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The Purana Text of the Dynasties of the Kali Age c4.s2: Aikṣvākus

The Purāṇa Text of the Dynasties of the Kali Age c4.s2

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Aikṣvākus

c4.s2.1

*Text*—AMt 271, 4-17ᵃ; AVā 99, 280ᵇ-293; Bḍ iii, 74, 104-107ᵃ. *Corresp. passages*—CVṣ iv, 22; GBh ix, 12, 9-16; CGr i, 141, 5-8.

c4.s2.2

The Matsya and Vāyu give the whole. The Brahmāṇḍa has a lacuna and its account begins only at l. 23. The Bhāgavata gives a list of names with a few particulars. The Viṣṇu and Garuḍa have only a list of names.

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Line 1 is only in Vā. Otherwise all copies of Mt and Vā have the dynasty complete, except that *j*Mt omits ll. 4-7; *e*Vā ll. 19-21; *g*Vā ll. 5, 7-14, 24, 25; *l*Vā l. 24; *hp*Mt have lost the whole; and *fj*mVā begin only at l. 23. In *j*Bh kings Śākya to Kṣudraka (inclusive) are omitted; in *n*Bh Śākya to Suratha; in *p*Bh Raṇañjaya to Śuddhodana: in *c*Vṣ Śākya to Kulaka; in *k*Vṣ all after Śākya except the genealogical verse; and *ads*Bh have nothing.

c4.s2.4

There is confusion regarding the first two kings, for Vā, Vṣ, and Bh name two, but Mt and Gr make them one only. This piece of the dynasty, with so much of the various readings as concerns these two kings, stands thus:—

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* *Mt.* Bṛhadbalasya dāyādo vīro rājā hy¹ Urukṣayaḥ² Urukṣaya³-sutaś c-āpi⁴ Vatsadroho mahāyaśāḥ⁵. *Vā.* Bṛhadrathasya⁶ dāyādo vīro rājā Bṛhatkṣayaḥ⁷ tataḥ Kṣayaḥ sutaś⁸ tasya Vatsavyūhas tataḥ Kṣayāt. *Vṣ.* Vṛhadbalasya putro Vṛhatkṣaṇaḥ⁹ tasmād Gurukṣepaḥ¹⁰ tato Vatsaḥ¹¹ Vatsad Vatsavyūhaḥ. *Bh.* Bṛhadbalasya bhavitā putro nāma Bṛhadraṇaḥ¹² Urukriyas¹³ tatas tasya Vatsavṛddho bhaviṣyati. *Gr.* Vṛhadbalād¹⁴ Urukṣayo Vatsavyūhas tataḥ paraḥ.

c4.s2.6

¹ *Hy* omitted in *bcdefgjk*n*Mt*. ² *In* j*Mt* Urūk°; d*kMt* Kuruk°; c*eMt* Nurak°; l*Mt* Nuk°. ³ See note ²; *eMt* Surak°; n*Mt* Urukṣayas. ⁴ *In* n*Mt* tu tasy-āpi. ⁵ *In* g*Mt* mamā°; n*Mt* mahātapāḥ. ⁶ *Bṛhadbalasya* in *eVā*. ⁷ *In* h*Vā* °tkṣavaḥ; d*Vā* °trayaḥ; b*Vā* °drathaḥ. ⁸ *Kṣaya sutas* in b*Vā*: *eVā* omits this line. ⁹ *In* k*Vṣ* °kṣveṇaḥ; g*Vṣ* °kṣetraḥ; b*Vṣ* °kṣantaḥ; f*Vṣ* Bṛhatakṣaṇaḥ. ¹⁰ So d*Vṣ* or Uruk°; j*Vṣ* Urukṣapraḥ: abh*Vṣ* Urukṣayaḥ; k*Vṣ* Varūk°; l*Vṣ* †Puruṣak°. ¹¹ But l*Vṣ* omits him. ¹² *In* h*nBh* °vraṇaḥ; c*Bh* Dharudraṇaḥ. ¹³ *In* c*Bh* °kṛśas¹; h*Bh* Kurukriyas; r*Bh* Upāvṛttas. ¹⁴ *Vṛhanraṇād* in ab*Gr*.

