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The Purana Text of the Dynasties of the Kali Age c5: Translation

The Purāṇa Text of the Dynasties of the Kali Age c5

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English

Contents

Translation

c5.1

This translation is close to the original though not absolutely literal, and generally combines the various versions where they supplement one another. Words in italics are not expressed in the original but are supplied to complete the meaning. The notes deal only with the salient points, and for the rest reference must be made to the notes to the original text.

Preface

c5.s1.1

Listen as I narrate all future events, as Vyāsa, unwearied in work, proclaimed to me formerly, both the future Kali age and the manvantaras also. Thus I will first declare now the kings who are to be, both those descended from Aila¹ and the Ikṣvākus and also the kings descended from Sudyumna², among whom the splendid kṣatriya stock of the families of Aila and Ikṣvāku is brought to an end. I will proclaim all those kings as mentioned in the Bhaviṣya Purāṇa. Moreover there will be other kings besides them, who shall arise, kṣatriyas, pāraśavas³, śūdras, and others who will be foreigners; Andhras, Śakas and Pulindas, Cūlikas and Yavanas, Kaivartas, Ābhīras and Śavaras, and others who will be of Mleccha origin; Pauravas, Vītihotras, Vaidiśas, five⁴ Kosalas, Mekalas, Kośalas⁵, Pauṇḍras, Gauṇardas, and Svasphrakas, Sunidharmas, Śakas, Nīpas and others who will be of Mleccha race. I will declare those kings according to the total of their years⁶ and by name.

c5.s1.2

¹ That is the Pauravas.

c5.s1.3

² See p. 2, note 15.

c5.s1.4

³ A mixed caste said to be descended from a brahman father and śūdra mother.

c5.s1.5

⁴ This would seem to be meant for Pañcālas.

c5.s1.6

⁵ The people of Mahākosala apptly.

c5.s1.7

⁶ Or Mt, ‘according to their succession’.

Pauravas

c5.s2.1

Abhimanyu’s son by Virāṭa’s daughter Uttarā was Parīkṣit. Parīkṣit’s son was king Janamejaya who was very righteous. From Janamejaya was born valiant Śatānīka. Śatānīka’s son was valiant Aśvamedhadatta.

c5.s2.2

From Aśvamedhadatta was born a victorious son, righteous Adhisīmakṛṣṇa⁷, who now reigns great in fame.

c5.s2.3

⁷ Or Asīmakṛṣṇa.

c5.s2.4

Adhisīmakṛṣṇa’s son will be king Nicakṣu⁸. When the city Hastināpura is carried away by the Ganges, Nicakṣu will abandon it and will dwell in Kauśāmbī.

c5.s2.5

⁸ Or Vivakṣu. Vā Nirvaktra. Bh Nemicakra.

c5.s2.6

He will have eight sons of great might and valour. His eldest son *will be* Uṣṇa¹; after Uṣṇa Citraratha is remembered; after Citraratha Śucidratha²; and after Śucidratha Vṛṣṇimat³; and after Vṛṣṇimat Suṣeṇa will be a pure king. After Suṣeṇa Sunītha⁴ will be king; after Sunītha will be Ruca⁵; after him will be Nṛcakṣus⁶. Nṛcakṣus' heir will be Sukhībala⁷; and Sukhībala's son will be king Pariplava⁸; and Pariplava's son will be king Sunaya⁹. His heir Medhāvin will be king; and Medhāvin's son will be Nṛpañjaya. Durva¹⁰ *will be* his son; and Tigmātman his son. After Tigma will be Bṛhadratha; after Bṛhadratha Vasudāna¹¹; after Vasudāna Śatānīka; after him will be Udayana¹²; and after Udayana will be the warrior king Vahīnara¹³; and Vahīnara's son will be Daṇḍapāṇi¹⁴. After Daṇḍapāṇi Nirāmitra¹⁵; and after Nirāmitra Kṣemaka.

c5.s2.7

¹ Mt Bhūri.

c5.s2.8

² Bh Kaviratha and Kuv°.

c5.s2.9

³ Or Vṛṣṭimat. Vā Dhṛtimat.

c5.s2.10

⁴ Vā Sutīrtha.

