On Yuan Chwang's Travels in India, 629–645 A.D. v1.c7.s8.2

v1.c7.s8.2

The *Tu-huo-lo* (睹貨邏) of this passage is undoubtedly the Tokhara of old western geographers. In the Chinese note to the text we are told that an old and incorrect name was *Tu-huo-lo* (吐火羅), which is the transcription used in the Sui-Shu. There are also other transcriptions of the name such as the *Tu-hu-lo* (吐呼羅) of early writers, but the differences are not important. In certain Chinese translations of Buddhist treatises the name is given *Tu-ka-lê* (兜佉勒 (or 吐佉) 勒) or Tukhar.¹ The Sanskrit name is Tukhāra another form of which is Tushāra. This word has the meanings of frost, snow, and mist or vapour.