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¹ This line is only in *Vā*. *Vṣ*, *Gr* have similar statements. ² *Vā* genly, fg*Mt* °rathasya, but *Bṛhadbala* correctly in l.

c4.s2.8

A comparison of these readings with possible mistakes in letters in the various old scripts suggests that Vā, Bh, and Vṣ are right in naming two kings, that their names appear to be Bṛhatkṣaya and Urukṣaya, and that Mt and Gr have confused them as one. Hence it seems the text of Mt and Vā should be emended thus:—

c4.s2.9

Bṛhadbalasya dāyādo vīro rājā Bṛhatkṣayaḥ Urukṣayaḥ sutas tasya Vatsavyūha Urukṣayāt.

c4.s2.10

The number of kings in this dynasty is not stated, but 29 are named, excluding Siddhārtha: see however *Early Contemporary Dynasties*, infra.

c4.s2.11

∗ Ata ūrdhvam pravakṣyāmi Ikṣvākūṇām mahātmanām¹ Bṛhadbalasya² dāyādo vīro rājā Bṛhatkṣayaḥ³ Urukṣayaḥ⁴ sutas tasya Vatsavyūha⁴ Urukṣayāt Vatsavyūhāt⁵ Prativyomas⁶ tasya putro⁷ Divākaraḥ⁸

c4.s2.12

²⁴ *Bṛhadbala*, king of Kosala, is mentioned in the MBh. ³ For this line, see above. ⁴ So *Vā* genly, a¹a²a³bkl*Mt*. *Vṣ*, *Gr* agree. In kl*Vā* °vyūhās; fg*Mt* °ryāho, d*Mt* °dāho, in next line dg*Mt* °dryāhāt; j*Mt* erp; e*Mt* Vaśavyūho; n*Mt* Vṛtsamūho and Vatsavyūhāt. *Mt* genly *Vatsadroho*: *Bh* °vṛddha, t*Bh* °vṛiha: h*Vṣ* Vyūha. *Vṣ* (except l*Vṣ*) inserts a king Vatsa before him (see above), but no other authority supports it. ⁵ *Vyūhāt* merely in *eVā*. ⁶ So *Mt* genly. *Vṣ*, *Bh*, ab*Gr* agree. In *eVā* Prativyomnas *tu*. *Vā* genly, l*Vṣ* °vyūhas; g*Mt* °vyogo; r*Bh* °vyota; j*Vṣ* °cyoma; k*Vṣ* Praticyāma. *CGr*, h*Vṣ* omit him. ⁷ *Vyoma-putro* in fg*Mt*. ⁸ So *Mt*, *Vā*, *Vṣ*. *Bh* *Bhānur Divāko rāhini-patiḥ*, where Bep*Bh* read correctly *Divārko*. *Sūrya* in ab*Gr*. C*Gr*, h*Vṣ* omit him.

