Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times c57: Index to Part I

Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times c57

Language: English

Index to Part I

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| *Abhijana* (place of origin) ... | 121 | Alliance *Vide* mitra labha ... | 142 |
| Abhisāras ... | 64, 78 | Ambashṭhas ... | 73, 74, 75, 84 |
| *Abhisheka* 51, 91, 100, 101, 137, | 186 | ⸺ = Abastanoi } ⸺ = Sambastai } | 73 |
| *Abhishikta* (anointed rulers) ... | 180 | ⸺ their government democratic | 73, 74, 81 |
| Abhisheka⸺ | | ⸺ elected their generals ... | 81 |
| ⸺ Of the Lichchhavis ... | 101 | ⸺ listened to the advice of their elders, the latter did not constitute the government | 83 |
| ⸺ Of the Whole country ... | 100 | Ambassadors of the Kshudraka Malava confederacy ... | 69 |
| *Achitta* ... ... | 82*n* | ⸺ hundred in number ... | 69 |
| *Adhyakshaprachāra* ... | 4*n* | ⸺ treated with uncommon hospitality ... ... | 70 |
| Adrestai = Arishṭas of Pāṇini | 65 | ⸺ with full powers to conclude treaty ... | 27 |
| Agga-Kulikā ... ... | 124 | ⸺ foremost citizens as⸺ | 72, 73 |
| Agra Sreṇīs ... | 61, 145 | *Amoghabhūti* (of unfailing prosperity) ... ... | 82 |
| Aikshvākas a branch of Śākyas | 187 | Amara ... ... | 31 |
| *Aiśvarya* ... | 42, 102, 191 | *Amṛita* ... ... | 8 |
| Ajāta-śatru ... | 54, 176, 177, 187 | Anuvinda ... ... | 96 |
| Ajita ... ... | 104 | Andhaka Vṛishṇi 39, 40, 41, 42, 59, 90, 99, 138, 191, 192, 194, | 197 |
| Arodas ... ... | 59*n* | Andhras⸺conquered by Bindusāra but allowed self-government under some Samgha constitution ... | 146 |
| Ajmer ⸺ ... | 152 | | |
| *Akanūphis*⸺the president of the aristocratic government of Nysa ... | 148 | | |
| Akrūra 41, 176, 191, 192, 193, | 195 | | |
| Alexander 33, 34, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 84, 138 142, 144, | 175 | | |
| Alexander's invasion⸺ | | | |
| ⸺ rise of large monarchies ... | 57 | | |
| Alberuni ... ... | 210*n* | | |