c5.s2.11

⁵ Vṣ Rca.

c5.s2.12

⁶ Vā Tricakṣa.

c5.s2.13

⁷ Vṣ Sukhābala. Bh Sukhīnala.

c5.s2.14

⁸ Or Paripluta or Pariṣṇava.

c5.s2.15

⁹ Mt Sutapas.

c5.s2.16

¹⁰ Mt Urva. Vṣ Mṛdu. Gr Hari.

c5.s2.17

¹¹ Mt Vasudāman. Gr Sudānaka. Bh Sudāsa.

c5.s2.18

¹² Gr Udāna. Bh Durdamana.

c5.s2.19

¹³ Or Mahīnara. Vṣ Ahīnara.

c5.s2.20

¹⁴ Vṣ Khaṇḍapāṇi.

c5.s2.21

¹⁵ Vṣ Naramitra. Bh Nimi.

c5.s2.22

These 25 kings will exist born of Pūru's race. In this connexion this genealogical verse was sung by ancient brahmans—'The race honoured by gods and rishis, from which sprang brahmans and kṣatriyas, will verily on reaching Kṣemaka reach its end in the Kali age.' Thus has been correctly proclaimed this Paurava race, *the offspring* of Pāṇḍu's wise son, high-souled Arjuna.

Aikṣvākus

c5.s3.1

Next I will declare *the race* of the high-souled Ikṣvākus. Bṛhadbala's heir was the warrior king Bṛhatkṣaya¹⁶. His son was Urukṣaya¹⁶; after Urukṣaya was Vatsavyūha¹⁷; after Vatsavyūha Prativyoma¹⁸.

c5.s3.2

¹⁶ For the variations in these names see p. 9.

c5.s3.3

¹⁷ Mt Vatsadroha. Bh Vatsavṛddha. Vṣ inserts a king Vatsa before him.

c5.s3.4

¹⁸ Vā Prativyūha.

c5.s3.5

His son is Divākara¹⁹ who now rules the city Ayodhyā in Madhyadeśa.

c5.s3.6

¹⁹ Bh Bhānu Īvārka.

c5.s3.7

Divākara's successor will be famous Sahadeva. Sahadeva's heir *will be* high-minded Bṛhadaśva²⁰; his *successor* will be Bhānuratha²¹; and his son will be Pratitāśva²²; and Pratitāśva's son will be Supratīka²³. His son *will be* Marudeva²⁴, and his son Sunakṣatra. After Sunakṣatra will be victorious Kinnarāśva²⁵; and Antarikṣa will be Kinnarāśva's great son. After Antarikṣa *will be* Suparṇa²⁶; and after Suparṇa Amitrajit ¹. His son *will be* Bṛhadbhrāja ². Dharmin ³ is remembered as his son. Dharmin's son will be Kṛtañjaya. Kṛtañjaya's son will be wise Raṇañjaya ⁴; and after Raṇañjaya will be Sañjaya, a warrior king. Sañjaya's son *will be* Śākya. After Śākya *will be* king Śuddhodana ⁵. Śuddhodana's *son* will be Siddhārtha; Rāhula ⁶ *will be his son*. After him will be Prasenajit ⁷. After him will be Kṣudraka. After Kṣudraka will be Kulaka ⁸. After Kulaka Suratha is remembered; and Suratha's *son* Sumitra will be the last king.

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²⁰ Mt Dhruvāśva.

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²¹ Bh Bhānumat. Mt crp.

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²² Mt Pratipāśva. Bh Pratīkāśva. Gr Pratīvya.

