Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times c40.86

c40.86

**ततो दुर्गं च राष्ट्रं च लोकञ्च सचराचरम् ।**
For **दुर्गं** and **पुर** as capital, *see* Manu VII. 70:
**धन्वदुर्गं महीदुर्गमब्दुर्गं वार्क्षमेव वा ।**
**नृदुर्गं गिरिदुर्गं वा समाश्रित्य वसेत्पुरम् ॥**
**प्रशंसते जनः सर्वो राष्ट्रे पुरवरे तथा ।**
**आभ्यन्तरश्च बाह्यश्च पौरजानपदो जनः ॥** (AK.)
"The whole nation in the Rāshṭra as well as in the best of capitals praises him, likewise the Paura-Jānapada body—both the Inner and the Outer—praise him." It should be noticed that the **Paura-Jānapada** is taken as distinct from the people in the realm and the capital. The two bodies Inner and Outer are mentioned in the Mahābhārata also. See below ch. on taxation. For *jana* in the collective sense, see its use in Aśoka's inscr. Pillar series VII. **जनं धर्मयुतं**—the body of the men in the Dharma Service (Department).