c57.3

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Andhras-presumption for their being a non-monarchial state | 147 | Aristotle ... ... | 88 |
| Anga ... ... | 33n | Arjuna ... ... | 121 |
| Aṅka (mark) ... ... | 42,43 | Artha | 5,6,116,127 |
| *Anumati-kappa* (procedure of indemnity) ... | 113 | Asahāya (commentator on Nārada) ... | 85 |
| *Anauttarāddharya* ... | 44 | Ascetics as spies | 99,100 |
| Antiochus ... ... | 141 | Ashṭa-kulaka ... ... | 58 |
| *Antas* (neighbouring states) ... | 143 | Aśoka | 141,142,144,146,147 |
| Anus ... ... | 11 | Assembly | 27,30,31,41,50,114,124 |
| *Apāchyas* (governed by equals) | 91 | Assembly of the Capital ... | 3 |
| *Aparāntas* | 142,143,144 | Association ... ... | 30 |
| Appeal (judicial) ... | 123 | Aṭṭhakulaka—Arthakulaka ... | 185 |
| Arājaka or non-ruler state | 41, 97,98,100,134 | *Aṭṭha-Kathā*—criminal procedure ... ... | 53 |
| —extreme democracy Tolstoïan in ideal ... ... | 97 | Audumbara coins ... | 161 |
| —its legal and communal basis | 134 | Audumbaras ... | 159,160,161 |
| —had probably a written theory of state ... | 172 | Act of indemnity reduced to writing ... ... | 114 |
| —regarded government as an evil ... | 173 | Ābhīras ... ... | 159n. |
| —their theory of social contract borrowed by monarchists ... | 173 | Āddua ... ... | 120 |
| —could be easily conquered ... | 173 | Āditya ... ... | 4 |
| —their life coextensive only with the state ... ... | 173 | Āhuka ... | 176,191,192,195 |
| Arajjas ... ... | 59,78 | Ājīvakas ... ... | 33 |
| *Arhants* ... ... | 46 | Ānanda ... ... | 45,46,47,50 |
| *Ardhabhoktā* ... | 42 | Āpiśali ... ... | 70,71 |
| Aristocracy—(character of its government) ... | 67 | Ārjunāyana ... | 134, 145,158 |
| Aristocratic constitution— | | Ārjunāyanas ... | 40, 57,73,132 |
| Hindu terms for it— ... | 85 | ——A younger political community founded about the Sunga times—the characteristics of their coins : | 154,159, 160, 188 |
| Aristocratic-democracy : states where executive power held by a few hereditary families but subject to a Gaṇa | 84,128,130 | Āryas ... ... | 11 |
| | | Army—regular and hired ... | 60 |
| | | *Āsanapaññāpaka* (seat-regulator) ... | 104 |
| | | *Āyudhajīvī* | 34,35,36,37,38,58 |
| | | Andhaka | 134,192,195 |

c57.4

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Andhras | 143,146 | Black beauty (Śūdra woman described as) | 183 |
| *Agvinaẹ* = Agra Śreṇīs | 61,72,78,145 | Bloomfield | 17*n* |
| # B | | Board of eight Kulikas—investigating into criminal cases subject to the superior jurisdiction of the heads of the Gaṇa | 123 |
| Bahawalpur | 157 | Book of legal precedents—among the Lichchhavis | 124 |
| *Bahutara*—(greater number) | 109 | —meaning, of— | 121, 122, 125 |
| *Bala* (army) | 126 | Brachmanoi—Brāhmaṇako nāma Janapadaḥ | 76 |
| Bāṇa | 1 65*n* | Brahmagupta | 35 |
| Ballot-voting | 27,109,114,134 | *Brāhmaṇa* | 31,36 |
| Beas (*Gr*. Hupanis) | 66,67*n* | *Brahmanya Deva* (Kārttikeya or the God of war) | 150 |
| Bhabru—one of the elected presidents of the Andhaka Vṛishṇi | 191,193,195 | Brahmin Empire | 61 |
| *Bhakti* (constitutional allegiance) | 120 | Boddha | 55,87,114,115,116,188,179, 193,194,195,197 |
| Bhandāgārika | 51 | # C | |
| Bhandarkar, Ramkrishna Gopal | 34 | Cabinet | 51,53,83,84 |
| *Bharga* | 39 | Capitulation of the city | 108 |
| Bharhut sculptures | 179,181 | Caste | 35 |
| Bhatinda | 152 | *Chaitraka* | 41 |
| *Bhaujya* | 39 | *Chaityas* | 46 |
| *Bhaujya* constitution | 89,90, 133 | Chancellor | 45,46 |
| —surviving in modern Bhuj (Kathiawad) | 91,100 | Chancellor of the Exchequer | 51 |
| *Bhāva—Gaṇa* | 32 | Chandrgupta Maurya | 141,146 |
| *Bhaga* | 126,127 | *Chāra* | 126,127 |
| *Bheda* | 126,127,128 | *Charanas* | 20,132 |
| *Bhikkhus* | 47,87,105,106,108, 109,110 | *Charanas* (Vedic) | 132 |
| Bhikshu—Samgha | 46 | *Chhandaka* vide Referendum | 115 |
| *Bhīsma* | 191,194 | Chikkali-Nikāya | 44 |
| Bhoja | 90 | Chumbi Valley | 179 |
| Bhojakas | 90,95,134,142 | Citizen—his liberty jealously guarded | 52 |
| *Bhojapitaram*—(hereditary *Bhoja*) = *Ratthika* or *Rāshtrika* | 89,90,96 | | |
| *Bhojas* | 39,40,60,95,144,144, | | |
| —inferior | 61 | | |