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²³ Mt Supratīpa. Vā Supratīta. Gr Pratītaka.

c5.s3.12

²⁴ Vā Sahadeva.

c5.s3.13

²⁵ Or Kinnara. Bh Puṣkara.

c5.s3.14

²⁶ Mt Suṣeṇa. Vṣ Suvarṇa. Bh Sutapas.

c5.s3.15

¹ Mt calls him Sumitra also. ² Mt, Vṣ, Bh Bṛhadrāja. Vā Bharadvāja. ³ Mt crp. ⁴ Gr Dhanastraya. Vā aptly inserts a king Vrāta before him. ⁵ Vṣ Kruddhodana. ⁶ Vṣ Rātula. Gr Bāhula. Bh Lāṅgala. Mt Puṣkala. ⁷ Gr Senajit. ⁸ Vā Kṣulika. Vṣ Kuṇḍaka. Gr Kuḍava. Bh Raṇaka. ⁹ Bḍ, some Vṣ, Gr Somāpi. Vṣ genly Somāmi. Bh Mārjāri. ¹⁰ Vṣ Śrutavat. Bḍ, many Vā, 67 years. ¹¹ Mt Apratīpin. Mt, some Vā, 36 years. ¹² Vā, Bḍ, 100 years. ¹³ Vā Sukṛta. Mt Surakṣa. Bh Sunu-kṣatra. ¹⁴ Bh Bṛhatsena. Gr Bahukarmaka. ¹⁵ Bh Karmajit. ¹⁶ That is, 23 years. Mt, 50. ¹⁷ Vṣ, Bh Vipra. Vā, Bḍ merely nṛpa, and say 35 years. ¹⁸ Vā genly Bhuvata. Mt Anurrata. ¹⁹ Some Mt, 25 years.

c5.s3.16

These Aikṣvākus have been declared, who will exist in the Kali age; born in Bṛhadbala's lineage they will enhance their family, being warriors and learned, true to their word, self-restrained. *These kings who were ancient have been all declared.* In this connexion this genealogical verse was sung by ancient brahmans—‘This race of the Ikṣvākus will terminate with Sumitra; on reaching king Sumitra it will indeed reach its end in the Kali age.’ Thus has been declared the kṣatriya stock descended from Manu, and that descended from Aila.

Bārhadrathas

c5.s4.1

Next I will declare the Bārhadrathas of Magadha, who are kings in Sahadeva's lineage in Jarāsandha's race, those past, those existing and also those who will exist. I will declare them according to their prominence : listen as I speak.

c5.s4.2

When the Bhārata battle took place and Sahadeva was slain, his heir Somādhi ⁹ became king in Girivraja; he reigned 58 years. In his lineage Śrutaśravas was 64 years ¹⁰. Ayutāyus reigned 26 years ¹¹. His *successor* Niramitra enjoyed the earth 40 years ¹² and went to heaven. Sukṣatra ¹³ obtained the earth 56 years. Bṛhatkarman ¹⁴ reigned 23 years.

c5.s4.3

Senājit ¹⁵ is now enjoying the earth the same number of years ¹⁶.

c5.s4.4

Śrutañjaya will be for 40 years, great in strength, large of arm, great in mind and prowess. Vibhu will obtain the earth 28 years ¹⁷; and Śuci will stand in the kingdom 58 years. King Kṣema will enjoy the earth 28 years. Valiant Suvrata ¹⁸ will obtain the kingdom 64 years. Sunetra will enjoy the earth 35 years ¹⁹ (*or Dharmanetra ¹ will be 5 full years). And Nirvṛti ² will enjoy this earth 58 years. Trinetra will next enjoy the kingdom 28 years (or Suśrama's ³ sovereignty will last 38 years). Dṛḍhasena will be 48 years ⁴. Mahīnetra ⁵ will be resplendent 33 years (or Sumati will next obtain the kingdom 33 years). Sucala will be king 32 years ⁶. King Sunetra ⁷ will next enjoy the kingdom 40 years. King Satyajit will enjoy the earth 83 years ⁸. And Viśvajit will obtain this earth and be 25 years ⁹. Ripuñjaya ¹⁰ will obtain the earth 50 years.

c5.s4.5

¹ Bh *Dharmasūtra*. Vṣ, Gr *Dharma*.

c5.s4.6

² Vā, Bd, merely *nṛpati*.

c5.s4.7

³ Bh *Śama*. Vā *Suvrata*.

c5.s4.8

⁴ Mt *Dyumatsena*. Vā, Bd, 58 years, crp.

c5.s4.9

⁵ Some Mt, merely *Netra*.

c5.s4.10

⁶ Mt *Acala*. Vṣ, Bh, Gr *Subala*. Vā, 22 years; Bd, 40.

