A History of Sanskrit Literature c36: English Index

A History of Sanskrit Literature c36

Language: English

c36.109 — 3 parts

English Index

c36.1

Abacus, invented in India, 526, 527. Abdallah ibn al-Moqaffa‘, translator of Pahlavi *Pañcatantra*, 357. Abhimanyu, king of Kashmir, revives study of *Mahābhāṣya*, 428. Abhinanda, son of Jayanta, 135; *Yoga-vāsiṣṭhasāra*, 480. Abhinanda, son of Çatānanda, 135. Abhinavagupta, philosopher and writer on poetics, xvii, 214, 387, 388, 392, 395, 481. Ābhīras, 33, 34, 223, 370, 469; speech of, 32. Ablative, with words denoting near or far, 18. Abnormal causation (*vibhāvanā*), 374, 380. Abu'l-Maālī Naṣrallāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd al-Ḥamīd, *Kitāb Kalīla wa Dimna*, 358. Accent, in Vedic and Classical Sanskrit, 7. Accusative with adjectives in *uka*, 18. Achievement of Sanskrit poetry, 344–51. Achilles Tatius, tale of Kleitophon and Leukippe, 363, 368. Act of truth, *motif*, 343. Ādarça, western boundary of Āryāvarta, 11. Ādi Buddha, 494. Ādi Çeṣa, alleged author of Kārikās, 481. Āḍhyarāja, i. e. Harṣavardhana, 316. Aelian, 371. *Aeneid*, unevenness of, 97, n. 1. Aerial car, 96. Aesthetic pleasure, 388, 389. Agatharchos, contemporary of Alexander the Great, 357. Aggavaṁsa, *Saddanīti*, 436. Agnivarman, king, 97. Agniveça, authority on medicine, 505, 506. Āhavamalla, Cālukya, 154, 155, 156, 157. Ahirs, descendants of the Ābhīras, 33. Aihole inscription, of Ravikīrti, xvii, 97, n. 1. Aims and training of the poet, 338–44. Airships, Greek, 369. Aischylos, Greek tragedian (525–457 B.C.), 195. Aisopos (*c.* 550 B. C.), 352; fables of, 245. *Aithiopika*, 367. Aja, prince, husband of Indumatī, 91, 94, 95. Ajaṇṭā frescoes, 68.

c36.2

Ajātaçatru, parricide, 65. Ajayapāla, of Gujarāt, 535. Akalaṅka, comm. on *Āptamīmāṁsā*, 497. Akbar, Emperor of India, 415. Akṣapāda, *Nyāya Sūtra*, 482–4. Alakā, 85. Alaṁkāra, brother of Maṅkha, 136; patron of poets, 161. Alaṭa (Alaka, Allaṭa), joint author of *Kāvyaprakāça*, xvii, n. 4, 394. Alberūnī, Arabian geographer, 512, 521, 522. Alchemy, 460. Alexander the Great, 33, n. 3. Alexandrian poetry, compared with Sanskrit, 347, 361. ‘Alī bin Sāliḥ, *Humāyūn Nāmeh*, 358. Alliteration, 45, n. 1, 49, 79, 97, 105, 130, 212, 218, 232, 311, 313, 333, 341, 343, 369, 373, 378, 384, 386–8. Amaracandra, *Bālabhārata*, 137; *Kāvyakalpalatā*, 397, 398. Amaraçakti, of Mahilāropya or Mihilāropya, 248, 250. Amarasiṁha, lexicographer and poet, 76, 308, 339, 413, 512. Amaru, 183–7. Amitābha, heaven of, 494. Amitagati, *Dharmaparīkṣā* and *Subhāṣitaratnasaṁdoha*, 240, 241, 497. Amoghavarṣa, Rāṣṭrakūṭa king, 53, n. 2, 524. Amṛtānanda, work of, on the *Buddhacarita*, 58. Āmradeva, of Dhārā, 535. Amrakūṭa, hill, 85. Ānanda, brother of Bilhaṇa, 153. Ānanda, *Mādhavānalakathā*, 293. Ānandajñāna, commentator on Çrīkaṇṭha, xxi, n. 4. Ānandatīrtha, *Yamakabhārata*, 197, n. 2. Ānandavardhana, writer on poetics, x, 33, 43, 87, 105, 218, 232, 313, 341, 373, 386–8, 411. Ananta, *Bhāratacampū*, 336. Ananta, *Vīracaritra*, 292. Ananta, king of Kashmir, 281. Anantavīrya, comm. on *Parīkṣāmukhasūtra*, 484. Anatomy, study of, 505. Andhaka, legend of, 134, 135. Andhrabhṛtyas, 33. Andhras, 469. Androclus, and the lion, 356.

c36.3

Aṅgulimāla, legend of, 504. Aniruddha, comm. on *Sāṁkhya Sūtra*, 489. Annam Bhaṭṭa, *Tarkasaṁgraha*, 486. Anthologies, 222, 223. Anthonius von Pforr, *Das buch der byspel der alten wysen* (*sine loco et anno*, about 1480), 358. Antonius Diogenes, Greek writer of Romance, xi. Anubhūti, *Sarasvatīprakriyā*, 432. *Anwāri Suhaili*, by Husain ibn ʿAlī al-Wāʿiẓ, 358. Aorists, use of, 19, 20, 63, 115, 258, 307. Āpadeva, *Mīmāṁsānyāyaprakāça*, 474. Aparārka, commentator on *Yājñavalkya Smṛti*, 447. Āpastamba, 469, n. 2; see *Āpastamba Dharmasūtra*. Aphrodisiacs, 505. Āpiçali, ancient grammarian, 423. Apollonius of Tyana, xxii, n. 8. Apollonius of Perga, Greek mathematician (*c.* 225 B. C.; Heath, *Hist.* ii. 126; Apollonius of Perga, 1896), 527. Apollonios Rhodios, Alexandrian poet (3rd cent. B. C.), author of *Argonautika*, 325, n. 1, 348, 349, 350. Appayya Dīkṣita, polymath, 481; *Kuvalayānanda*, 396. Apsarases, as types of beauty, 57. Āptas, perfect men of Jainism, 240. Apuleius, xi; *Metamorphoses*, 367. Arab rule, mediates between civilizations of west and east, 360. Arabians, connexion with India, 507, 511, 523, 527, 528, 534. *Arabian Nights*, 360, 361. Arabic alchemy, 512, n. 1. Arabic numerals, xxiii, xxiv. Arabic terms in Sanskrit, 25. Archery, treatises on, 464. Archilochos, 352, 355. Architecture, treatises on, xx, 464, 465. Ārdradeva, father of Haricandra, 143, n. 2. Ares and Aphrodite, amour of, 337. Arhaddāsa, 295. Arhat, ideal of an, 61. Arikesarin, Cālukya king, 333. Arisiṅha, *Kāvyakalpalatā*, 397, 398; *Sukṛtasaṁkīrtana*, 173. Aristeides, *Milesiaka* (not *Ephesiaka*), xi, 367, 368. Aristotle, xxi, 194, 361; *Politics* of, xviii. Arjuna, hero, 109. Arjuna Kārtavīrya, and Rāvaṇa, strife of, 133. Ārjunarāvaṇīya, by Bhaumaka, 133. Arjunavarman, king, 53, n. 2; comments on *Amaruçataka*, 183. Arnold, Matthew, 348, n. 2.

c36.4

*Ars amatoria*, of Ovid, 350. Artistic parallels of Açvaghoṣa's epics, 63, n. 3. Āryabhaṭa I, astronomer, 75, 411, 519, 521, 522, 523, 527. Āryabhaṭa II, *Ārya Siddhānta*, 522. Ārya Deva, *Catuḥçatikā*, 71. Ārya Çūra, ix, 67–70. Ārya Saṅghasena, teacher of Guṇavṛddhi, 283. Aryan speeches, 3. Āryāvarta, region of, defined, 11. Āçādhara, *Dharmāmṛta*, 497. Āçmarathya, authority on ritual (MS. vi. 5. 16), and on philosophy (BS. i. 2. 29; 4. 20), 475. Açoka, emperor, xxv, xxvi, 162, 163. Açoka, tree, 343. Açokan dialects, xxv, 11. Açokan inscriptions, 27, 28. Açvaghoṣa, poet, viii, ix, xvi, xxiii, 12, 18, 31, 39, n. 3, 45, 51, 54, 55–64, 80, 91, 126, 224, 433, 440, 450, 469, 483, 493, 495. Açvaghoṣarāja, king, not identical with Açvaghoṣa, 55. Açvinīkumāra, *Rasaratnasamuccaya*, 512. Asahāya, commentary on *Nārada Smṛti*, 445. Asaṅga, Buddhist philosopher, *Mahāyānasūtrālaṁkāra*, viii, 73, 77, 495. Ascetic life, Buddhist and Christian legends of, 504. Ass in lion's skin, *motif*, 355. Ass without heart and ears, *motif*, 357. Assam, king of, pays homage to Harṣa, 318. Assamese, source of, 32. Assonance (*yamaka*), 135, 141, 197, 198, 201, 212, 313, 369, 373, 378, 384, 385. Astrologers, satire of, 238. Astrology, 75, 528–35. Astronomy, 75, 516–23. Asuras, Bṛhaspati as teacher of the, 499. Āsuri, Sāṁkhya teacher, 488. Athens, role of hetairai in, 52. Atomism, 483–7. Ātreya, authority on medicine, xxiii, 505, 506, 507. Ātreya, ritual authority, 475. *Aucassin et Nicolette*, style of, 70, n. 2. Auḍulomi, philosopher, 475. Austroasiatic influences on Indian culture, Przyluski's theory of, 4, n. 2. Austroasiatic origin of the Svayaṁvara, xi, 361, n. 1. Autumn, description of, 84, 110, 120. Avalokita, teacher of Vāgbhaṭa I, 510. Avalokiteçvara (from *Avalokita-svara* contaminated with *lokeçvara* acc. to Mironov, JRAS. 1927, pp. 241–52), 222.