c57.5

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Citizens (inner and outer) | ... 51 | Council of Final Appeal | ... 53 |
| Citizenship | ... 119,170 | Council of Ministers | ... 3,80 |
| City republics on the Indus | ... 157 | Council of Regency | 99 |
| City-states—mentioned as republics by Arrian | 66,84,116 | Councils—Equal right of speech and voting | ... 52 |
| Clerks of the House (Lord clerks)—taking minutes of resolutions and deliberations | ... 113 | Country artificial) | ... 182 |
| | | Court of Appeal | ... 35 |
| | | Court of the Eight | ... 53 |
| —called *Mahárájas* | ... 113 | Court of Justice | ... 53 |
| Chhada *vide* Vote | ... 108 | Criminal justice | ... 130 |
| Chanda, Ramaprasad | ... 81*n* | Criminal procedure (of the Lichchhavis) ... | 184,185 |
| Chandra gupta (Maurya) | 141,146 | —wrong comparision between the Tibetan and the Lichchhavis instituted and the so called resemblance between the two refuted | 184,185,186 |
| Congress-hall | ... 50 | | |
| Congress of Rájagriha | ... 106 | | |
| Congress of Vesáli | ... 104*n* | | |
| Coins | 38,40,42,45,57,62, 65,67,68 | | |
| | | Criminal procedure (Tibetan)—Its stages described | ... 185 |
| Common policy of State | ... 12 | | |
| Common samiti | ... 21 | Confederacies (of the Gaṇas) | 126,128,129,130 |
| Communal-house of Law | ... 50 | Criminal procedure | ... 53 |
| Community—Welfare. (Seven conditions of) | ... 46,47 | Cunningham | ... 40*n*, 62*n etseq* |
| Constitution | ... 37 | | |
| —Bhaujya | ... 90 | | |
| —Pettanikas | ... 95 | ## D | |
| —Gaṇarájya | ... 99 | *Dalai lama* | ... 189 |
| —Dvairájya | ... 96 | *Daṇḍa* | ... 127 |
| —Ráshtrika | ... 95, 96 | *Daṇḍí* | ... 6 |
| —Svárájya | ... 91 | *Dáṇḍaki* | ... 35 |
| —Vairájya | ... 92 | *Daṇḍa-Níti* | ... 5 |
| —Viruddha-rajjáni | ... 99 | *Dána* | ... 126 |
| —Yauvarájya | ... 99 | *Dámani* | ... 35 |
| Constitutional Allegiance *vide Bhakti* | ... 120 | Datárṇas | 40, 155 |
| | | Dása-Bhodha | 8 |
| Constitution (change of) | ... 132 | Degraded castes—Under Hindu rulers | ... ... 148 |
| Coronation | ... 34 | Deliberations | ... 12,80 |
| Corporation | 28,30,34 | | |
| Council of Elders | 77,82,83 | | |