c5.s4.11

⁷ Vṣ *Sunita*. Bh *Sunītha*. Gr *Nīta*.

c5.s4.12

⁸ Mt, 80 years.

c5.s4.13

⁹ Vā *Vīrajit*, 35 years.

c5.s4.14

¹⁰ Vā, Bd *Arinjaya*. Gr *Iṣuñjaya*.

c5.s4.15

These 16 kings are to be known as the future Bṛhadrathas; and their kingdom will last 723 years ¹¹. And these 32 kings are the future Bṛhadrathas; their kingdom will last full 1000 years indeed.

c5.s4.16

¹¹ See p. 17, note 99.

Pradyotas

c5.s5.1

When the Bṛhadrathas, Vītihotras and Avantis have passed away, Pulika ¹² will kill his master and anoint his own son Pradyota, by force ¹³ in the very sight of the kṣatriyas. He (Pradyota) will indeed have the neighbouring kings subject to him and be destitute of good policy ¹⁴. He, an excellent man ¹⁵, will be king 23 years. Pālaka will then be king 24 years ¹⁶. Viśākhayūpa will be king 50 years ¹⁷. Ajaka ¹⁸ will have the kingdom 21 years ¹⁹. His son Nandivardhana will be 20 years ²⁰.

c5.s5.2

¹² Vā *Munika*. Vṣ *Sunika*. Bd, Bh *Śunaka*.

c5.s5.3

¹³ Or 'Pulika's offspring'. Mt has the name *Bālaka* for Pradyota.

c5.s5.4

¹⁴ Or (some copies) 'will not act righteously'.

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¹⁵ Or (some copies) 'sickly in mind'.

c5.s5.6

¹⁶ Mt, 28 years.

c5.s5.7

¹⁷ Mt, 53 years.

c5.s5.8

¹⁸ Bh *Rājaka*. Vṣ *Janaka*. Mt *Sūryaka*.

c5.s5.9

¹⁹ Vā, 31 years.

c5.s5.10

²⁰ Vā *Vartivardhana*. Mt, 30 years.

c5.s5.11

Those 5 kings after enjoying the earth 52 years perished ²¹.
Those 5 sons, the Pradyotas, will endure 138 years ²².

c5.s5.12

²¹ So Mt; some copies, 152 years.

c5.s5.13

²² So Vā, Bd, Vṣ, Bh.

Śiśunāgas

c5.s6.1

Śiśunāga will destroy all their prestige and will be king. Placing his son in Benares he will make Girivraja his own abode ²³. Śiśunāga will reign 40 years. His son Kākavarṇa will obtain the earth 36 years ²⁴. Kṣemadharman will be king next 20 years ²⁵. Kṣatraujas will obtain the earth 40 years ²⁶. Vimbisāra will be king 28 years¹. Ajātaśatru will be king 25 years². Darśaka will be king 25 years³. After him Udayin⁴ will be king 33 years. That king will make as his capital on the earth Kusumapura on the south bank of the Ganges in his fourth year⁵. Nandivardhana will be king 40 years⁶. Mahānandin⁷ will be 43 years.

c5.s6.2

²³ So Mt. Vā, Bd seem to mean the same.

c5.s6.3

²⁴ Vā *Śakavarṇa*. Mt, 26 years.

c5.s6.4

²⁵ Mt, 36 years.

c5.s6.5

²⁶ Bh *Kṣetrajña*. Mt *Kṣemajit*, 24 years.

c5.s6.6

¹ All vary in this name. Bḍ 38 years. After him Mt erroneously inserts the first two Kāṇvāyana kings: see *Kāṇvāyanas*, infra.

c5.s6.7

² Mt, 27 years.

c5.s6.8

³ Bḍ, Vṣ, Bh *Darbhaka*. Mt *Vaṃśaka*, 24 years.

c5.s6.9

⁴ Vṣ *Udayāśva*. Mt *Udāsin*. Bh *Ajaya*.

c5.s6.10

⁵ This statement is in Vā, Bḍ.

c5.s6.11

⁶ Vā, 42 years.

c5.s6.12

⁷ Bḍ *Sahānandi*.

c5.s6.13

These will be the 10 Śaiśunāga kings⁸. The Śiśunāgas will endure 360 (*or better*, 163⁹) years, being kings with kṣatriya kinsfolk.

c5.s6.14

⁸ Many copies of Mt say 12, because of the mistake mentioned in note 1.

c5.s6.15

⁹ So Mt according to its real meaning aptly: corrupted by Bḍ and Bh to 360; by Vā and Vṣ to 362.