c36.5

Avantī, Bhūtabhāṣā in, 386. Avantivarman, king of Kashmir, 133, 134, 164. Avantisundarī, wife of Rājaçekhara, and authority on poetics, 205, n. 1, 342. Ayodhyā, city, 96, 120; forlorn condition of, described by Vālmīki, 43. Azulis, 369.

c36.6

Babrios, Greek fable writer, 352. Babylonian influence on Indian astrology, 528. Bādarāyaṇa, author of *Brahma Sūtra*, xxi, 458, 475, 477. Bāhaṭa, variant of Vāgbhaṭa, 510. Bāhudantīputra, authority on Arthaçāstra, 451, 457. Bakhshālī MS., mathematics in, 524, 525. *Bakchai*, by Euripides, religious feeling in the, 194. Balabhadra, brother of Govardhana, 202. Balabhadra, brother of Kṛṣṇa, 162. Bālāditya, Gupta of Magadha, 74. Bālāditya, king of Kashmir, 163. Bālambhaṭṭa Vaidyanātha, commentator on *Yājñavalkya Smṛti*, 447. Balarāma, hero, 85. Bald-headed man and fly, motif, 355. Baldo, *Novus Esopus*, 359. Ballālasena, *Adbhutasāgara*, 534. Ballālasena, *Bhojaprabandha*, 293, 344, n. 3. Bali, binding of, by Viṣṇu, 45. Bāli (Vāla, Vālin), foe of Rāma, 120. Bāṇa, poet, xiii, xxii, 19, 50, 53, 60, 77, 97, n. 3, 132, 135, 138, 139, n. 3, 150, 152, 159, 165, 169, 173, 201, 202, 205, 210, 213, 214, 225, 266, 267, 297, 299, 307, 331, 333, 336, 339, 343, 345, 347, 349, 365, 369, 376, 381, 412, 445, 461. Barlaam and Josaphat, legend of, 501, 502. Bartering of statues, by the Mauryas, 428, 453, n. 1. Beast fable, 39, 242–65. Bell-Māgha, 130. Bellerophon, Homeric hero, 362, n. 4. Bengālī, source of, 32. Betel and coco-palms of Kaliṅga, 80. Bhādānakas, speech of, 386. Bhagala, Phegelas, 426. Bhallaṭa, *Çataka*, 231, 232. Bhāmaha, xvi, 14, 32, 101, n. 1, 116, 297, 309, n. 1, 338, 340, 373, 374, 375, 376, 378, 381, 382, 383, 385, 389, 392, 411, n. 1, 416, 433. Bhaṇḍi, Harṣa's friend, 317. Bhānudatta, *Rasamañjarī* and *Rasataraṅgiṇī*, 398. Bhāradvāja, alleged authority on Arthaçāstra, 457. Bhāradvāja, *see* Uddyotakara. Bharata, 132; *see Nāṭyaçāstra*. Bhāratacandra, *Vidyāsundara*, 188. Bhāratan epic, known to Kumāralāta, 56. Bhāratītīrtha, part author of *Pañcadaçī*, 477. Bhāravi, *Kirātārjunīya*, xvi, xvii, 9, 39, 87, n. 2, 89, 90, 97, n. 1, 101, n. 1, 108, n. 1, 109–16, 121, n. 1, 122, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, 140, 141, 165, 208, 209, 262, 307, 339, 345, 347, 416, 451. Bharhut, monumental evidence of fable, 243; sculptures, 352, 364. Bhartṛhari, 116, 117, 183, 184, 232, 347, 428, 429, 431. Bhartṛmeṇṭha, 132, 133. Bhartṛ-Prapañca, philosopher, 475, n. 3. Bharvu, preceptor of Bāṇa, 330. Bhāsa, dramatist, xii–xvi, 11, 80, 173, 268, 271, 307, 316, 336, 372, 386, n. 2, 451, 461. Bhāskara, astronomer, 409, 525, 527. Bhaṭṭākalaṅkadeva, *Karṇāṭakaçabdānuçāsana*, 436, n. 5. Bhaṭṭāra Haricandra, 300. Bhaṭṭi, poet, 18, 87, n. 2, 116–19, 123, 128, 178, 373, 375, 398. Bhaṭṭiprolu inscriptions, 27. Bhaṭṭoji Dīkṣita, *Prakriyākaumudī*, 430. Bhaṭṭotpala, comm. on Varāhamihira, 416, 531, 534. Bhaumaka, poet, 18, 133. Bhāva, protégé of Nāgarāja, 234. Bhavabhūti, 53, n. 2, 132, 381, 416, 462, 463, 469. Bhāva Miçra, *Bhāvaprakāça*, 511. Bhāvaviveka, comm. on Nāgārjuna, 495. Bhayabhañjanaçarman, *Ramalarahasya*, 535. Bheḍa, Bhela, authority on medicine, 505, 508, 509. Bhikṣācara, grandson of Harṣa, 159. Bhillamalla, 522. Bhillas, 285. Bhīma, poet, 133. Bhīmapāla of Bengal, patron of Sureçvara, 512. Bhīmaratha, legend of, 46. Bhīṣma, hero, 125. Bhoja, king and polymath or patron, xiv, xvi, n. 5, 53, 153, 292, 297, 336, 393, 395, 464, 465, 481, n. 4, 489, 491, 527; *see also* Bhojarāja. Bhoja, prince of Kashmir, 160, 169. Bhojadeva, of Kindubilva, 190. Bhojarāja, recension of *Cāṇakyanīti*, 228. Bhūma, Bhūmaka, Bhaumaka, *Rāvaṇārjunīya*, 133. Bhūṣaṇa Bhaṭṭa, rather Pulina, son of Bāṇa, 314. Bihārī, source of, 32.

c36.7

Bihārī Lāl, *Sat'saī*, 202. Bilhaṇa, poet, xxvii, 14, 51, 108, n. 1, 131, 153–8, 165, 169, 173, 188–90, 232. Bion, 370. Bismarck, German statesman, 459. *Black Yajurveda*, 438. Boccaccio, *L'Ameto*, style of, 70, n. 2. Bodhāyana, philosopher, 478. Bodhisattva ideal, 72, 491, 492. Boethius, style of, 70, n. 2. Bombast, of Gauḍa style, 212. Boro Bodur artists, 492. Borrowing, by poets, 341, 342. Bower MS., 507, 509, 510, 535; language of, 23. Bṛhaspati Cippaṭa, 134, 164. Brahmagupta, astrologer, 411, 521, 522, 524, 526, 527. Brahman, god, 99, 154, 301. Brahmanical gods, attacked, 240. Brahmāvarta, country, 85. Brahmin, kinds of, 228. Bran, Irish king, legend of, 354. Brother’s life *versus* husband's, motif, 355. Būd, Syriac *Kalila und Dimna* (ed. and trs. F. Schulthess, Berlin, 1911), 357. Buddha, 159, 222. Buddha Bhaṭṭa, *Ratnaparīkṣā*, 465. Buddha biography, 492. Buddhaghoṣa, Buddhist philosopher, 362, 436. Buddhaghoṣācārya, *Padyacūḍāmaṇi*, 143. Buddhāpālita, comm. on Nāgārjuna, 495. Buddhism, Buddhists, 63, 64, 148, 159, 243, 249, 270, 285, 301, 315, 346, 443, 450, 471, 474, 488, 490, 491–6, 499, 500. Buddhist Tantras, 496. Budhasvāmin, *Bṛhatkathāçlokasaṃgraha*, 271, 272–5. Burns, Robert, refashions popular songs, 224. Burzōe, Pahlavi translation of the *Pañcatantra*, xxvii, n. 1, 357.