c4.s2.13

tasyaiva⁹ Madhyadeśe tu yaś ca sāmpratam adhyāste Ayodhyā nagarī śubhā Ayodhyāṃ¹⁰ nagarīṃ nṛpaḥ Divākarasya bhavitā¹¹ Sahadevo¹² mahā-yaśāḥ Sahadevasya¹³ dāyādo¹⁴ Bṛhadaśvo¹⁵ mahā-manāḥ¹⁶ tasya Bhānuratho bhāvyaḥ¹⁷ Pratitāśvaś¹⁸ ca tat-sutaḥ Pratitāśva-sutaś cāpi Supratīko¹⁹ bhaviṣyati Marudevaḥ²⁰ sutas tasya²¹ Sunakṣatraś²² ca tat-sutaḥ Kinnarāśvaḥ²⁴ Sunakṣatrād bhaviṣyati param-tapaḥ Kinnarād Antarikṣas tu²⁵ | bhavitā cāntarikṣas tu²⁶ bhaviṣyati mahā-manāḥ²⁷ Kinnarasya suto mahān Suṣeṇaś²⁸ cāntarikṣāc ca²⁹ Antarikṣāt Suparṇas³⁰ tu³¹ Sumitraś cāpy³² Amitrajit³³ Suparṇāc cāpy³⁴ Amitrajit³³ putras tasya ³⁵ Bṛhadbhrājo ³⁶ Dharmī ³⁷ tasya sutaḥ smṛtaḥ putraḥ ³⁸ Kṛtañjayo ³⁹ nāma Dharmiṇaḥ sa ⁴⁰ bhaviṣyati Kṛtañjaya⁴¹-suto vidvān ⁴² bhaviṣyati ⁴³ Raṇañjayaḥ ⁴⁴ bhavitā Sañjayaś ⁴⁵ cāpi ⁴⁶ vīro rājā Raṇañjayāt Sañjayasya ⁴⁷ sutaḥ Śākyaḥ ⁴⁸ Śākyac ⁴⁹ Chuddhodano ⁵⁰ 'bhavat Śuddhodanasya ⁵² bhavitā Siddhārtho ⁵³ Rāhulaḥ ⁵⁴ sutaḥ ⁵⁵ Prasenajit ⁵⁶ tato bhāvyaḥ ⁵⁷ Kṣudrako ⁵⁸ bhavitā ⁵⁹ tataḥ ⁶⁰ Kṣudrakāt Kulako ⁶¹ bhāvyaḥ Kulakāt ⁶² Surathaḥ ⁶³ smṛtaḥ ⁶⁴

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⁹ So Mt genly: °aisā in cdefjklmnMt. Cf corresponding lines about Adhisīmakṛṣṇa (p. 4, l. 6) and Senājit (p. 15, l. 13).

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¹⁰ So Vā: gVā omits this line.

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¹¹ Sahitā in cMt.

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¹² So all, except that gVā reads—Divākara-sutaś cāpi cakravartī bhaviṣyati. CGr, hVṣ omit him.

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¹³ In CmMt °devāc ca.

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¹⁴ So Vā. Mt bhavitā.

c4.s2.20

¹⁵ So Vā. Vṣ, Bh, Gr agree: kVṣ °dratha. Mt genly Dhruvāśvo vai; cenMt °v-ākhyo°: hVṣ omits him.

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¹⁶ So Mt: cnMt °yaśāḥ. Vā bhaviṣyati.

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¹⁷ So Vā genly; Vṣ, Gr agree: bhVā Bhātu°. Bh Bhānumant; hbH Vān°: bhVṣ omit him. Mt corrupts this half line, gjMt bhāvya-ratho bhāvyaḥ, fMt bhāvya°, bMt bhāvyo°, dmMt bhāvyo rathā°; lMt °rathodbhāva°: genly bhāvyo mahābhāgaḥ. Vṣ says, ‘son of the preceding’, tat-sūnur.

c4.s2.23

¹⁸ So Vā, bdfjgnMt; abhklVṣ agree. Mt genly Pratipāśvaś; kMt Praṇitā°. In bBh Pratīkāśva: Bh genly Pratīkāśva; cfhknprBh °kāśa: CGr °vya; abGr °cyu: jMt Pracetās tasya (omitting ca), but Pratataśva in next line: lMt marutaś c-āpi. Vṣ genly omits him.

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¹⁹ So kMt; Vṣ, Bh agree. Vā genly Supratīto; eVā °nīto: Mt genly °tīpo; fgMt °tāpo: mMt Suprītayo; lMt Suvratopo. CGr Pratītaka; rBh Pratīka; abGr °tīksaka. Bh says, ‘son of the preceding’, tat-sutaḥ.

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²⁰ So Mt; Vṣ, Bh agree: jBh Marad°; lVṣ Maru[da]d°; mMt, Gr, bpBh Manud°; Vā Sahad°; eBh Suhad°.

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²¹ C-āpi in eVā.

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²² So all; except rBh Svan°; eBh Sutaḥk°; hbH Sunakṣetra: cMt Suksatras tat; eMt +Svakṣatrasvat; mMt Sutakṣas tu, but Sutakṣatāt in next line; jMt Sutaḥkṣatas, but Sutakṣattād in next line.

