Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times c47.27

c47.27

§ 343 The State at times worked large industries. They were worked by State departments. Both the Artha-Śāstra and the Mānava-dharma-Śāstra have departments of *Ākara* and *karmānta*, mining and manufacturies. From them the State gained first-hand industrial experience for its economic administration, and at the same time the income of the State was greatly enhanced. It saved the statesmen, partially at any rate, from the necessity of 'begging' 'affection' tax from the people for war preparations and cognate purposes.