Early Contemporary Dynasties

c5.s7.1

Contemporaneous with these *aforesaid* kings there will be other kings; all these following kings will endure an equal time: *namely*, 24 Aikṣvākus¹⁰, 27 Pañcālas¹¹, 24 kings of Kāśi, 28 Haihayas¹², 32 Kaliṅgas, 25 Aśmakas, 36 Kurus¹³, 28 Maithilas, 23 Śūrasenas, and 20 Vītihotras. All these kings will endure the same time.

c5.s7.2

¹⁰ For their list, see p. 65.

c5.s7.3

¹¹ Vā, Bḍ, 25.

c5.s7.4

¹² Vā, Bḍ, 24.

c5.s7.5

¹³ For their list, see p. 64, prob.

Nandas

c5.s8.1

As son of Mahānandin by a śūdra woman will be born a king¹⁴, Mahāpadma (Nanda¹⁵), who will exterminate all kṣatriyas. Thereafter kings will be of śūdra origin. Mahāpadma will be sole monarch, bringing all under his sole sway¹⁶. He will be 88 years on the earth¹⁷. He will uproot all kṣatriyas¹⁸, being urged on by prospective fortune¹⁹. He will have 8 sons, of whom Sukalpa²⁰ will be the first; and they will be kings in succession to Mahāpadma for 12 years.

c5.s8.2

¹⁴ Mt says aptly, he will be ‘born as a portion of Kali’. Vā and Bḍ say, he will be ‘enveloped by Fate’.

c5.s8.3

¹⁵ So Vṣ and Bh.

c5.s8.4

¹⁶ Vṣ, Bh, ‘his rule will be untransgressed’.

c5.s8.5

¹⁷ Vā, Bḍ, ‘he will protect the earth 88 (or some copies, 28) years’.

c5.s8.6

¹⁸ Vṣ, Bh, ‘like a second Paraśu-Rāma’.

c5.s8.7

¹⁹ Vā, Bḍ, ‘urged on by predestination’, aptly.

c5.s8.8

²⁰ Or *Sahalya*. Vṣ *Sumātya*. Bh *Sumālya*.

c5.s8.9

A brahman Kauṭilya will uproot them all; and, after they have enjoyed the earth 100 years, it will pass to the Mauryas.

Mauryas

c5.s9.1

Kauṭilya will anoint Candragupta as king in the realm. Candragupta will be king 24 years¹. Vindusāra will be king 25 years². Aśoka will be king 36 years. His son Kunāla will reign 8 years³.

c5.s9.2

² Mt omits. All except Vṣ vary this name.

c5.s9.3

³ Mt omits. Vṣ, Bh mention Suyaśas instead.

c5.s9.4

Mt and eVā.

c5.s9.5

Kunāla's son Bandhupālita will enjoy the kingdom 8 years¹. Their grandson Daśona will reign 7 years⁴. His son Daśaratha will be king 8 years. His son Samprati will reign 9 years. Śāliśūka will be king 13 years⁵. Devadharman will be king 7 years⁵. His son Śatadhanvan will be king 8 years⁶. Bṛhadratha will reign 70 years⁸.

c5.s9.6

¹ Mt wants this statement.

c5.s9.7

⁴ Mt, 'his (i.e. Aśoka's) grandson', but the text is crp.

c5.s9.8

⁵ Mt wants this statement.

c5.s9.9

⁶ So also Vṣ, Bh: *eVā Śatandhanus*. Mt, 6 years.

c5.s9.10

⁸ So Mt genly; *eVā*, 87.

c5.s9.11

These are the 10 Mauryas⁹ who will enjoy the earth full 137 years. After them it will go to the Śuṅgas¹⁰.

c5.s9.12

⁹ So also Vṣ, Bh: *eVā*, 9.