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²³ So Vā: ceMt suto ’bhavat. Mt genly tuto ’bhavat; dknMt °bhavet.

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²⁴ So Mt genly, eVā; kMt °raśva: nMt °raś ca; lMt °rāḥ; dMt °rākṣaḥ; fgmMt °r-ākhyaḥ; jMt †rakṣāt. Vā genly Kinnaras tu; Vṣ, Gr agree: lVā †Kanarasya: rBh Kandara; Bh genly Puṣkara; kBh °kala; eBh Puṣpara; tbH Rūskara. But cMt Kinnaraś cākṣaras tadrad; so eMt crp.

c4.s2.30

²⁵ So cdefjklmnMt (with some corruptions); so bMt, but altered to Kinnarāśvād Antarikṣas which ACMt have. Vṣ, Bh Antarikṣa; bfjykVṣ °rīkṣa; CGr °rīkṣaka: abGr Anu-rakṣaka.

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²⁶ So Vā; kVā °rīkṣasya: eVā c-Ākṣavīkṣas tu, but Antarikṣāt in next line.

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²⁷ Māhayaśāḥ in dfmMt.

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²⁸ So Mt genly: mMt °ṣarṇaś; cekMt °varṇaś; dfgMt °parṇaś; bMt °purvaś; lMt °pparvaḥ; nMt °kṣatraś; jMt °varṇāc.

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²⁹ So Mt genly; cenMt °rīkṣasya.

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³⁰ So Vā: bhlVṣ, Gr agree. Vṣ Suvarṇa; jVṣ Sarvaṇa. Bh Sutapas.

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³¹ Tu wanting in kVā.

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³² So Mt genly; jMt tu: nMt Sumitrasy-āpy; bMt Sumantr°; ceMt Suvarṇ°. Sumitra Amitrajit would be one king.

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³³ All agree in this name, except bMt

