Hindu Administrative Institutions c12.s4.3

c12.s4.3

In the light of the above remark we proceed to examine the administrative divisions of the ancient Tamil kingdoms in South India. The kingdom was divided³ into the *maṇḍalam* (province), *koṭṭam* or *vaḷa-nāḍu* (district), *nāḍu* (taluk), and *ūr* (village or township). For example the *ūr* Ukkal was in Pāgūr *nāḍu*, of the Kaliyūr *koṭṭam* in the *Toṇḍamaṇḍalam*.⁴