c36.8

Caesuras, 90, 108, 417. Caitanya, 219. Cakora, bird, 341, 343. Cakrapāṇi, continues *Daçakumāracarita*, 297, n. 3. Cakrapāṇidatta, comm. on Suçruta, 507. Cakravāka, bird, 343. Calderón, Chinese parallels to, 504. Cambodia, 507; Sanskrit inscriptions of, 16. Campā, Sanskrit inscriptions in, 16. Cāṇakya (possibly Cāṇikya), xvii, 461, 462, 505; see also *Kauṭilīya Arthaçāstra*. Caṇḍa, *Prākṛtalakṣaṇa*, 433. Caṇḍāla maidens, intercourse with, in Buddhist Tantric ritual, 496. Caṇḍaladevi, Rājput princess, 155. Caṇḍālas, depressed condition of the, in Gupta times, 75, 99. Caṇḍamāri-devatā, 333. Caṇḍeçvara, *Smṛtiratnākara*, 448. Caṇḍī, goddess, 135. Candra, *Cāndra Vyākaraṇa*, 431, 432. Candrāditya, king, 205, n. 1. Candrakīrti, commentator on Nāgārjuna, 493. Candragomin, *Çiṣyalekhadharmakāvya*, 71, 72. Candragopin, 72. Candragupta I, 74, 78. Candragupta II, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81. Candragupta Maurya, 228, 294, 459. Candragupta, poet, 339. Candralekhā, princess, 188. Candrāpīḍa, hero of the *Kādambarī*, 321. Candraṭa, revises text of Suçruta, 507. Caṅgadeva, grandson of Bhāskara, 524. Caṇpaka, father of Kalhaṇa, 158. Capalā, form of Āryā, 418. Caraka, medical authority, xxiii, 13, 461, 486, 488, n. 2, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 513, n. 2, 514. Cārāyaṇa, authority on erotics, 468. Cardonne, translation of Turkish *Humāyūn Nāmeh*, 358. Cāritrasundara Gaṇin, 143. Cariyāpiṭaka, 68. Carmaṇvatī, river, 85. Cārvākas, 499. Cases, use of, 21. Caṣṭana, Kṣatrapa, of Ujjayinī, 49. Castles in the air, 362. Cat and the candle, legend of, 364. Cat and mice, fable of, 242. Cātaka, bird, 343. Catullus, 194, 345; *Attis*, 26, n. 1. Caura, Cora, poet, 188. Celsus, osteology of, 514. Cerebralization, 27; perhaps due to Dravidian influence, 5. Cetasiṅha, oppressed by Warren Hastings, 337. Character and extent of the use of Sanskrit, 8–17. Characteristics and development of Sanskrit in literature, 17–26. Characteristics of Old Prākrits, 29, 30. Characteristics of the Çāstras, 406–11. Characterization, 325. Charadrios, legend of, 356. Chares of Mytilene, 366. Charioteer, discusses etymology with a grammarian, 10. Charition, farce as to adventures of, x. Chavillākara, Kashmirian historian, 162. Children’s diseases, treatise on, 509.

c36.9

China, Chinese, 75, 492, 493, 494, 495, 527, 528. Christian influence on religion, 480. Christian Fathers, xxi. Christian legends, and Buddhist, 502-4. Christophoros, legend of, 502. Chronology, lack of, 155. Chuang Tse, parallel of his thoughts with Calderón's, 504. Cidambara, *Rāghavapāṇḍavīyayādavīya*, 138. Cintāmaṇi Bhaṭṭa, *Çukasaptati*, 291. Citrakūṭa, mountain, 43. Clearness of sense (*prasāda*), 50, 374, 377. Cippaṭa Jayāpīḍa, 134, 164. Circe, Indian parallel to, 363. Classification of figures of speech, 398. Claudian, Roman poet, 169, n. 2. Coin, legends in Prākrit, 16. Colas, 154, 155. Colonies of Indians, 386. Compounds, case of, 97, 311, 313, 326, 327, 331, 379, 381, 384, 390, 391. Confusion of gender, 23. Confusion of similars (*parivṛtti*), 380. Consonants, as affecting style, 390. Constant du Hamel, legend of, 364. Constantine, makes Sunday a day of rest, 531. Contrast by dissimilitude (*vyatireka*), 213, 374, 380, 399. Cookery, 512. Cool season, description of, 84. Corroboration (*arthāntaranyāsa*), 106, 374, 380. Crusades, effect of, 360. Cubomancy, treatises on, 535. Cyclic quadrilaterals, 526.

c36.10

Dākṣī, mother of Pāṇini, 425. Dakṣiṇāvartanātha, commentator, 81, 87. Ḍallana, comm. on Suçruta, 507. Damaskios, neo-Platonist and director of the Athenian school (A. D. 510), 525. Damayantī and Nala, tale of, 140, 141. Dāmaras, of Kashmir, 159, 160. Dāmodara, great-grandfather of Daṇḍin, xvi. Dāmodara, of Dīrghaghoṣa family, *Vāṇībhūṣaṇa*, 417. Dāmodara, son of Lakṣmīdhara, *Saṁgītadarpaṇa*, 466. Dāmodaragupta, *Kuṭṭanīmata*, 236, 237. Damanaka, 249, 250. Danae, motif, 284. Daṇḍin, xvi, xvii, n. 6, 19, 31, n. 1, 32, 49, 59, 60, 92, 101, 116, 266, 268, 271, 296-330, 308, 326, 338, 340, 362, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 389, 461, 462. Dardic branch of Indian race, 33. Dardura hills, 94. Daçapura, city, 85; panegyric of, 79; *Bhūtabhāṣā* in, 386. Daçārṇa, country, 85. Dative, usages with, 18. Dattaka, of Pāṭaliputra, authority on erotics, 468. Dattaka Sarvāçraya, father of Māgha, 124. Defects in poetry (*doṣa*), 374. Deinias and Kymbas, 369. Demokritos, Greek philosopher, 356. Deodars of the Himālayas, 80. Derivative forms of the *Pañcatantra*, 259-63. Deva, *Daiva*, 430. Devadatta, version of *Çukasaptati*, 292. Devāditya, father of Trivikrama Bhaṭṭa, 332. Devaṇṇa Bhaṭṭa, *Smṛticandrikā*, 448. Devaprabha Sūri, 143. Devasmitā, legend of, 284, 364. Devasvāmin, astrologer, 530. Dhanaṁjaya, *Daçarūpa*, 266. Dhanaṁjaya, *Nāmamālā*, 414. Dhanaṁjaya Çrutakīrti, 137. Dhanapāla, *Tilakamañjarī*, 272, 331; *Pāiyalacchī*, 415. Dhanurveda, works on, 364. Dhanvantari, author of a medical glossary, 96, 414. Dharmadāsa, imitates Bāṇa, 327. Dharmakīrti, philosopher, xxii, 308. Dharmanātha, a Tīrthakara, 143. Dharmarāja, *Vedāntaparibhāṣā*, 478. Dhavalacandra, patron of Nārāyaṇa, 263. Dhvī, poet, *Pavanadūta*, 53, 86, 190, 219, n. 1, 220. Dhvanikāra, 393, 396. Dialects in Sanskrit, 4. Dialects of the Açokan inscriptions, 27, 28. Dialogue in Kalhaṇa, 169. Didactic fable, 242-65. Didactic tale, 293-5. Digambara Jain monk, 301. Digambaras, 28. Dignāga, philosopher, xxi, xxii, 81, 107, 484, 485. Digvijaya, of Raghu, 93. Dilīpa, father of Raghu, 93. Dio Cassius, 531. Dio Chrysostomos, 370, 371. Diophantos, astronomer, (c. A.D. 250-75; Heath, *Diophantus of Alexandria*, 2nd. ed. 1910), 525. Dīpaṁkara, *Açvavaidyaka*, 465. *Directorium vitae humanae*, see *Liber Kelilae et Dimnae*, 358. Direct speech, love of, 244, 245. Disadvantages of poetic form in Çāstras 411. Divākaramitra, a Buddhist sage, 318. Divodāsa, king of Benares, 507.

c36.11

Doctors, satire against, 238. Dog flesh, eating of, in Buddhist Tantra ritual, 496. Doni, *La Moral Filosophia del Doni* and *Trattati diversi di Sendebar Indiano filosofho morale* (Venice, 1552), 358. *Double entendre*, 7, 8, 21, 97; 127, 141, 152, 211, 215, 216, 257, 311, 316, 326, 345, 491. Doubling of consonants, forbidden in passionate speech, 9. Dṛḍhabala, reponsible for recension of *Caraka Saṃhitā*, xxiii, n. 3, 506. Drama, 10, 11, 376, 416. Dramiḍācārya, philosopher, 478. Draviḍas, musical recitation of, 386. Dravidian influence on Sanskrit, 4, 22. Dravidian words borrowed, 474. Dubois, Abbé, *Le Pantchatantra ou les cinq ruses*, 262. Duration of gestation, 502, n. 3. Durgasiṃha, *Vṛtti* on *Kātantra*, 431. Durlabharāja, *Samudratilaka*, 534. Durlabhavardhana, king of Kashmir, 163. Durvinīta, of Koṅgani, alleged commentary on *Kirātārjunīya*, xvii. Dyā Dviveda, *Nītimañjarī*, 239.

c36.12

Eagle and tortoise, fable of, 355. Eastern Hindī, source of, 32. Eastern Prākrit, 27, 28. Eastern school of Prākrit grammarians, 33, 433, 434. Egypt, possible influence on India, 367, n. 1, 517; account-keeping in, xxiv, n. 1. Elephant flesh, eating of, in Buddhist Tantric ritual, 496. Elevation (*udārata*, *udāratva*), 374, 377, 390. Elixirs, 511. Elks in Black Forest (Caesar, *De Bello Gallico*, vi. 27), 356. Emboxing of stories within stories, 244, 245, 255, 258, 319, 320, 367, n. 1. Emotion (*bhāva*), 63, n. 3, 92, 373. Encyclopaedic learning, characteristic of Kāvya writers, 348. English, as a vernacular, xxvi. Entering another's body, *motif*, 343. Epanthem, 523. Ephesos, story-tellers of, 367. Epic, 12, 13, 46, 47, 93; see also *Mahābhārata* and *Rāmāyaṇa*. Epics, as aristocratic literature, 13. Epigrammatic style, characteristic of Flavians and Kāvya, 348, 349. Epigrams, 208, 209. Equal pairing (*tulyayogitā*), 213, 380, 399. Erasistratos, Greek physician, 514. Étienne of Bourbon, 362. Etymology, 212. *Euphues*, by Lyly, 370. Euripides, Greek tragedian (480–406 B.C.), 195. Exaggeration, 97, 212. Exhaustive statement (*parisaṁkhyā*), 313. Explicitness of sense (*arthavyakti*), 50, 374, 390. Expression of pleasure (*preyas*), 380, 382, 389. Extempore verse, 80, 344. Eye-washes and salves, treatise on, 509.

