A History of Sanskrit Literature c33.s5.13

c33.s5.13

Dignāga, the chief of the early Buddhist logicians, lived probably before a. d. 400; writing the *Pramāṇasamuccaya*, *Nyāyapraveça*, and other texts, most of which are preserved only in translations.⁵ Dharmakīrti attacked Uddyotakara in vindication of Dignāga in the seventh century, and his *Nyāyabindu*⁶ has fortunately been preserved, with the comment of Dharmottara (*c.* 800) and the super-comment, *Nyāyabinduṭīkāṭippanī*,⁷ of Mallavādin, probably written shortly afterwards. Much less important are the Jain works, of which Siddhasena Divākara's *Nyāyāvatāra*⁸ is assigned dubiously to a. d. 533, while Māṇikya Nandin's *Parīkṣāmukhasūtra*,⁹ on which Anantavīrya commented in the eleventh century, may be dated *c.* 800. Hemacandra (1088–1172) wrote a *Pramāṇamīmāṅsā* in Sūtra style. Polemical matter against these Buddhist, and in a minor degree Jain, comments is to be found in Jayanta's *Nyāyamañjarī*¹⁰ (9th cent.), which comments on the Sūtras; Bhāsarvajña's *Nyāyasāra*¹¹ (*c.* 900), which shows a marked Çaiva tendency and embodies Vaiçeṣika doctrines; and Varadarāja's *Tārkikarakṣā*,¹² which knows Kumārila and was used in the *Sarvadarçanasaṁgraha* (*c.* 1350).