Wilson Philological Lectures on Sanskrit and the Derived Languages c8.68

c8.68

—Nouns in अन्, अत् (present participle), वत्, मत् &c. राजन् has four bases. The old one राजन् with the old Sanskrit forms only phonetically corrupted (ज्ञ becoming ण) is used in all the singulars except that of the loc. and in the nom. pl.; as आआ, आआणो, आआणं, रण्णा, रण्णो and रण्णो. In Pâli it is used in the loc. sing. and gen. pl. also. The second राज, Prâkritised into राअ, is used in both numbers of all cases except the nom. sing., and in Pâli in all except the nom. sing. and pl. and the acc. pl. It is declined like a noun in अ; as राआ nom. pl., राअं acc. sing., आआ-राऐ acc. pl., राएण instr. sing., &c. The third राजिन् is employed in the gen. sing., in the older dialect; but here, as राइन्, in all cases and numbers except the nom. sing. It is declined like an ordinary Sanskrit noun in इन्; as राइणो nom. and acc. pl., राइणं acc. sing., राइणा instr. sing., &c. The fourth is राजान, Pr. आआण, used in all cases and both numbers. Vararuchi, however, does not give this, and omits the others in some of the cases. This base is unknown to Pâli, but occurs in the word आत्मन् in the form of अत्ताण, and is used in the plurals of the instr. and loc., while here it is extended to all cases. This noun and such others ending in अन् are in the Prâkrit declined like राजन्; the base in आअ is general to all and used throughout, but the others occur in certain cases only. The voc. sing. of राजन् is राअं or राअ in the Śaurasenî, the former of which does not occur in the Mahârâshtrî. The base of the present participles ends in अन्त and they are declined like nouns in अ. The Pâli, you will remember, uses the old base in some of the cases and has the old forms; but here they have disappeared. Similarly वत् and मत् become वन्त and मन्त throughout, i.e., end in अ. Other final consonants are dropped and in feminine nouns sometimes आ is added.