakṣetra, see Brahmavedi, territory 106 Dharmapaṭṭana, city 93, 94n Dharmapaṭṭana, same as Śrāvastī 105 Dharmapaṭṭana-dvīpa, territory 94n Dharmāraṇya, forest 91 and n Dharwar-Bellary region 82 Dharwar District, 160 Dhātaki, mythical king of a part of the Puṣkara-dvīpa 48 Dhātaki-khaṇḍa, division of the Puṣkara-dvīpa 58; island-continent around Lavaṇoda 57 Dhauli, locality 79, 82 Dhavalā, same as the Bāhudā, river 84 Dhenukā, river 50 Dhīvara, people of the eastern region 67n, 90 Dhṛtarāṣṭra, guardian of the east 43-44 Dhṛti, mythical king of a part of the Kuśa-dvīpa 48 Dhruva, mythical king of a part of the Plakṣa-dvīpa 48 Dhumelā (Dhavalā), river 84 Dhūrtaka, people 94 Dhūtapāpā, tributary of the Gaṅgā, river 84 Dhūtapāpā, river in the Kuśa-dvīpa 49 Diamouna (Yamunā), river 126, 128 Digambara, Jain sect 46 Diggaja, elephants protecting the quarters 43n Digvarga section of the Amarakośa 43n Digvijayaprakāśa, work 110 Dihanḍa, mistake for Udabhānḍa, see Gan-dhāra 105 Dikpāla, guardians of the quarters 43n Dinajpur District 165 Dionysopolis, see Nagara, city 128 Dīrghagrīva, people 95, 96n Dīrgha-keśa, people 96n Dīrgha-keśa-grīv-āny-āṅga-śaraga-viṣa-veṣa, various peoples 96n Dirgh-āsya, people 96n Diśādi, name of Mt. Mandara or Meru 57 Divādina, people 98n Dīva island 160 Dīva-kanbār islands 160 Dīva-kūndha islands 160 Divodāsa, king 26 Divyakaṭa, locality in the western region 65 Divyāvadāna, work 17n Diyāmau, locality 158 Doana, see Daona, Dasana, locality 142 Doanai, people 141 Doanas (Mekong), river 139 Dobassa, v.l. Damassa, mountain 139 Ḍomba, territory 100 Ḍombilaka, country 100 Dorios, river 139 Dosara (Tosalī), city 134 Dosarene, same as Tosalī, city 118 Dosarenic, ivory from Dosarene 119 Dosaron, river 124, 127 Dounga, locality 122 Draḍa, mistake for Draviḍa 100 drākṣā, product 103 Drastoka, city 128 Drāvaṇa, people 94 Draviḍa, people of the south 64, 92n, 95 and n, 98, 100; see Darvad 160; see Damirika 114, 116, 123; see Limyrike 123 Draviḍa-viṣaya, territory 107
c9.28
Drepsa, metropolitan city 146 Drepsianoi, people 145 Drilophyllitai, people 133 Droṇa, mountain in the Śālmalī-dvīpa 49 Drosakhe, city 150 Dṛṣadvatī, river 17n, 18, 24, 27, 84 Druhyu, prince and people 25-26 Drybaktai, people 145 Dūdahi, locality 156 Dūgum, locality 155 Dūgumpūr, locality 155 Dunbāwand, mountain, 159 Dundubhi, mountain in the Plakṣa-dvīpa 49 Dundubhi, prince ruling over a part of the Krauñca-dvīpa 48 Dunpūr, locality 158 Durdara, mistake for Dardura 94n Durga, people or locality 80 Durgā, river 80, 87 Duṣyanta, king 19, 37 Dvār (Dvāra), watch station 158 Dvārakā, city 81, 108; same as Vanamālinī, Dvāravatī, Abdhinagarī 105; see Baraca or Barake 112, 137; see Dvārāvatī 107 Dvāravatī, same as Dvārāvatī, Dvārakā Kuśasthalī, Vanamālinī 107; see Dvārikā 104; see Dvārakā 105; chief city of Saurāṣṭra 99 Dvārāvatī, see Dvāravatī, etc. 104, 107 Dvāravatipada, kṣudra-dvīpa 105n Dvārikā, see Dvāravatī, etc. 104 Dvīpa-cakravartin, designation 39 Dviviṣṭha, people 98n Dwarka (Dvārakā), river 88 Dyutimat, mountain in the Kuśa-dvīpa 49 Dyutimat, king of the Krauñca-dvīpa 48 earth, four-continent, Buddhist conception of 38; seven-continent 47 Ebousmouanasa, town 144 Egypt, country 115, 117, 120n Eirinon, gulf 112