c57.6

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Delegation committee (*ubbahikā*) | 110,111,118 | Elected King—among the Kathas | 81 |
| composition of— | 112 | —among the Patalas | 82 |
| Democracy—of (i) the Ambasthas, (ii) the Kshudrakas and Mālavas | 81 | —among the Kunindas | 82 |
| | | Empire: Gupta | 59 |
| (iii) of Patala ... | 82 | Empire: Maurya | 59 |
| (iv) of the Punjab | 84 | Empire: Saisunāka | 59 |
| (v) *Uttara-Kurus* | 92 | Envoy | 52 |
| (vi) Uttara-Madras | 92 | Era of Prowess, (Vikrama Era) | 152 |
| *Dhamma* | 106,112,116 | | |
| *Dharma* (Law) | 7 | Equality by Kula and | |
| *Dharma-chakra*—a religious empire as opposed to a city state of Dharma | 116 | —by birth, universal | 130 |
| | | Espionage | 129 |
| | | Exchequer | 129 |
| Dharma-sūtras | 21 | Executive authority—delegated to a second chamber ... | 83 |
| Diodorus | 66,81,84 | | |
| Disunion (*bheda*) | 128 | Executive Council | 40,53,88 |
| Disunion—methods of creating | 141 | Executive power | 41 |
| | | Exposure of dead bodies (among the Lichchhavis)— | 181 |
| Division (constitutional sense) | 109 | | |
| Doctors of Law | 53 | —theory of Tibetian origin based upon its existence among the Lichchhavis criticised | 183,184 |
| *Dorājjāni* | 26 | | |
| Double Chamber Constitution | 44 | | |
| Dual groups | 41, 42 | | |
| Dual sovereignty—in Avanti | 96 | ## F | |
| —in Nepal | 96,97 | | |
| Dvairājya (rule of two) | 96, 97, 99 | Federal Council | 42,53,54 |
| | | Federal states—equal votes | 54 |
| ## E | | Fleet Dr. | 20 |
| | | Foreign policy | 30 |
| Ekarāja (monarch) | 141,84 | Franchise | 81 |
| Elders | 18,19,83 | —in the Aristocratic republics vested in the family | 119 |
| Elders (of *Kulas*) | 130 | | |
| Elected general among the Ambasthas | 81 | —in the democracies | 119 |
| | | —in the individual | 120 |
| —among the Lichchhavis | 82 | extended to outsiders | 121 |
| Elected rulers | 42,43 | Free right of discussion | 18 |

c57.7

c57.8

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Gada—(A leader of the Vrishṇis, brother of Kṛishṇa) | 120, 102, 104 | Gaṇas, when conquered by monarchs legal decision made subject to the appellate jurisdiction of the monarch or the royal chief justice, 124, their character | 125—130 |
| *Gāmagámagika* (president of the township) ... | 110 | Gaṇī ... | ... 28, 29 |
| Gaṇa—refers to the whole body politic and in the alternative to Parliament ... | ... 125 | Gāndhāras ... | 60, 142, 144, 145 |
| —defects of their constitution | 126 | —have a *mukhya* instead of a king ... ... | 145 |
| —executive body consisted of the chief and president ... | 125 | —their country famous for wood ... ... | 145 |
| *Gaṇa-bandhana* ... | 30 | —classed with Vasātis and Sibis ... ... | 145, 175 |
| Gaṇa Court | 123, 124 | Gaura-Śiras ... | ... 4 |
| *Gaṇa* | 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 40, 42, 50, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 89, 91, 96, 99, 104, 114, 119, 122, 123, 126, 128, 129, 130, 131, 158, 171, 179, 181 | Gautamīputra ... | ... 152 |
| | | Generalissimo (Senāpati) | 51, 52 |
| | | Glauchukāyana = Glauchukāyanakas | 120 |
| —definition of ... | 31 | *Godāsa* (gaṇa) ... | 131 |
| Gaṇamukhyas (the chief of the Gaṇas) ... | — | Gotamīputra Sātakarṇi Sātavahana | 61 |
| *Gaṇa-mukhya* ... | ... 127 | *Gotra* (race) ... | 122, 130, 132, 133, |
| *Gaṇapūraka* (assembly whip) | 27, 107 | —ethnic and political | 134, 187 |
| Gaṇa Rājás ... | ... 54 | *Gotrāhaka* ... | ... 43 |
| *Gaṇa rājás* ... | ... 51 | Government (abstract) | 28, 132 |
| *Gaṇa rājya* (Government by parliament) | 26, 27 | Grāma ... | 14 |
| *Gaṇa-ráyáṇi* ... | ... 26 | Grāmaṇī | 14, 15, 132 |
| *Gaṇarthaṃ* | 31 | Grīmaṇīkaḥ (town rulers) | ... 157n |
| Gaṇas (religious) | 86, 131 | Great Ṛishis, | 6 |
| Gaṇa-state ... | ... 119 | Greek letters ... | ... 33 |
| Gaṇas governing body of the— | | Grierson ... | 212n, 214 |
| —its functions (i) Conduct the affairs of the community, 125 (ii) held meetings and discussed Resolutions (iii) 125, saw to the administration of justice | 125 | Grünwedel (Prof.) | 182, 182n |
| | | his opinions on the foreign types in Bharhut and Sāñchī sculptures quoted ... | 182 |
| | | Guild | 41 |
| | | *Guhkakaṃ* (Secret method) ... | 100 |

