The Army of the Indian Moghuls: Its Organization and Administration c23.14

c23.14

*Chevaux de frise* or Caltrops. According to the dictionary, Steingass, 460, *khasak* is the word for a caltrop thrown down to impede the movements of cavalry. I have seen only one mention of their employment, namely, in the *Akbarnāmah* (Lucknow edition, i, 75, five lines from foot) where Taimūr is said to have used them. But I have come across the word in Saʿdī’s lines quoted by Muḥammad Munʿim, Jaʿfarābādī, in his *Farrukh-nāmah*, fol. 27*b*, (1128 H.) and by ʿIshrat, Siyālkotī, in his *Nādirnāmah*, fol. 56*a* (1151 H.):