c36.13

Fables, x, xi, 242–65. Fa-hien, Chinese traveller, 75, 99. Fairy tales, 39, 40, 266–93. False ascetics, *motif*, 343. Farce, Charition's adventures, x. Fate, 167. Feminine forms of certain words, 10. Figures (*alaṁkāra*), 105, 106, 351, 379, 380, 381, 382, 385, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396. Firdausi, 366. Firenzuola, Agnolo, *Discorsi degli animali ragionanti tra loro* (1568), 358. Firmicus Maternus, astrologer, 530. Flying birds, *motif*, 363. Flying machines, Yavanas experts in, 279. Fools, tales of, 283. Force (*ojas*), quality of style, 50, 327, 374, 378, 379, 381, 390. Foreign invasions, alleged effect of, on development of the Kāvya, 39, 48, 49. Fox and eagle, fable of, 355. Fox and raven, fable of, 354. Frog hymn of *Ṛgveda*, 242. Frog maiden, legend of, 489. Future middle, in Classical Sanskrit, 6.

c36.14

Gadādhara, comm. on Raghunātha Çiromaṇi's *Dīdhiti*, 485. Gadādhara, father of Vaṅgasena, 511. Galland, *Les contes et fables indiennes de Bidpaï et de Lokman* (Paris, 1774), 358. Gaṇa, *Açvāyurveda*, 465. Gaṇeça, *Grahalāghava*, 523. Gandhāra, 369, n. 1, 370, 371. Gandharva, 94, 95, 110, 219, n. 1. Gaṅgādatta, poet, 221. Gaṅgādhara, poet, defeated by Bilhaṇa, 153. Gaṅgeça, *Tattvacintāmaṇi*, 408, 484, 485. Garga, astrologer, 528, 532, 535. Gargacandra, of Lahara, 159. Gārgya, ancient grammarian, 422. Garlic, treatise on, in Bower MS. of, 509. Gauraçiras, authority on Rājaçāstra, 450. Gauḍa, Gauḍīyā, style (*mārga*, *rīti*), 59, 60, 121, n. 1, 131, n. 2, 150, 212, 310, 316, 377, 378, 379, 381, 384, 395.

c36.15

Gauḍapāda, author of *Kārikās*, 475, 476.

c36.16

Gauḍapāda, comm. on *Sāṁkhya Kārikā*, 488, 489.

c36.17

Gauḍas, defective in Prākrit, 385.

c36.18

Gaurī, Tantric worship of, 263.

c36.19

Gayadāsa, comm. on Suçruta, 507.

c36.20

Genitive, uses of, 18.

c36.21

Geography, 529.

c36.22

Geomancy, borrowed by India from Persia, 535.

c36.23

Gerund, forms mixed in epic and Kāvya, 20; simplified in Classical Sanskrit, 6; uses of, 258.

c36.24

Gerundives, extended use of, in classical Sanskrit, 6.

c36.25

*Gesta Romanorum*, 363.

c36.26

Ghaṭakarpara, 76.

c36.27

Ghoṭamukha, authority on erotics, 468.

c36.28

Gipsies, as intermediaries of tales, 360.

c36.29

Girnar Inscription of Rudradāman, 48, 50.

c36.30

Gnomic verse, 46, 47, 225, 227–36.

c36.31

Gnostics, Indian influence on, 500, 501.

c36.32

God, in Nyāya-Vaiçeṣika, 482, n. 2, 483, 484, 485.

c36.33

Goethe, appreciates Indian poetry, 82, 191.

c36.34

Golden Seventy verses, by Vindhyavāsa, 488.

c36.35

Goldsmiths, satire of, 240.

c36.36

Gomukha, minister of Naravāhanadatta, 271.

c36.37

Gonanda, name of kings of Kashmir, 162, 163.

c36.38

Gonardīya, authority on erotics, 468.

c36.39

Gonardīya, grammarian, 427.

c36.40

Goṇikāputra, authority on erotics, 468, 469.

c36.41

Goṇikāputra, grammarian, 427.

c36.42

Gopāla, legend of, 272.

c36.43

Gopīnātha, revises *Daçakumāracarita*, 297, n. 3.

c36.44

Gospel narratives, Buddhist parallels, 502–4.

c36.45

Gottfried of Strassburg, *Tristan und Isolde*, 359.

c36.46

Govardhana, poet, 53, 190, 192, 202, 223, 266, 327.

c36.47

Govinda, teacher of Çaṅkara, 476.

c36.48

Govindacandra, of Kanauj, 448.

c36.49

Govindarāja, commentary on *Manu*, 445.

c36.50

Grahavarman, Maukhari king, 317.

c36.51

Grammarians, influence of, on development of language, 4, 5.

c36.52

Grammatical Kāvya, 63, 64.

c36.53

Grateful dolphin, *motif*, 357.

c36.54

Greedy jackal, tale of, 362.

c36.55

Greek fable literature, 352–7.

c36.56

Greek influence, 47, 75, 80, 145, 438, 460, 513–15, 518, 519, 520, 525–8, 530, 531.

c36.57

Greek medicine, influence on India, 513–15.

c36.58

Greek renderings of Indian names, 16.

c36.59

Greeks, 39.

c36.60

Grierson, Sir George, theory of Māhārāṣṭra Apabhraṁça, 35.

c36.61

Guha, destroyer of Tāraka, 213.

c36.62

Guhasena, of Valabhī (A. D. 559–69), uses Apabhraṁça, 32.

c36.63

Guhyakas, mountain sprites, 110.

c36.64

Gujarātī, 261.

c36.65

Gūjars, in United Provinces, 33.

c36.66

Gulistān, style of, 70, n. 2.

c36.67

Gumānī, *Upadeçaçataka*, 234.

c36.68

Guṇabhadra, *Uttarapurāṇa*, 336.

c36.69

Guṇacandra, *Nāṭyadarpaṇa*, xv.

c36.70

Guṇāḍhya, *Bṛhatkathā*, 28, 40, 246, 262, 266–87, 300, 307, 319, 320.

c36.71

Guṇaratna, Buddhist philosopher, 486.

c36.72

Guṇavṛddhi, translator, 283.

c36.73

Gupta dynasty, Sanskrit flourishes under, 15, 74–7, 520.

c36.74

Gurjara, Gūrjara, 24, 32, 33, 34, 151, 152, 223.

c36.75

Hāla, *Sattasaī*, 25, nn. 4, 5, 40, 54, 187, 202, 223–5, 226, 434.

c36.76

Halāyudha, *Brāhmaṇasarvasva*, 448; poet, 207.

c36.77

Halāyudha, poet and grammarian, 18, 133; *Abhidhānaratnamālā*, 414; comm. on *Chandassūtra*, 416, n. 1.

c36.78

Haṁsa, bird, 343.

c36.79

Haradatta, a merchant, 291.

c36.80

Haradatta, *Padamañjarī*, 209.

c36.81

Haradatta Sūri, *Rāghavanaiṣadhīya*, 138.

c36.82

Harasiṁhadeva, patron of Caṇḍeçvara, 448.

c36.83

Haribhadra, Jain philosopher, 497, 499; date of, xxi, xxii.

c36.84

Haricandra Bhaṭṭāra, prose author, 300, 339.

c36.85

Haricandra, *Dharmaçarmābhyudaya*, 143, 336.

c36.86

Haricandra, *Jīvandharacampū*, 336.

c36.87

Harihara, patron of Irugapa, 414.

c36.88

Harinārāyaṇa, of Mithilā, 449.

c36.89

Hariṣeṇa, panegyrist of Samudragupta, 76, 77, 78, 98, 300, 332.

c36.90

Hārīta, authority on medicine, 505, 509.

c36.91

Harṣa, king of Kanauj, xxviii, 53, 77, 124, 134, 150, n. 2, 201, 211, 214, 215, 232, 237, 297, 308, 314, 316–19, 339, 342, 347, 395.

c36.92

Harṣa, king of Kashmir, 233, 234.

c36.93

Harṣadeva, *Liṅgānuçāsana*, 433; *see* Harṣa, king of Kanauj.

c36.94

Harṣakīrti Sūri, *Jyotiṣasāroddhāra*, 534.

c36.95

Harsh sounds, 311, 312.

c36.96

Hastipaka, 132.

c36.97

Hāthīgumphā inscription of Khāravela, 41.

c36.98

Hegelian theory of the State, 456.

