A History of Sanskrit Literature c25.s2.34

c25.s2.34

There are in Udbhaṭa hints of new views which later had some effect. The ascription to him of the doctrine that sentiment is the soul of poetry is due to an error, a verse cited by Pratīhārendurāja being wrongly ascribed to him. But he did lay some stress on the element of sentiment in poetry and he added to the list of eight of the *Nāṭyaçāstra* a ninth, the calm. Further, while he ignored, like Bhāmaha, the styles of Daṇḍin, he introduced a new classification based entirely on sound effects, primarily alliteration, in the shape of the theory of three Vṛttis, manners, classed as elegant (*upanāgarikā*), ordinary (*grāmyā*), and harsh (*paruṣā*). In treating figures he adds Dṛṣṭānta, exemplification, and Kāvyaliṅga, poetical causation, divides simile according to the grammatical form of expression, as by suffixes like *vat*, and starts the investigation of the relations of double meaning to other figures, which is later developed, as well as the complex issue of the different kinds of blending of figures, Saṁsṛṣṭi and Saṁkara.