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Ekabāhu, people 101 Ekacakra, same as Harigṛha, Śambhuvārtani, city 107 Ekacaraṇa, people 98n Ekakaccha, Aikakaccha, people 94n Ekanetra, Aikanetra, people 96n Ekapāda, Aikapāda, people 92, 97, 101; located in the southern region 64 Ekapādaka, people located in the eastern region 62 Ekarāṭ, designation 20; its Vedic conception 33 Ekaśṛṅga, mountain 46 Ekavilocana, people 96n Ekekṣaṇa, people 95 Ekiour, city 136 Elangkon, mart 123 Elāvardhana, locality 68 Eḍana, locality 141 Ellichpur (Acalapura), see Alispūr 157 Elūru, locality 134, 153 Embolima (Amb-Balimah on the Indus, 60 miles above Attock), town 130 Emodos (Himādri), the eastern Himalayas 149 Empelathra, town 130 Eni, river 24 Epipausa, v.l. Epitausa, town 131 Epiphi, roughly the month of July 112, 120n Epitausa, v.l. Epipausa, town 131 Eragaṇa, v.l. Erarasa, metropolitan city 129 Erarasa, v.l. Eragaṇa, metropolitan city 129 Eratosthenes, Greek author 54 Erymmoi, people 148 Erythraean Sea, same as the Indian Ocean 111, 119 Estobara, town 144 Eudaemon Arabia (Eden), port 117 Eukratidia (named after Eukratides), town 144 Euthydemia, see Sagala, city 128
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Euthymedia (Euthydemia), see Sagala, city 128 Evolution, theory of 12 Fa-la-na (Varaṇa), country 153 Fa-la-pi (Valabhī), kingdom 153 Fan-yen-na (Bamiyan), territory 151n Faridpur District 84 Farrukhabad District 84, 152, 154 Fa-ti (Betik), territory 151n Fei-han (Ferghanah), territory 151n Fei-she-li (Vaiśālī), territory 152 Fire-god (Agni), guardian of the south-eastern quarter 43n Fo-ho-lo (Balkh), territory 151n Fo-kia-lang (Baghlan), territory 151n Fo-li-shi (Vṛji), territory 152 frankincense, kunduru (lobān), product 120n Fu-li-shih-sa-t'ang-na (Varṣasthāna), territory 153 Fyzabad District, U.P. 72, 152, 155 Gabaliba, v.l. Gamaliba, city 134 Gabhastī, river in the Śāka-dvīpa 50 Gabhastimat, a pātāla 50 Gabhastimat, subdivision of the Bhāratavarṣa 54 Gachi (Kie-chi), territory 151n Gadādhara, Brāhmaṇa, 165 Gādhipura, see Kānyakubja, city 104, 107 Gagasmira, city 129 Gaja, mountain to the south of the Mānasa lake 46 Gajāhva, city, see Gajāhvaya 107 ; see Nāgāhva, etc. 105 Gajāhvaya, same as Hastipura, Gajāhva, Hastisāhvaya, Hastina, Hāstinapura, city and its people 91, 93n, 104, 107 Gājanaka, country 100 Gajapura, same as Hastināpura, chief city of the Kuru 99 Gajasāhva, same as Gajāhvaya, city 92n Galaktophagoi Skythai, Śaka clan 148