c36.99

Heinrich Seuse, *Büchlein der Ewigen Weisheit*, 363. Hekataios of Miletos, 145, n. 1. Helārāja, Kashmirian historian, 162. Helen, legend of, xi, n. 4. Heliodoros, 368. Hemacandra, Jain polymath, 32, 34, 35, 131, 142, 143, 172, 208, 226, 241, 269, 290, 294, 361, 384, 414, 415, 416, 430, 434, 435, 464, 484, 497. Hemādri, *Caturvargacintāmaṇi*, 448; *Çataçlokī*, 511. Hemavijaya, *Kathāratnākara*, 295, n. 5. Hepa, goddess in Mitanni, xxiv. Herodotos, Greek historian, 145, 352, 355, 356. Herophilos, Greek physician, 514. Hesiod, 352. Hetairai, 32, 52, 239, 300. Hexameter, 370, 371. Himālaya, mountain, 80, 88, 94. Hīnayāna school of Buddhism, 72. Hindī, language, 25; literature, 36. Hippokleides' marriage, 355. Hippokrates, Greek physician, 513. Hīra, father of Çrīharṣa, 139. *Historia Apollonii Tyrii*, 70, n. 2. Historians of philosophy, 499, 500. Historical method, lacking in Çāstras, 410. History, causes of weakness of Indians in scientific, 145-7. Hiuen Tsang, 14, 164, 315, 319, 425. Hobbes, 451. Hochsprache, xxv, xxvi. Homer, 352, 362, 368, 370. Homoioteleuton, 369. Horse-flesh, eating of, 496. Horse sacrifice, as sign of paramount power, 76. Human sacrifice, 151, 285, 289, 367. Humours, medical dictum of, 514. Huns, 74, 80, 81, 166, 223, 317, 492. Husain ibn ‘Alī al Wā’iz, *Anwāri Suhailī*, 358. Huşka, king of Kashmir, 163. Huviṣka, inscription of, 15, n. 1. Hypatia, astronomer, (A.D. 370-415; Heath, *Hist. of Greek Math.*, ii, 528), 525. Hyperbole (*atiçayokti*), 378, 399. Hyper-Sandhi, 23.

c36.100

Ideal of feminine beauty, continuity of, from Vedic times, 42, n. 1. Ikṣvāku, 93. *Iliad*, 13, 61, 366. Illustration, (*nidarçana*), 380, 399. Imperative mood, 115. Imperfect tense, 20, 115, 307. Impersonal passive, favourite construction, 90. Incest, as a motif, 294.

c36.101

India, known in Egypt, x. Indirect expression (*paryāyokta*), 380, 382, 396. Indra, god, 110, 111. Indra III, 332. Indragomin, grammarian, 431. Indrakīla, place of Arjuna's penance, 110. Indrāyudha, horse of Candrāpīḍa, 321. Indukara, father of Mādhavakara, 511. Indumatī, wife of Aja, 91, 94, 95. Inference, as opposed to suggestion, in poetry, 393. Infinitive, loss of varieties of, in Classical Sanskrit, 6. Inscription, use of Sanskrit in, 14, 15. Inscriptions, 311, 320, n. 1. Inspiration in poetry, 340. Instrumental, old usages with, 18. Inter-state relations, 454. Iron-eating mice, motif, 251, 352. Irugapa, *Nānārtharatnamālā*, 414. Īçvara, creator, 99, 100. Īçvarakṛṣṇa, philosopher, 77, 488, 489. Iṣṭarāma, brother of Bilhaṇa, 153. Isāpur inscription, 15, n. 1. Isis, goddess worshipped in India, x. Isolde, 356. I-tsing, Chinese pilgrim, 55, 72, 176, 177, 429.

c36.102

Jābāli, narrator of part of the *Kādambarī*, 320. Jackal and indigo vat, story of, 257. Jacob ben Eleazar, Hebrew version of the *Pañcatantra*, 358. Jagaddeva, *Svapnacintāmaṇi*, 534. Jagadīça, *Tarkāmṛta*, 486. Jagajjyotirmalla, comm. on *Narapatijayacaryā*, 534, n. 5. Jagannātha, *Bhāminīvilāsa*, 234; *Rasagaṅgādhara*, 396, 397. Jaimini, alleged author of *Mīmāṁsā Sūtra*, xxi, 458. Jains, 15, 148, 240, 241, 246, 261, 292, 294, 295, 301, 490, 499, 500, 501. Jain Stotras, 214, 215. Jaiyyaṭa, comm. on Suçruta, 507. Jalauka, son of Açoka, 163. Jalhaṇa, *Mugdhopadeça*, 239; *Subhāṣitamuktāvalī*, 222; *Somapālavilāsa*, 172. Jambhaladatta, version of *Vetālapañcaviṁçatikā*, 288. James of Vitry, 362. Janaka, king, 95, 120. Jātūkarṇa, authority on medicine, 509. Java, Kavi literature in, 16. Jayacandra, of Kanauj, 139. Jayadatta, *Açvavaidyaka*, 465. Jayadeva, *Gītagovinda*, 53, 190-8, 219, 327, 469. Jayadeva, dramatist, comm. on Gaṅgeça, 485; *Candrāloka*, 396.

c36.103

Jayadeva, *Ratimañjarī*, 469. Jayāditya, author of *Kāçikā Vṛtti*, 429, 430. Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, father of Abhinanda, 135; *Nyāyamañjarī*, 221, 484. Jayāpīḍa, king, 169, 236. Jayaratha, *Alaṃkāravimarçinī*, 173; *Haracaritacintāmaṇi*, 137, 266. Jayasirṅha, Cālukya prince, 154. Jayasiṅha, king of Kashmir, 136, 159, 160, 168. Jayasiṅha Siddharāja, patron of Hemacandra, 432. Jewish-Christian week, adopted in India, 531. Jews, intermediaries in civilization, 360. Jīmūtavāhana, hero, 285. Jīmūtavāhana (perhaps 12th. cent.), *Dāyabhāga*, 449. Jinakīrti, stories by, 295. Jinasena, *Harivaṅçapurāṇa*, 498. Jinasena, *Ādipurāṇa*, 498; *Pārçvābhyudaya*, 86. Jinendrabuddhi, *Nyāsa*, 124, 376, 413, 430. Jiṣṇu, of Bhillamalla, father of Brahmagupta, 522. Jīvaka, expert on children's disease, 506. Jīvaçarman, astrologer, 530 Jō-do-shū, sect, 494. Joel, Rabbi, Hebrew version of the *Pañcatantra*, 358. Jogīmārā inscription, 40. John of Capua, *Liber Kelilae et Dimnae*, 358. Jonarāja, of Kashmir, 173, 174, 223. Joseph and Potiphar, motif, 343. Julian, emperor, 356. Julius Valerius, style of, 70, n. 2. Jūmaranandin, revises comm. on *Saṃkṣiptasāra*, 432. Juṣka, king of Kashmir, 163. Juvenal, 351. Jyeṣṭhakalaça, father of Bilhaṇa, 153. Jyotirīçvara, *Pañcasāyaka*, 469.

c36.104

Kaccāyana, Pāli grammar, 436. Kādamba king, Kāmadeva, 137 Kādiri, version of the *Çukasaptati*, 359. Kaikeyī, wife of Daçaratha, 95. Kālakavana, eastern boundary of Āryāvarta, 11. Kālarātri, demon, 279. Kalaça, son of Sūryamatī, 281. Kalhaṇa, historian of Kashmir, 132, 152, 158-72, 223, 237, 281, 285, 339, 347, 349, 428, 431. Kālidāsa, x, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, 8, 20, 21, 30, 39, 43, 51, 54, 60, 76, 79-108, 109, 115, 116, 119, 123, 126, 131, 132, 135, 136, 140, 145, 149, 194, 199, 201, 205, n. 1, 209, 210, 218, 262, 307, 310, 316, 339, 340, 341, 344, 347, 372, 380, n. 1, 392, 413, 416, 429, 451, 462, 469. Kaliṅga, country, 93; betel and cocopalms of, 80. Kaliṅgasenā, hetaira, 271. Kallaṭa, *Spandakārikā*, 481. Kallimachos, Greek poet, 197, 348, 349, 353. Kalyāṇamalla, *Anaṅgaraṅga*, 470. Kāma, love god, 88, 92. Kāmadeva, Kādamba king, 137. Kāmadeva, king of Jaintia, patron of Kavirāja, xvii, n. 5. Kamalākara, *Nirṇayasindhu*, 449. Kamalavardhana, bad policy of, 168. Kāmandakī, nun, 263. Kāmandaki, *Nītisāra*, 462. Kāmapāla, king in *Daçakumāracarita*, 297. Kāmarūpa, elephants of, 94. Kāmbojas, Kambojas, people, 81, 441; their special speech uses, 10. *Kamikioi*, by Sophokles, 355. Kampana, (possibly from Latin campus), 170. Kāmyaka, forest, 109, 110. Kāṇabhūti, a Yakṣa, 266, 267. Kaṇāda, *Vaiçeṣika Sūtra*, 483, 485. Kanaka, uncle of Kalhaṇa, 158. Kanakamañjarī, Jain legend of, 361. Kanakasena Vādirāja, 142. Kanakhala, mount, 85. Kanarese, alleged use of, in Greek farce, x. Kaṇika, (? conn. with Cāṇikya, older form of Cāṇakya), lectures Dhṛtarāṣṭra, 451. Kaniṣka, Emperor, xxvii, xxviii, 18, 39, n. 2, 74, 163, 506, 507, n. 1. Kandarpaketu, hero of the *Vāsavadattā*, 309, 310. Kaṃsa, slaying of by Kṛṣṇa, 45. Kāntimati, mother of Rāmānuja, 478. Kapila, legendary founder of the Sāṃkhya, 488. Kapilabala, father of Dṛḍhabala, 506. Kapiñjala, friend of Puṇḍarīka, 321, 322, 323. Karaṭaka, 249, 250. Kārkoṭa dynasty, 163, 164. Karṇa, of Ḍāhala, 153. Karṇadeva Trailokyamalla, of Aṇhilvāḍ, 153. Karṇāṭas, speech of, 386. Karṇīsuta, authority on thieving, 300. Kārṣṇājini, authority on ritual, 475. Kācakṛtsna, philosopher, 475. Kāçyapa, authority on *Alaṃkāra*, 372. Kāçyapa, authority on medicine, 505. Kāçyapa, *Bālāvabodhana*, 432. Kāçyapa, *Dharmasūtra*, 439. Kashgar, MS. from, 509.

