A Comparative Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India v1.c6.8

v1.c6.8

β. In Tadbhavas, as कडाही, कौडी, कोइल्, जोंक, तिरछा, नेव, नंगा, मूठ, रोना, लोंग, सूई, हाथ, from कटाह, कपई, कोकिल, जलूक, तिर्यक्, नेमि, नम्र, मुष्टि, रोदनं, लवङ्ग, सूचि, हस्त, where, in spite of violent changes in the interior of the word, the initial letter remains unaltered. A very large number of these words may be found in every page of the dictionaries of these languages. When initial changes do occur, they are generally found to be due to some organic disturbance in the body of the word, which has exercised a retrospective influence on the initial letter. Such changes are, however, altogether exceptional, and comparatively few in number. The most prominent and common of them will be noticed below. To be omitted from the present section, however, are all those words which in Sanskrit begin with स and स. The former generally appear with an initial फ, the latter with थ or ठ. The aspiration is due to the influence of the sibilant, and, as we are here considering single consonants only, this process does not fall within our present subject.