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Cālava, sage 37 Gamaliba, v.l. Gabaliba, city 134 Gamerai, v.l. Zamirai 140 Gammogoura, city 131 Gaṇabāhya, mistake for Gaṇarājya 93 Gaṇa-rājya, territory 93, 94n gaṇḍa (rhinoceros), animal 157 Gaṇḍak (Burhī-Gaṇḍak), same as Gaṇḍaka, river 25, 84 Gaṇḍaka (people of the Gaṇḍaki valley), located in the eastern region 64, 93n Gaṇḍaki, river 84, 109 Gandaraei, same as the Gandhāra people of the Rawalpindi region 114 Gandarai (Gandhāra), people 128 Gandari, people 76n gandha-benā, jvarāṅkuśa (nard) product 120n Gandhahāraka, same as Gandhāra 100 Gandhamādana, mountain to the south of Mt. Meru and associated with the Jambudvīpa 45; situated on the shore of the Anuttapta lake 44n; situated on the east or west of the Meru 46 Gandhamādana, name of the Ketumāla or Bhadrāśva varṣa 53 Gandhāra, people and country 36n, 59, 67n, 73, 89, 96, 97n; see Gandaraei 114; see Gandarai 128 see Kandhār 151; see Kan-t’o-lo 151; see Gandhahāraka 100; located in the western region 67n; see Dihaṇḍa 105 Gandhārī, people of the western region 14n, 26-27; mentioned with the Mūjavat 30 Gandharva, guardians of the Cāturmahārājika 43 Gandharva, inhabitants of the Kuśa-dvīpa 49; their land located in the western region (Gandhāra) 63 Gandharva, living on the banks of the Bhāgīrathī in the Himalayan region 89, 98 Gāndharva, subdivision of the Bhārata-varṣa 54-55
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Gandhavati, mahāsabhā of the wind-god 45 Gaṇeśvara, deity and the district around his temple on the border of Śilahaṭṭa 109 Gaṇeśvara, deity and district around his temple on the western border of Kaccha 109 Gaṅgā, river issuing from the Himalayas 22, 56, 83, 103, 108, 154, 164-65: her seven streams 66n; issuing from Lake Padma 56; see Gaṅge 134 Gaṅgā, same as the Ṛṣikulyā, river 104 Gāṅga, see Ganges 119 Gaṅgādvāra, source of the Ganges 154 Gaṅgana, people 68 Gangaridai (Vaṅga), people 77, 119, 134, 140 Gaṅgāsāgar, same as Gaṅgāsāgara 119 Gaṅgāsāgara, junction of the Gaṅgā and the sea 77 Gaṅgāsāyara, same as Gaṅgāsāgara 155 Gaṅgā-tīra, the valley of the Gaṅgā 108 Gaṅgavāḍi, territory 100 Gaṅgā-Yamunā-saṅgama (Allahābād) 19 Gange (Gaṅgā), royal residence 77, 134; also called Ganges and described as a market town 119 Gangenoi (Taṅgana), people 140 Ganges (Gaṅgā), river 42, 75, 78, 84-86, 114-15, 118-19, 121, 126-29, 133-34, 137, 139, 154-55, 159 Ganges, same as Gange, market town 77, 119, 140 Ganges, same as Gāṅga, Vaṅga 119 Gangetic Gulf 124, 137 Gangetic spikenard and muslins 119 Gāṅgeya, Kalacuri king 156 Ganjam District 88, 152 Garga, astronomer 91 Gārgya, sage 37 Garhwal District 75 Garinaioi, people 150 Garma, see Hwuh-lo-mo, territory 151n *Garuda Purāṇa* 53n, 55n ; its geographical section 70-71 *Garuda*'s abode 62 Gatasmira, city 129 Gauḍa, country and people 100, 105, 107, 109, 165 Gauḍa-viṣaya 107 Gauhati region of Assam 77 Gauraean, people 76n Gauragrīva, people 91 and n Gaurī, river 49 ; same as the Panjkora 76n Gaurī's Father (Himālaya), 164 Gautama the Buddha 44 Gautamīputra Śātakarṇi, king 116n, 163-64 Gavya, people 97n Gayā, same as Gayārājarṣipūr 104 ; same as Pitṛtīrtha 107 Gaya District 78 Gayārājarṣipūr, same as Gayā, city 104 Gayaśiras (Gayā