c36.105

Kashmir, 133, 134, 248, 284, 285; not home of Sanskrit, 17; sandal of, 80. Kashmirian *Bṛhatkathā*, 275, 276. Kashmirian pronunciation, 386. Kāṭhaka school, 438. Kātyāyana, grammarian, author of *Vārttikas*, xxvi, n. 1, 10, 17, 40, 308, 426, 427. Kātyāyana, lexicographer, *Nāmamālā*, 413. Kauṭalya, Kauṭilya, xvii; see *Kauṭilīya Arthaçāstra*. Kāverī, river, 94. Kavi, Kawi, speech and literature in Bali, 16, 463. Kavirāja, title, 76, 138, 139, n. 3, 307, 386. Kavirāja Sūri, *Rāghavapāṇḍavīya*, xvii, n. 5, 137, 138, 139. Kedāra Bhaṭṭa, *Vṛttaratnākara*, 417. Ke-gon, Buddhist sect, 494. Kerala, ladies of, 94. Keçava, father of Gaṇeça, 523. Keçava, father of Rāmānuja, 478. Keçava, father of Vopadeva, 511. Keçava Miçra, *Tarkabhāṣā*, 486. Keçavasvāmin, *Nānārthārṇavasaṁkṣepa*, 414. Khaṅkha, Kashmirian minister, 163. Khāravela, king, 40, n. 1, 41. Khazars, alleged identity with Gurjaras, 33, n. 3. King, position of the, 444, 447, 453, 454. Kings as poets and patrons, 52-4. Kinnaras, 321. Kirāta, Çiva as a, 111. Kiṣkindhā, forest, 90. *Kitāb el Sindbād*, 360. Kauṇapadanta, alleged authority on *Arthaçāstra*, 457. Kauravas, destroy Pāṇḍava army, 256, 257. Kauçāmbī, town, 29, n. 2, 268, 270. Kautsa, a Brahmin, 94. Koine, Prākrit, assumed, 35, n. 3. Kokkoka, *Ratirahasya*, 469. Kṛṣṇa, brother of Harṣavardhana, 314. Kṛṣṇa, god, 125, 126, 162, 191, 192, 210-17. Kṛṣṇa, king (A.D. 1247), 222. Kṛṣṇa III, Rāṣṭrakūta king, 133, 333. Kṛṣṇalīlāçuka, *Puruṣakāra*, 430. Kṛttikās, Pleiades, 89. Kramadīçvara, *Saṁkṣiptasāra*, 33, 432. Krauñca, mountain, 85. Kṣapaṇaka, lexicographer, 76. Kṣārapāṇi, authority on medicine, 509. Kṣatrapas, 268. Kṣatriyas, speech of, 8. Kṣemaṁkara, version of *Siṁhāsandvātriṁçikā*, 292. Kṣemarāja, comm. on *Çiva Sūtra*, 481. Kṣemendra, Kashmir polymath, x, 33, 135, 136, 159, 161, 208, 209, 237, 240, 262, 276-80, 281, 321, 397, 416, 469, 493. Kṣīrasvāmin, comm. on *Amarakoça*, 414. Kubera, god, 94. Kucumāra, authority on erotics, 468. Kulaçekhara, xiv, n. 1. Kulaçekhara, patron of Vāsudeva, 98. Kulaçekhara, *Mukundamālā*, 218. Kullūka, comm. on *Manu*, 445. Kumāra, war god, 89, 90. Kumāradāsa, king of Ceylon, 80. Kumāradāsa, *Jānakīharaṇa*, 89, 108, n. 1, 119-24, 209, 336. Kumāragupta, emperor, 74, 76, 80, 81, 94, n. 1. Kumāralāta, *Kalpanāmaṇḍitikā* or *Sūtrālaṁkāra*, viii-x, 55, 56, 69. Kumārapāla, king of Gujarāt, 143, 172. Kumārasvāmin, *Ratnāpaṇa*, 435. Kumārila, philosopher, xxi, 24, n. 2, 25, 438, 473, 474, 484, 497, 499. Kumbhakarṇa, a Rākṣasa, 117. Kuntala (*v. l.* Kuntaka), *Vakroktijīvita*, 392, 393. Kuntala Çātakarṇi Sātavāhana, kills his queen, 469. Kuntala, Sātavāhana of, 341. Kurukṣetra, Ābhīras in, 33. Kurus, tribe, 3. Kuçāvatī, city, 96. Kuṣaṇas (Kuṣanas), 145, 163, 166. Kusumadeva, *Dṛṣṭāntaçataka*, 234. Kusumapura, Pāṭaliputra, 521, 522. Kuvinda, of Çūrasena, 341.

c36.106

Laḍahacandra, poet, 204, 205. La Fontaine, *Fables*, 359. Lagrange, J. L., Comte, astronomer (1736-1813), 526. Lahndā (Lahndī), speech of the western Panjāb, 32, 33. Lakṣmaṇa, brother of Rāma, 96, 120. Lakṣmaṇa Ācārya, *Caṇḍīkucapañcāçikā*, 221. Lakṣmaṇa Bhaṭṭa, father of Rāmacandra, 139. Lakṣmaṇa Bhaṭṭa, *Rāmāyaṇacampū*, 336. Lakṣmaṇasena, king, 53, 190, 219, 222, 448. Lakṣmīdeva, father of Jalhaṇa, 222. Lakṣmīdevī, wife of Bālambhaṭṭa Vaidyanātha, 447. Lakṣmīdhara, *Ṣaḍbhāṣācandrikā*, 434, 435. Lakṣmīdhara, *Smṛtikalpataru*, 448. Lalitāditya, king, 54, 150, 168. Lalitasuredeva, poet, 150. Lalla, *Çiṣyadhīvṛddhitantra*, 522. Laṅkā, not Ceylon, 95, n. 1, 97.

c36.107

Laṅkeçvara or Rāvaṇa, as a Prākrit grammarian, 433, 434. Lāṭa, astronomer, 520. Lāṭa, description of, 79. Lāṭas, dislike Sanskrit, 385. Latin of Middle Ages, not a precise parallel to Sanskrit, 11, 13. Laugākṣi Bhāskara, *Arthasaṁgraha*, 474; *Tarkakaumudī*, 486. Laugh and cry motif, 343. Lauhityā, river, 94. Laukika era of Kashmir, 164. Lavaṇaprasāda, of Gujarāt, 173. Law, origin of works on, 404. Leon of Medina, 139. Lexicography, 406, 413–15. *Liber de Dina et Kalila*, by Raimundus de Biterris, 359. *Liber Kelilae et Dimnae, Directorium vitae humanae*, by John of Capua, 358. Licchavi princess, marries Candragupta, 74. Līlāvatī, capital of Kapphaṇa, 133. Līlāçuka, *Kṛṣṇakarṇāmṛta*, 218. Liṅga worship, 285. Lingual letters, as affecting style, 390. Lion and woodpecker, fable of, 355. Lively fancy (*utprekṣā*), 106, 312, 316, 375, 399. Livy, Roman historian (B.C. 59–17 A. D.), most unmilitary of historians, 169. Llewelyn and Gelert, legend of, 354. Loaves and fishes, Buddhist parallel to miracle of, 503. Logic, 482–7. Lohara dynasty of Kashmir, 164. Lokasena, continues *Uttarapurāṇa*, 498. Lokāyata, philosophy, 453, 472, 483, 498, 499, 500. Lokottaravādins, Buddhist school, 491. Lolimbarāja, *Harivilāsa*, 137; *Vaidyajīvana*, 511. Lollaṭa, writer on poetics, 387, n. 3. Longus, *Poimenika*, 370. Lothana, pretender in Kashmir, 160. Love, 324, 325. Loveliness, of style (*kānti*), 374, 377, 381, 390. Lucan, Roman poet (A. D. 39–65), 145, n. 3, 346, 347, 348, 349. Lucretius, Roman poet (*c.* 99–58 B. C.), 194, 345. Lukianos (*c.* A. D. 125–190), Λύκιος ἢ ὄνος, 368, n. 2. Lydia, as intermediary in transmission of fables, 353. Lykophron, Greek poet, 26. Lyly, *Euphues*, 370. Lyric poetry, 39, 40, 41, 42, 47, 48.