c5.s9.13

¹⁰ But *eVā*, 'after them will be the Śuṅga'.

c5.s9.14

Vā genly and Bḍ.

c5.s9.15

Kunāla's son Bandhupālita will enjoy the kingdom 8 years. Bandhupālita's heir Indrapālita will reign 10 years.

c5.s9.16

Devavarman will be king 7 years. His son Śatadhanus will be king 8 years. Bṛhadratha will be king 7 years⁷.

c5.s9.17

⁷ Vā *Vṛhadaśva*, but *Vṛhadratha* at beginning of next dynasty.

c5.s9.18

These 9 Mauryas will enjoy the earth full 137 years. After them will go the Śuṅga¹¹.

c5.s9.19

¹¹ Or, 'the earth will go to the Śuṅgas'.

Śuṅgas

c5.s10.1

Puṣyamitra the commander-in-chief will uproot Bṛhadratha and will rule the kingdom as king 36 years¹². *His* son Agnimitra will be king 8 years. Vasujyeṣṭha¹³ will be king 7 years. *His* son Vasumitra will be king 10 years. Then his son Andhraka¹⁴ will reign 2 years. Pulindaka will then reign 3 years. *His* son Ghoṣa¹⁵ will be king 3 years. Next Vajramitra will be king 9 years¹⁶. Bhāgavata¹⁷ will be king 32 years. *His* son Devabhūmi¹⁸ will reign 10 years.

c5.s10.2

¹² Vā, Bḍ, 60 years.

c5.s10.3

¹³ Vā, Bḍ, Vṣ, Bh *Sujyeṣṭha*.

c5.s10.4

¹⁴ Mt *Antaka*. Bḍ, Bh *Bhadra-ka*. Vṣ *Ārdraka*.

c5.s10.5

¹⁵ Vṣ *Ghoṣavasu*. Mt crp *Yomegha*.

c5.s10.6

¹⁶ Bḍ, 7 years. Vā no term.

c5.s10.7

¹⁷ Mt *Samābhāga* aptly, but text crp.

c5.s10.8

¹⁸ Vā *Kṣemabhūmi* here, but *Devabhūmi* in next dynasty.

c5.s10.9

These 10 Śuṅga kings will enjoy this earth full 112 years. From them the earth will pass to the Kaṇvas.

Kāṇvāyanas (Śuṅgabhṛtyas)

c5.s11.1

The minister Vasudeva, forcibly overthrowing the dissolute king Devabhūmi because of his youth, will become king among the Śuṅgas¹. He, the Kāṇvāyana, will be king 9 years². His son Bhūmimitra will reign 14 years³. His son Nārāyaṇa will reign 12 years. His son Suśarman will reign 10 years⁴.

c5.s11.2

¹ Mt, 'will become the Śuṅga king'.

c5.s11.3

² Bd, 5 years.

c5.s11.4

³ Vā, Bd, 24 years.

c5.s11.5

⁴ Bd, 4 years.

c5.s11.6

These are remembered as the Śuṅgabhṛtya Kāṇvāyana kings. These 4 Kaṇva brahmans will enjoy the earth; for 45 years they will enjoy this earth. They will have the neighbouring kings in subjection and will be righteous. In succession to them the earth will pass to the Andhras.

Andhras

c5.s12.1

The Andhra Simuka⁵ with his fellow tribesmen, the servants of Suśarman, will assail the Kāṇvāyanas and him (Suśarman), and destroy the remains of the Śuṅgas' power and will obtain this earth. Simuka will be king 23 years. His younger brother Kṛṣṇa will next reign 10 years⁶. His son Śrī-Śātakarṇi will reign 10 years⁷. Then Pūrṇotsaṅga will be king 18 years⁸. Skandastambhi will be king 18 years⁸. Śātakarṇi will reign 56 years; his son Lambodara 18 years⁸. His son Āpilaka⁹ will reign 12 years. Meghasvāti will reign 18 years⁸. Svāti will be king 18 years¹⁰. Skandasvāti will be king 7 years⁸. Mṛgendra Svātikarṇa will reign 3 years⁸. Kuntala Svātikarṇa will be king 8 years⁸. Svātivarṇa will be king one year⁸. Pulomāvi will reign 36 years¹¹. Ariṣṭakarṇa¹² will reign 25 years. Then Hāla will be king 5 years¹³. Mantalaka¹⁴ will be a powerful king 5 years. Purikaṣeṇa will reign 21 years¹⁵. Sundara Śātakarṇi will reign one year. Cakora Śātakarṇi will reign 6 months. Śivasvāti will reign 28 years. King Gautamīputra *will be king* next 21 years. His son Pulomā¹⁶ will reign 28 years⁸. [*Śātakarṇi will be king 29 years*¹⁷.] Śivaśrī Pulomā¹⁸ will be king 7 years⁸. His son Śivaskandha Śātakarṇi will be king *three*¹⁹ years⁸. Yajñaśrī Śātakarṇika will reign 29 years²⁰.

