Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times c26.48

c26.48

² The other non-monarchial communities in Samudra Gupta's inscription are (1) the *Prārjunas*, (2) the *Kākas*, (3) the Ābhīras, (4) the Kharaparikas and (5) the *Sanakānīkas*. Kautilya in laying down punishment for defaming a country (*janapadāpavādāḥ*, III 18) gives in illustration *Prājjūṇaka*, along with Gāndhāra. That is identical with (1) The (3) had been under monarchs according to inscriptions; having been broken down in power they seem to have copied the constitution of their neighbours. The name of the (4) has been traced in a later inscription by R. Br. Hira Lal, [EI., XII. 44]. Nothing more is known of (5). On 'Five' Kh., cf. § 162 below.