On Yuan Chwang's Travels in India, 629–645 A.D. v1.c13.s2.23

v1.c13.s2.23

It is unusual for a tope to be erected in memory of a man reputed to have gone to Hell, and a Chinese annotator has suggested that stupa here is a mistake for ti (地) meaning "place". But the correction is not necessary, as the tope was erected by the personal friends of Vimalamitra, who did not think he had gone to Hell. As this man's dead body was cremated it seems strange that the arhat should have declared he had gone down into the Avichi Hell. It was evidently not the human being Vimalamitra who had so descended, but his alter ego, the embodied karma which had been formed and accumulated in successive births.