c4.s2.39

Amantrajit; CGr Kṛtajit; abGr Śatajit: jMt tato bhavet. ³⁴ So Vā; dMt also: dVā Parnāc. ³⁵ So Vā. Mt genly Sumitra-jo; bMt °triyo; jMt °trāt tu. ³⁶ Mt genly Bṛhadrājo; Vṣ, Bh genly agree. But hlVṣ, bqtBh, CGr °dbhrāja; hjklpBh °dbhāja; nMt, abGr °dvāja; fBh °dgyātra; cBh °dbhānu; gBh °jjāta; eBh Brahmadrāja; cMt Mahārājo. Vā Bharadvājo. Bṛhadbhrāja appears to be the probable name. ³⁷ So Vā; Vṣ agrees: eVā Dharma; Gr Dhārmika. Mt reads this half line Bṛhad-rājasya (d, °rājyasya; n, °rājasya) vīryavān (b, vīrya-bhāk; j, kīrtanāt), where vīryavān is probably a mistake for Dharmavān or Dhārmikaḥ; see note ⁴⁰. Bh Barhis. ³⁸ So Vā, CbcdejkmnMt. Other Mt punaḥ. ³⁹ So Mt genly, Vā. Vṣ, Bh agree. But fgMt read thus-- Kṛtiñjaya iti khyātaḥ su-putro yo bhaviṣyati: but fMt Kṛtañ° in next line. In bVṣ Kṛtiñ°; jMt Vṛhañ°, but Kṛtañ° in next line. ⁴⁰ So Vā: for sa dVā has sam-, eVā tu. Mt genly Dhārmikaś ca; cMt °keś ca; mMt †tathākaś ca. Mt reading should probably be Dhārmikasya (see note ³⁷). But gVā reads this half line, rājā parama-dhārmikaḥ. ⁴¹ In degVā °jayāt; kVā °jaya; lMt Raṇañjaya-. ⁴² So Mt. Vā genly Vrāto: gVā sutu vrāto, dVā °vrāta, kVā vrato; eVā suvrato vai. These suggest a king Vrāta or Suvrata, of whom the other authorities know nothing. ⁴³ So Mt. Vā tasya putro to accord with the insertion of Vrāta. ⁴⁴ So Vā, cefgknMt; Vṣ, Bh agree. Mt genly Raṇej°; abGr Raṇaj°; qBh Rṇañ°; eVā Rathāj°: CGr †Dhanastraya. ⁴⁵ So all; but gBh Suñjaya: lMt reads this half line †Ranañjayas capisuno. ⁴⁶ Cāto in bMt. ⁴⁷ Raṇañjaya- in cenMt. ⁴⁸ So all genly: but cdeMt, abVṣ, cfBh Śak°; bMt Śāth°; gMt Śāj°; fMt Śāj°; abGr Kāśyapanya: kVā omits this name in a blank. ⁴⁹ So all; except ceMt Śak°; dgMt Śāj°; fMt Śāj°; bMt Śāth°; gVā rājā. ⁵⁰ So Vā, bcdjMt; bghlVṣ, Gr agree: efgMt Sud°. Mt genly Chuddhand°; nMt erp. Bh Suddhoda. Vṣ genly Kruddhodana; dVṣ Krod°; aVṣ erp. ⁵¹ So Vā; bVā bhavet: eVā smṛtaḥ. Mt genly urpaḥ; cejnMt punaḥ. ⁵² So Vā, cdenMt. Mt genly Śuddhand°; bfgMt Suddhod°. ⁵³ So Mt genly; cMt Śuldhārddha, cMt Śru°. Vā Śākyarthe; a¹a²bthVā Śak°. Vṣ, Bh, Gr omit him. ⁵⁴ So Ca²a⁴Vā; lVṣ Rāhula. Vṣ genly Rātula; a¹a²dgktVā Nāhula; abhVṣ, CGr Bāh°; abGr Vāph°; bhVā Nah°; jVṣ Gār°. Bh Laṅgula. In jMt Prāhula; fgMt Prahuta; Mt genly Puskala; eMt Hasuta; kMt Hasanaḥ (cMt sanah); lMt Sukṛtaḥ. ⁵⁵ So Mt. Vā smṛtaḥ; jMt dhruvaḥ. Bh tat-sutaḥ smṛtaḥ. ⁵⁶ So Mt genly, Vā. Vṣ, Bh agree. CeMt Prasenaji; lMt °sannaji; Gr Senajit: lVṣ omits him. ⁵⁷ Kṛto in eMt; jMt tato bhavyāt. ⁵⁸ So all; but lVṣ Kṣudrajit: aVṣ omits him. ⁵⁹ Mavarā in eMt. ⁶⁰ In ceMt nṛpaḥ; nMt na saḥ. ⁶¹ So Mt genly: a¹dVā Kuliko, Ca²a⁴Vā Kṣul°; cMt Kṣullako, eMt Kṣall°; jMt Tūlako. Vṣ Kundaka; fMt Ku[va]nako;

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Sumitraḥ ⁶⁵ Surathasy-āpi ⁶⁶ antyaś ca ⁶⁷ bhavitā nṛpaḥ eta Aikṣvākavaḥ ⁶⁸ proktā ⁶⁹ bhaviṣyā ye ⁷⁰ Kalau yuge ⁷¹ Bṛhadbal-ānvaye jātā ⁷² bhaviṣyāḥ kula-vardhanāḥ ⁷³ śūrāś ca kṛta-vidyāś ca satya-sandhā jit-ēndriyāḥ ⁷⁴ niḥśeṣāḥ kathitāś c-aiva nṛpā ye vai purātanāḥ ⁷⁵ atr-ānuvaṃśa⁷⁶-śloko 'yaṃ viprair gītaḥ purātanaiḥ ⁷⁷ Ikṣvākūṇām ayaṃ vaṃśaḥ Sumitr-ānto bhaviṣyati ⁷⁸ Sumitram prāpya rājānaṃ saṃsthāṃ prāpsyati vai Kalau⁷⁹. ity evam Mānavo vaṃśaḥ ⁸⁰ ity evam Mānavam kṣatram ⁸¹ prāg eva ⁸² samudāhṛtaḥ ⁸³ Ailaṃ ca samudāhṛtam ⁸⁴

