An Account of the Different Existing Systems of Sanskrit Grammar c8.12

c8.12

48. Date of the Jainendra-vyākaraṇa.—The foundation of this school dates from about the same time as that of the Cāndra. If anything, the Jainendra would come a little before the Cāndra. Professor Pathak in his paper on the Jaina Śākaṭāyana (Indian Antiquary, Oct. 1914) gives evidence to assign the Jainendra-vyākaraṇa to the latter part of fifth century A. D. Among his arguments are: 1. the fact that the Kāśikā seems to betray a knowledge of the Jainendra-vyākaraṇa³; 2. the circumstance that the Jainendra sūtra⁴ alludes to Īśvarakṛṣṇa the author of the Sāṅkhya-kārikās (who is assigned by Dr. Takakusu to A. D. 450) and to the twelve year cycle of Jupiter according to the heliacal rising system⁵ a system which was in vogue in the time of the Early Kadamba kings and their contemporaries, the Early Gupta kings; and 3. the collateral evidence to be drived from later references to the Jainendra from the ninth century on. Thus the Śākaṭā- yana Śabdānuśāsana (which dates from 1025 A. D., as we shall see) is largely indebted to the Jainendra. A Digambara Darśanaśāstra of 853 A. D. mentions, as stated by Dr. Peterson,¹ a pupil of a certain Pūjyapāda as being the founder of a Draviḍa-saṅgha. Lastly, an inscription from the Śaṅkhabasti temple at Lakṣmeśvara records a gift in Śaka 652 (730 A. D.) of Śrī-Pūjyapāda to his house-pupil, although this last is not quite a trustworthy evidence, being not contemporaneous, and there may have been more than one Pūjyapāda.