c5.s12.2

⁵ This is the name emended. Mt Śisuka. Vā, Bd Sindhuka. Vṣ Śipraka.

c5.s12.3

⁶ Mt, 18 years.

c5.s12.4

⁷ Vā, Bd, no number.

c5.s12.5

⁸ This sentence is not in Vā genly nor Bd.

c5.s12.6

⁹ Much variation in this name.

c5.s12.7

¹⁰ Or Āti, 12 years. Not in Vā, Bd.

c5.s12.8

¹¹ Vā, Bd, 24 years. Much variation in this name.

c5.s12.9

¹² Much variation in this name.

c5.s12.10

¹³ Vā, Bd, one year.

c5.s12.11

¹⁴ Or Pattalaka. Bh Talaka. Vā Saptaka.

c5.s12.12

¹⁵ Mt Purīndrasena, but no number.

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¹⁶ Properly Pulomāvi.

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¹⁷ A doubtful line found only in e Vā.

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¹⁸ Or 'after Puloma Śivaśrī'.

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¹⁹ Conjectural emendation; no number mentioned.

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²⁰ Vā, Bd, 19 years.

c5.s12.18

After him Vijaya will be king 6 years. His son Caṇḍaśrī Sātakarṇi will reign 10 years¹. Another² of them Pulomāvi will reign 7 years. These 30 Andhra kings³ will enjoy the earth 460 years⁴.

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¹ Vā, Bḍ Daṇḍaśrī, 3 years.

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² Or 'the last'.

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³ Mt, 19.

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⁴ Bd, 456; Vā crp, but aptly the same.

Various Local Dynasties

c5.s13.1

When the kingdom of the Andhras has come to an end *there will be kings* belonging to the lineage of their servants: 7 Āndhras⁵, and 10 Ābhīra kings; also 7 Gardabhins⁶, 18 Śakas⁷. There will be 8 Yavanas, 14 Tuṣāras⁸, 13 Muruṇḍas⁹, 11 Maunas¹⁰.

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⁵ Bh and Vṣ Andhra-bhṛtyas.

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⁶ Or Gardabhilas.

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⁷ Vā, Bḍ, 10. Bh, Vṣ, 16. Bh calls them Kaṅkas.

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⁸ Or Tukhāras or Tuṣkaras.

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⁹ Mt, Bḍ, Bh Guruṇḍas. Vṣ Muṇḍas (for Muruṇḍas).

c5.s13.7

¹⁰ Vā genly, 18. Mt, 19 Hūṇas.

c5.s13.8

The Śrīparvatīya Āndhras will endure 52 years¹¹; the 10 Ābhīra kings 67 years; the 7 Gardabhins will enjoy the earth 72 years¹²; the 18 Śakas¹³ 183 years. The 8 Yavanas¹³ will enjoy this earth 87 years¹⁴. The earth is remembered as belonging to the Tuṣāras 7000 years¹⁵. The 13 future Muruṇḍas¹⁶ along with low caste men, all of Mleccha origin, will enjoy it half 400 years¹⁷. The 11 Maunas will enjoy it 103 years¹⁸. When they are overthrown by Time there will be Kilakila kings¹⁹.

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¹¹ Or possibly 'twice 50'. Vā, Bḍ crp but probably 112 or 102.

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¹² Mt Gardabhilas, but no term.