in Bihar), city 19 Gedrosia, same as the Baluchistan-Makran region 121 Ghaggar, river 24 Ghaṇṭaśāla, see Kontakossyla, city 124 Ghāṭs, Eastern 80 Ghāṭs, Western 87 ; see Adeisathron 125 Ghaṭṭa, same as the Western Ghāṭs 109 Ghazipur District 152 Ghazna, same as Ghaznī, city 153, 158 Ghaznī, city and district 27, 74-75 Ghogra, river 25, 84 ; see Sarabos 126, 140 Ghora, people 95 Ghora-Lohamukha, peoples located in the eastern region 62 Ghoṣa, people 91, 92n, 97, 98n Ghoṣa-saṅkhya, people 91 Ghoṣitārāma slab inscription 162 Ghṛtavara, island-continent encircled by the Ghṛtoda ocean 57
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Ghṛtoda, ocean 57n Gilgit, town 159 Girimati, people 96n Girinagara, city and hill 94n, 103 Girirāja, name of the Mandara or Meru 57 Girisār-āśrama, people 94 Girivāsin, people 95n Girivraja, city located in the east 64, 78, 152 ; ancient capital of Magadha 35n Girivraja, capital of Kekaya 74 Girjak, ancient Girivraja, capital of Kekaya 74 Girnar, ancient Girinagara, mountain 103 Glauganician, Glaucian, people 76n Goa, locality, see Aegidii 116 Goalundo, locality 84 Goaphat, locality 112 Goaris (Godāvarī), river 122, 127 Goḍā, same as the Godāvarī, river 104 Goḍāna, see Apara-Goḍāna 39n Goḍāvar (Godāvarī), river 157 Godāvarī, river 36n, 80, 87, 103 ; see Goḍā 104 ; see Goaris 122 ; see Goḍāvar 157 Godavari District, West 153 Godāvarī-nadī, river in the south 62 Gokarṇeśa, deity and the district around his temple 109 Golden Mountain (Meru) 162 Gomal, same as Gomatī, river 84 Gomatī (Gomal), river 23, 84 Gomatī (Goomti), river 84 Gomatī, same as Vāsiṣṭhī, river 104 Gomeda, mountain in the Plakṣa-dvīpa 49 Gomeda, mountain, etc., in Central Asia 145-46, 151n ; see Komedai 128 Gonarda, locality 78, 93, 94n Gonda District, U.P. 72, 162 Gonda-Bahraich region 152 Gondaloi (Kuntala), people 132
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Gondwana, territory 102 Goomti, river 84 Gopagiri, 164n ; see Gwaliyar (Gwalior) 156 Gopinath Point 112 Gorya, city 128 Goryaia, people of the Gauri or Panjkora valley 128 Gośṛṅga, mountain in the southern region 64 Govardhana, mountain 103 Goviṣāṇa, territory 152 Graeco-Aramaic edict of Aśoka 74 Grāmaṇikula 105n Grāmaṇiya, people of the Sindhu-kūla 65 granthiparṇaka, product 103 Great Cape 139 Great Gulf towards the Sinai 139 Greek, same as the Yavana, people 98, 116 Green Sea 137 Grynaioi, people 146 Guḍa, people 91 Guḍava, people 95n Gudur, see Koddoura, locality 124 guggulu, product 103, 120n Gujarāt, country 80-81, 101-02, 108, 157; see Guzarat 156 Gujarāta, see Gujarāt, country 101 Gulbarga, city 162 Guluha, people 96n Gumba, locality 68 Guntur District 79-80, 153 Gupta dynasty 77 Gurez, locality 74 Gurjara, country 101, 108, 153 Gurjara-Pratīhāra dynasty 74, 102 Gurjaratrā, land of the Gurjaras 156 Gurudaspur-Amritsar region 76n Guruha, people 95 Gurusvara, people 95 Guzarat, same as Gurjaratrā land of the Gurjaras 156
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