c36.108

Machiavelli, N., 455, 456. Madana, king of Ujjain, 267. Madanābhirāma, of Pañcāla, 188. Madanamañcukā, Madanamañjukā, 271. Madanapāla, *Madanavinodanighaṇṭu*, 512. Madanasena, son of Haradatta, 291. Mādhava, brother of Sāyaṇa, part author of, *Jīvanmuktiviveka*, 477; *Dhātuvṛtti*, 430; *Nyāyamālāvistara*, 474; *Pañcadaçī*, 477; *Parāçarasmṛtivyākhyā*, 447. Mādhava, *Çaṅkaradigvijaya*, 476. Mādhava, *Sarvadarçanasaṁgraha*, 499, 500. Mādhavakara, *Rugviniçcaya*, 511. Mādhava Bhaṭṭa, perhaps name of Kavirāja, 137. Madhusūdana Sarasvatī, *Prasthānabheda*, 467. Madhva, Ānandatīrtha, school of, 479. Madhyadeça, speech of, 386. Madhyamikā, city, 427. Märchen, 245, 246, 249, 257, 263. Magadhas, like Sanskrit, 385. Māgha, *Çiçupālavadha*, 18, 39, 87, n. 2, 89, 108, n. 1, 109, 115, 116, 119, 121, n. 1, 124–31, 133, 140, 141, 165, 208, 260, 263, 294, 336, 340, 345, 378, 384, 385, 430, 451, 469, 490. Magic powers, obtained by Yoga, 490, 491. Mahādeva, of Devagiri, patron of Vopadeva, 432. Mahākāla, shrine of, 85. Mahānāman, *Mahāvaṁsa*, 148. Mahārāṣṭra, lyric of, 60. Mahāsāṅghikas, school of Buddhism, 491. Mahāvīra, Jain sage, 143. Mahāvīra, mathematician, 524, 526. Mahāyāna, Buddhist philosophy, 55, 72, 73, 413, 492, 493. Mahāçvetā, lover of Puṇḍarīka, 321, 322, 323. Mahendra, 94. Mahendravikramavarman, dramatist, 53, n. 2. Maheçvara, *Viçvaprakāça*, 414. Mahiman Bhaṭṭa, *Vyaktiviveka*, 393. Mahiṣa, demon, 210. Mahmūd Ghazni, 164. Mahomedans, 164. Maitrakanyaka, legend of, 65, 66. Maitrāyaṇīya school, 438, 441. Maitreyarakṣita, *Dhātupradīpa*, 430. Makaranda, *Tithyādipattra*, 523. Māla, 85. Mālava, king of, defeated by Harṣa, 317, 319. Malaya hills, 94. Mallanāga, Malanāga, see Vātsyāyana. Mallārjuna, pretender in Kashmir, 160. Mallavādin, *Nyāyabinduṭīkāṭippanī*, 484.

c36.109.1

Mallinātha, commentator, 81, 83, 87, 417, n. 2, 435. Malliṣeṇa, *Syādvādamañjarī*, 497. Mālyavant, 266, 267. Mamma, battle of, with Utpala, 152. Mammaṭa, *Kāvyaprakāça*, xvii, 87, n. 5, 140, 141, 237, 373, 384, 387, 388, 390, 393, 394, 395, 396, 398. Man about town, characteristics of the, 51, 52. Mānasa, lake, 85. Mānatuṅga, *Bhaktāmarastotra*, 214. Mandākinī, river, described by Vālmīki, 43. Maṇḍana Miçra, works by, 474. Mandaradeva, a Vidyādhara, 279. Manetho, *Apotelesmata*, 531. Man-eating monster, Buddhist and Christian legend of, 502. Māṇikya Nandin, *Parīkṣāmukhasūtra*, 484. Māṇikya Sūri, *Yaçodharacaritra*, 142, 334, n. 1. Maṇittha (cf. Manetho), 530. Maṅkha, poet, 136, 137, 161, 172, 307, 339, 396, 414. Manners (*rīti*), of diction, 383, 384, 389, 391. Māra, legend of, 66, 502, 503. Marāṭhī literature. 36; language, 24, 90. Marco Polo, on devilries of Kashmir, 166. *Maria Stuart*, by Schiller, 86. Marīci, legend of, 302. Māridatta, legend of, 333, 334. Marie of France, 362. Mārkaṇḍeya, *Prākṛtasarvasva*, 33, 269, 434, 435. Martial, 127, n. 1, 310, 313, n. 1, 348; exiled from Rome, 56. Martianus Capella, style of, 70, n. 2. Marwar, Apabhraṅça loved in, 386. Mary, mother of Jesus, legends of, 502, 503, 504. Mas'ūdi, Arab geographer and historian (died Cairo, A. D. 956), 360, 527. Mātaṅga Divākara, poet, 201, 214. Mathematics, 75, 404, 408, 523–8. Mathurā school, uses Sanskrit, 15, n. 3. Mathurānātha, *Tattvacintāmaṇirahasya*, 485.

c36.109.2

Mātṛceṭa, perhaps identical with Açvaghoṣa, 64. Mātṛgupta, 132, 133, 163. Mauryas, use of images for profit, 428. Maya, astrologer, 530. Māyā, alleged Indian representative of Isis, x. Māyaṇa, son of Sāyaṇa, 500. Mayūra, poet, 152, 201, 202, 211, 315, 412. Māyurāja, royal dramatist, 53, n. 2. Mayūraka, a snake doctor, 315. Max Müller, theory of renaissance of Sanskrit, 35. Meat, eating of, in Tantric ritual, 482, 496. Mecca, known to *Kālacakra Tantra*, 496. Medhātithi, commentary on *Manu*, 445, 473. Medhātithi, i. e. Gautama, *Nyāyaçāstra*, xiii. Medhāvirudra, blind author, 119, n. 2. Medical dictionaries, 512. Medicine, 404, 408, 505–15. Medinīkara, *Anekārthaçabdakoça*, 414. Megasthenes, 459. Meghavāhana, king of Kashmir, 163. Meghavijaya, *Pañcākhyānoddhāra*, xii, 261. Menander, Greek comedian, 428. Meṇṭha, poet, 132, 133, 307, 339. Meru, mount, in astronomy, 520. Merutuṅga, comm. on *Rasādhyāya*, 512. Merutuṅga, *Prabandhacintāmaṇi*, 293, 344, n. 3. Mestra, legend of, 365. Metaphors, 43, 44, 61, 62, 78, 79, 106, 212, 350. *Metamorphoses*, by Apuleius, 367. *Metamorphoses*, by Ovid, 368. Methodological principles, recognized by Kauṭilya and Caraka, 461. Metonic period, adopted in *Romaka Siddhānta*, 518. Metre, 47, 48, 64, 92, 107, 108, 115, 118, 123, 124, 130, 131, 137, 141; forms of, 417–21; writers on, 415–17. Metrics, 405, 407, 415–17. Mihirakula, Hūṇa king, 163; *see the next*. Mihiragula, leader of the Hūṇas, 74. *Milesiaka*, by Aristeides, xi.

c36.109.3

Milhana, *Cikitsāmṛta*, 511. Mimalladevī, mother of Çrīharṣa, 139. Mimes, by Sophron, 367. Mīnarāja Yavanācārya, astrologer, 531. Mitanni influence on Aryans, xxiv. Mitra Miçra, *Vīramitrodaya*, 449. Mixed Sanskrit, 482, 492, 493, 495, 510. Mixture of languages, 398. Moggallāna, *Saddalakkhaṇa*, 436. Mongols, influence of, on transmission of tales, 360. Moriyas, identity of, 22, n. 2. Morphology, changes in, 5, 6. Moschos, Greek pastoral poet, 370. Moses Bassola, 139. Mothers, goddesses, 285. Mountains, Kālidāsa's love of, 88. Muhammad ibn Mūsā ab-Khowārizmī, mathematician at the court of al-Māmūn, died *c.* A. D. 840 (L. C. Karpinski, *Robert of Chester's Latin* *Translation of the Algebra of al-Khowarizmi*, 1915), 527. Mūka, demon in boar form, 111. Mūka, *Pañcaçatī*, 218. Mukta, servant of Harṣa, 158. Muktāphalaketu, Vidyādhara emperor, 278. Muktikalaça, great-grandfather of Bilhaṇa, 153. Mukula, father of Pratīhārendurāja, 383. Mūladeva, typical rogue, 238, 291. Mūlasarvāstivādins, Buddhist school, 491. Mummuṇirāja, of the Konkan, 336. Muṇḍā tribes, linguistic influence of, 4. Muñja, king, 53, n. 2. Muralā (*v. l.* Marulā), river, 94. Murāri, *Koça* ascribed to, 412. Music, works on (cf. also Nārada's *Saṁgītamakaranda*, GOS. 16), 465, 466. Mussolini, Italian dictator, 455.

