Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times c28.28

c28.28

¹ Artha-Śāstra (I. 14), pp. 22-23. मात्स्यन्यायाभिभूताः प्रजा मनुं वैवस्वतं राजानं चक्रिरे। धान्यषड्भागं पण्यदशभागं हिरण्यं चास्य भागधेयं प्रकल्पयामासुः। तेन भृता राजानः प्रजानां योगक्षेमवहाः। 'People oppressed by anarchy made Manu, son of Vivasvat, their king. They settled one-sixth of agricultural produce and one-tenth of merchandise, in cash, as his share. Kings salaried herewith carry on government (yoga) and well-being (kshema) of the people.' For the meaning of भृग see corresponding passages quoted under Monarchy, where king's 'wages' are mentioned. The meaning of योग given here is in accordance with the sense of the word in Manu XI. 62, and the Mitāksharā's definition of योग. The meaning of Yoga becomes clear by the succeeding line, तेषां किल्बिषमदण्डकरा हरन्ति, where *adaṇḍakāra* or 'king failing in government' is referred to in contrast. Compare also on yoga, -युक्त 'member of executive service' in the Artha-Śāstra.