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lVṣ Kuraṇḍaka: pBh Kaṇamka; fBh | Gṇaka; gBh Sun°; Bh genly Raṇ°; cBh Rūṇ°: erBh omit him. CGr Kuḷava; abGr Kuḍara. Gr inserts a king Sumitra before him, misplacing aptly the next king Suratha. ⁶² In jMt Kūl°; fMt Krul°; ceMt Kṣull°. ⁶³ So Mt, Vā. Vṣ, Bh agree: kBh Suretha; fMt Suraṣaḥ: hVṣ Adhiratha; lVṣ Vidūr° or Vimyūr°: cBh Sunaya; erBh omit him. Gr aptly Sumitra, see note ⁶¹. ⁶⁴ Sutaḥ in cenMt. Bh tanayas tataḥ. ⁶⁵ So all: eVā omits this name. ⁶⁶ So Vā, nMt; eVā °sa; Mt genly °tu; bVā antya ca. Antyaḥ erp to antaḥ in bMt, abGr; to anyaḥ in CefgjMt, Vṣ genly; to ataḥ in CGr; to tataś in dVā: so antyaś ca to anta-ya in gkVā. Bh niṣṭhanta. ⁶⁷ So bIhVā, Bd. ACMt ete c-Aik°; cenMt, eVā ete Ik°; bdfgMt ity et-Ēk°, jMt °ev-Ēk°. Vā genly eta Aikṣvākavāḥ; mVā ete Aila[k-ṣvākavaḥ. ⁶⁸ Bhūpā iu jMt. ⁶⁹ So Mt genly, eVā: cejnMt °syanti. Vā, Bd bhavitāraḥ. ⁷⁰ Kilau purā in jVā. ⁷¹ So Vā, Bd; eVā °tv ete; bcnMt °anvayā ye tu. Mt genly °anvayāye tu: jMt Vṛhadba..nṛpā ye tu; cjqBh °balā nṛpāḥ. Vṣ °bal-ānvayāḥ. Bh genly ete Bārhadbal-ānvayāḥ: rtBh ete c-ānāgatā nṛpāḥ. ⁷² So Mt genly: dMt kṣudra-vaṃlh°, bfgMt | °bāndhavāḥ, eVā putra-bāndh°; kMt kṣatra-bandhavaḥ: jMt kruddha-vaṃdhanāḥ; cenMt śuddha-vaṃśa-jāḥ. Bd reads this half line, mahā-vīrya-parākramāḥ. Vā repeats bhavitāraḥ Kalau yuge. ⁷³ This line is only in Va and Bd. ⁷⁴ This line is only in cenMt. ⁷⁵ Atr-ānubandha in kMt. ⁷⁶ So Mt genly; befgjnMt gīto vipraiḥ. Vā bhaviṣya-jñair udāhṛtaḥ; Bd bhaviṣyaj-jñ°; dVā bhaviṣyatair (or °nair)°: see Introdn. § 8. ⁷⁷ So all; but jMt Sumitrā te bh°: eMt omits the second half line. ⁷⁸ So all: except that Vṣ, Bh begin yatas tam; rBh eṣyati for prāpsyati; lVṣ tasmāt for saṃsthām. Vṣ reads the second half line, sa saṃsthām (h, saṃsthānam) prāpsyate Kalau. This line in jMt is— Sumitraś c-āpi rājā vai saṃsthāṃ prāpsyati kevalam. ⁷⁹ So this line is in Mt genly: bMt Mānavam vaṃśam. ⁸⁰ So this line is in Vā, Bd: CgkVā †kṣetram: eVā blunders thus— ity etat Soma-jaṃ kṣatram Aila-jaṃ samudāhṛtam; for Aila-ja = Soma-ja, and neither term applies to the Aikṣvākus who were Mānavas. ⁸¹ In bMt Pāṇḍavam; cnMt Ailasya; eMt Elaś ca; kMt †malasa; jMt etaiḥ ca; dMt erp. ⁸² In bMt °tam: eMt su-mah-ādṛtaḥ; cMt su-mah-ādbhutah. ⁸³ Su-suhṛd-gatam in bVā.

Cites (7)