c36.110

Nachshabī, *Tūtīnāmeh*, 359. Nāgadevī, mother of Bilhaṇa, 153. Nāgarāja, *Bhāvaçataka*, 234. Nāgarakas, 467. Nāgārjuna, Buddhist philosopher, 71, 72, 476. Nāgārjuna, *Yogaçataka* and *Yogasāra*, 511. Nāgārjuna, *Ratiçāstra*, 470. Nāgārjuna, *Rasaratnākara*, 512. Nāgas, mythical creatures, 134. Naghuṣa, for Nahuṣa, 25. Nāgojī Bhaṭṭa, comm. on Kaiyaṭa, 429; *Paribhāṣenduçekhara*, 431. Nairuktas, etymologists or expositors, 403. Nakṣatras, alleged Chinese origin of, 528. Nakula, *Açvacikitsita*, 465. Nala, hero, 295. Namisādhu, commentator on Rudraṭa, 384, n. 1. Nanda, legend of, 56, 57. Nandas, dynasty, 427, 458, 459. Nandikeçvara, authority on erotics, 469. Nandin, authority on *Kāmaçāstra*, 451. Nārada, as astrologer, 528. Nārada, *Bhaktiçāstra*, 480. Narahari, *Rājanighaṇṭu*, 512. Narahari, *Narapatijayacaryā Svarodaya*, 535. Narasiṁha, of Orissa, patron of Vidyādhara, 395. Naravāhanadatta, hero of *Bṛhatkathā*, 270, 271. Nārāyaṇa, *Hitopadeça*, 263-5. Nārāyaṇa, *Mātaṅgalīlā*, 465. Nārāyaṇa, *Svāhāsudhākaracampū*, 336. Nārāyaṇa, *Vṛttaratnākara*, 417, n. 4. Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭa, writes introduction to *Daçakumāracarita*, 297, n. 3. Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭa, *Mānameyodaya*, 474. Nārāyaṇa Paṇḍita, *Navaratnaparīkṣā*, 465. Navadvīpa, logical school of, 483, 485. Nāyaka Bhaṭṭa, 390, 391, 392. Negative with finite verb, 19. Nemāditya, father of Trivikrama, possibly = Devāditya, 332, n. 3. Neo-Platonists, Indian influence on, 500, 501. Nepalese *Pañcatantra*, 246, 262. Nestorian Christians, possible influence of, 479. Nicula, alleged poet and friend of Kālidāsa, 107. Nigel of Canterbury, 362. Nihilism, 472, 473. Nikodemos, legend of, 494. Nīlakaṇṭha, *Bhagavantabhāskara*, 449. Nīlakaṇṭha, *Tājika*, 534. Nīlanāga, 163. Nine Jewels of Vikramāditya, 76. Nirvindhyā, river, 85. Niçcayadatta, tale of, 363. Nityanātha, *Rasaratnākara*, 512. Nominal style, 20, 21, 258. Nominal use of gerundive, 265. North, taste of poets in the, 316. North, Thomas, *The Morall Philosophie of Doni*, 358. Northerners, uses of the, 10. North-western Prākrit, 27, 28. *Novus Esopus*, by Baldo, 359. Numerals, xxiii, xxiv, 527, 528. Numerical formulae, 228. Nuti, Giulio, *Del Governo de' regni* (Ferrara, 1583), 358. Nyāya philosophy, 499, 500, 507.

c36.111

Oath, of doctors, 513. Obedience of the wild creatures to the Christ Child, 503. Oḍayadeva, *Gadyacintāmaṇi*, 331. Odo of Sheriton, 362. *Odyssey*, 13, 61, 337, 367. Oknos and his ass, 354. Old Ardhamāgadhī, 28. Old Gujarātī, resembles Apabhraṁça, 35. Old Māgadhī, 28. Old Çaurasenī, 28. Old Syrian *Pañcatantra*, 246. Opium, medicinal use of, 511. Optative forms, reduced in classical Sanskrit, 6. Ordeal, fabricated in Tristan and Isolde, 291. Origin of Sanskrit, 3-7. Origin of the fable literature, 242-6. Origin of the Çāstras, 403-5. Oṛiyā, source of, 32.

c36.112

Ovid, Augustan poet, 194, 347, 350, 365, 368.

c36.113

Oxyrhynchus Papyri, x.

c36.114

Pādalipta, *Taraṅgavatī*, 34.

c36.115

Padmagupta, 201, n. 4.

c36.116

Padmanābhadatta, *Supadmavyākaraṇa*, 432.

c36.117

Padmamihira, Kashmirian historian, 161, 162.

c36.118

Padmapāda, *Pañcapādikā*, 477.

c36.119

Painting, Greek influence on Indian, 371.

c36.120

Painting, works on, 466.

c36.121

Pahlavas, 441.

c36.122

Pahlavi version of *Pañcatantra*, 246, 259.

c36.123

Paiṭhīnasi, *Dharmasūtra*, 439.

c36.124

Pakṣilasvāmin, *see* Vātsyāyana.

c36.125

Pālaka, legend of, 272.

c36.126

Pālakāpya, authority on veterinary science, 465.

c36.127

Palatal sibilant, as affecting style, 390.

c36.128

Pāli, language, 29, 69.

c36.129

Palms, mating of, 365.

c36.130

Palm-tree, homage of, to Mary, 503.

c36.131

Pāmpaka, 290, n. 1.

c36.132

Pañcāla, speech of, 386.

c36.133

Pāñcāla Bābhravya, authority on erotics, 468.

c36.134

Pañcarātra school of Vaiṣṇavism, 480.

c36.135

Pañcaçikha, Sāṁkhya authority, 488.

c36.136

Pāṇḍavas, 243, 257.

c36.137

Pāṇḍyas, pearls of, 94.

c36.138

Pāṇini, grammarian, xxv, 5, 7, 9, 10, 13, 17, 18, 20, 21, 40, 45, 339, 372, 406, 423, 500.

c36.139

Pāṇini, poet, 203, 204, 416, 430.

c36.140

Panegyrics, 149, 150.

c36.141

Paraleipsis (*ākṣepa*), 378, 380.

c36.142

Paramānanda, *Çrṅgārasaptaçatikā*, 202.

c36.143

Paramārtha, renders *Sāṁkhyakārikā* into Chinese, 488.

c36.144

Parāçara, alleged authority on *Arthaçāstra*, 457.

c36.145

Parāçara, astrologer, 528.

c36.146

Parāçara, authority on medicine, 509.

c36.147

Paraçurāma, sage, 85, 95.

c36.148

Pārasīkas, 81.

c36.149

Parasol-Bhāravi, 114.

c36.150

Parihāsapura, home of Kalhaṇa, 158.

c36.151

Parimala, *see* Padmagupta.

c36.152

Parisoi, 369.

c36.153

Pāriyātra, southern boundary of Āryāvarta, 11, 97; *Bhūtabhāṣā* in, 386.

c36.154

Paronomasia (*çleṣa*), 50, 106, 107, 212, 310, 312, 351, 378, 380, 381, 384, 390, 396.

c36.155

Parrot, as narrator of the *Kādambarī*, 321, 324.

c36.156

Parthians, 39, 145.

c36.157

Participles, 115, 258, 307.

c36.158

Particles, use of, 63, 64, 123.

c36.159

Pārvatī, goddess, 110, 285.

c36.160

Pāṭaliputra, town, 76, 461, n. 1; fortifications of, 460.

c36.161

Patañjali, *Mahābhāṣya*, xx, xxvi, 5, 7, 10, 15, 45-8, 199, 227, 241, 308, 339, 426, 453, n. 1, 460, 505.

c36.162

Patañjali, philosopher, 490, 499.

c36.163

Patent remedies, satire of, 238.

c36.164

Pathos, 63, 68, 69.

c36.165

Patriotism, not evident in Sanskrit poetry, 345, 346.

c36.166

Pattralekhā, form of Rohiṇī, 321.

c36.167

Paulus, of Alexandria, xxiv.

c36.168

Pauṣkarasādi, grammarian, 426.

c36.169

Pauṣkarasādin, medical fragment by, 516.

c36.170

Pausanias, 354.

c36.171

Pearl fisheries of the Tāmraparṇī, 80.

c36.172

Perceforest, legend of, 364.

c36.173

Perfect passive, 123, 138.

c36.174

Perfect tense, 20, 115, 307.

c36.175

Perikles, ideas of, 452, n. 2.

c36.176

Periphrases, use of, 90.

c36.177

Periphractic perfect, in classical Sanskrit, 6.

c36.178

Persian tale, 366.

c36.179

Persia, Persians, 423, 511, 534, 535.

c36.180

Peter Alfonsi, 362.

c36.181

Petronius, author of *Satira* or *Satirae*, xi, 310, 368, n. 2, 370; style of, 70, n. 2.

c36.182

Phaedrus, fable writer, 352, 355.

c36.183

Phaidra and Hippolytos, *motif*, 356.

c36.184

Philemon and Baukis, Indian legend of, 284.

c36.185

Philosopher's stone, 511.

c36.186

Philosophy, 404, 405, 471-504.

c36.187

Phokylides, maxims of, 227.

c36.188

Phonetics, change in, 4, 5.

c36.189

*Physiologos*, alleged borrowing from India in, 356.

c36.190

Pilpay, Vidyāpati, 359.

c36.191

Pindar, Greek lyric poet, 26, 349, n. 3.

c36.192

Piṇḍāyu, astrologer, 530.

c36.193

Piṅgala, *Chandas*, 48, 416.

c36.194

Piçācas, 269.

c36.195

Piçuna, alleged authority on Arthaçāstra, 457.

c36.196

Pīṭhamarda, as companion of the man about town, 52.

c36.197

Place value system, 526, 527.

c36.198

Placidus, legend of, Buddhist parallel to, 502.

First 200 of 234 passages. Read on

A History of Sanskrit Literature c36: English Index

Contents

English Index