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¹³ Vā and Bḍ no number.

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¹⁴ Vā and Bḍ, 82.

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¹⁵ Vā, Bḍ, 500; but prob 107 and 105 are meant respectively.

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¹⁶ See note 9.

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¹⁷ That is, 200 years; Vṣ, Bh say 199. Vā, Bḍ erroneously, 350.

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¹⁸ Mt Hūṇas.

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¹⁹ Vṣ says they were Yavanas.

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Then after the Kilakilas Vindhyaśakti²⁰ will reign. He will enter upon the earth after it has known *those kings* 96 years²¹.

c5.s13.19

²⁰ Vṣ says he was a Kilakila.

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²¹ This seems to be the meaning; but literally, 'he after having known 96 years will enter upon the earth'. But perhaps sameṣyati may mean 'he will come to an end' (= saṃsthāsyati, see p. 8, note 83), for, though sam-i does not have that meaning, yet samaya has it. The sentence would then be, 'After having known the earth 96 years he will come to his end.'

Dynasties of Vidiśā, &c.

c5.s14.1

Hear also the future kings of Vidiśā. Bhogin, son of the Nāga king Seṣa, will be king, conqueror of his enemies' cities²², a king who will exalt the Nāga family. Sadācandra²³, and Candrāṃśa *who will be a second Nakhavant*²⁴, then Dhanadharman²⁵, and Vangara¹ is remembered as the fourth. Then Bhūtinanda will reign in the Vaidiśa kingdom.

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²² Vṣ treats the word puraṃjaya as his name.

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²³ Vṣ Rāmacandra.

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²⁴ Or 'Nakhapāna's offspring' in eVā.

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²⁵ Vṣ Dharma.

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¹ Bh Vaṅgiri. Vṣ Varāṅga. Vā Vimśaju. Bd, ‘born in the race’.

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When the family of the Śuṅgas² ends, Śiśunandi³ will reign. His younger brother was named Nandiyaśas⁴. In his lineage there will be 3 kings. His daughter's son named Śiśuka was king in Purikā.

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² Many Vā Aṅgas.

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³ Vṣ genly Suśinandi. Vā Madhun°.

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⁴ Bh Yaśonandi.

c5.s14.11

Vindhyaśakti's valiant son, named Pravira, will enjoy the city Kāñcanakā 60 years, and will sacrifice with vājapeya sacrifices replete with choice largesse. His 4 sons will be kings.

Dynasties of the Third Century, A.D.

c5.s15.1

When the family of the Vindhyakas has passed away, there will be 3 Bāhlika kings. Supratika and Nabhīra⁵ will enjoy the *earth* 30 years. Śakyamāna⁶ was king of the Mahiṣis. There will be 13 Puṣyamitras⁷ and Paṭumitras⁸. In Mekalā 7 kings⁹ will reign 70 years. In Kosalā there will be 9 very powerful and wise kings celebrated as ‘Meghas’. All the kings of Niṣadha¹⁰, born in the family of Nala, valiant and very powerful, will exist till the termination of the Manus¹¹.

c5.s15.2

⁵ Bd Gabhīra.

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⁶ Bd Śaṅkamāna.

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⁷ Or Puṣpamitras. Bh names one of them as Durmitra.

c5.s15.5

⁸ Vṣ adds Padmamitras.

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⁹ Bh says Andhras.

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¹⁰ Bh calls them ‘lords of Vaidūra’ also.

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¹¹ Or perhaps, ‘as long as Manu’s race’.

c5.s15.9

Of the Māgadhas the king will be very valiant Viśvasphaṇi¹². Overthrowing all kings he will make other castes *kings*, *namely*, Kaivartas, Pañcakas¹³, Pulindas, and brahmans. He will establish those persons as kings in various countries. Viśvasphaṇi the magnificent *will be* mighty, Viṣṇu's peer in battle¹⁴. King Viśvasphaṇi is called eunuch-like in appearance. Overthrowing the kṣatriya caste he will create another kṣatriya caste. After gratifying the gods, the pitṛs and brahmans once *and again*, he will resort to the bank of the Ganges and subdue his body; after resigning his body he will go to Indra's world.

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