c57.9

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| *Gaṇāṅka* ... | 43 | Imperial Code of Governance... | 4 |
| Guru Govinda Sinha ... | 8 | Imperialism (federal) ... | 187 |
| Gyal-tshab (Regent of Tibet) | 185*n.* | Imperial Systems | 3 |
| | | Incomplete congregation—cannot transact official acts ... | 107 |
| # H | | Indian guild and caste associations ... ... | 129 |
| Haihaya (royal dynasty) ... | 145 | —equality in ... ... | 129, 130 |
| *Harivaṃśa* ... ... | 87 | *Indrapūraka* (kula) ... | 131 |
| *Harsha* ... ... | 165 | Inhabitants (Vasantānaṃ) ... | 51 |
| *Hastyāṅka* ... | 43 | Inscription: Kharvela | 90, 95, 99 |
| Heraldic mark ... | 42 | Inscription: Rudradāman ... | 61 |
| Hereditary leadership ... | 95, 96 | Inscriptions: Aśoka | 60, 89, 95, 96, 100 |
| Hereditary Kings ... | 85 | Inscriptions: Gupta | 92, 95 |
| High Court ... ... | 53 | Intelligence (department) ... | 129 |
| Hindu Constitutions—technical terms for various classes of constitutions ... | 89 | Internal danger (in gaṇas) ... | 130 |
| Hindu Constitutional traditions: decay and revival ... | 3 | Interregnum ... ... | 99 |
| Hindu Kingship .. ... | 25 | Inviolability ... ... | 18 |
| Hindu Law books ... | 24 | *Iśāna* ... ... | 14 |
| Hoernle (Dr.) ... | 40*n*, 131 | *Iśvara*—(ruler—a technical term) — | — 197*n.* |
| Hindu Lawyers ... ... | 6, 7 | | |
| Hindu Politics ... ... | 4, 6, 7 | # J | |
| Hindu Republic—Ancient terms ... | 26 | Jaina Sūtras on forms of government — | 99, 121 |
| Hindu republics—a retrospect | 137-138 | Jaipur State — | — 152 |
| Hindu Republics | 3, 25, 28, 33, 35, 81 | *Jaishṭhya* (eldership) ... | 91 |
| —Procedure of deliberation ... | 103 | *Jamti* (Mild and minute interrogation in the Tibetan Judicial procedure) — | — 185*n* |
| Hoshyarpur — | — 151 | Janamejaya ... ... | 137 |
| House of Law ... | ... 52, 85 | *Janapada* ... ... | 49 |
| Huna invasion — | — 165 | *Janapada* (mahārāja) ... | 135 |
| Hyphasis ... ... | 66 | *Janapada* (Rājanya) ... | 134 |
| # I | | *Janus* ... ... | 11*n* |
| Ikshvāku—(Kshattriya dynasty) | 188 | Jauhar ... ... | 73 |
| Ikshvākus ... ... | 100 | | |

c57.10

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Jālamáni ... | 35 | *Kapisthalas* ... ... | 160 |
| Jayaráma ... | 10*n*, 19*n* | Karaka-desiyas ... ... | 135 |
| Jánaki | 35 | Karaka-Játiyas ... ... | 135 |
| Jānapada 1, | 34, 36, 41, 92, 120, 121 | Karkota Nágar ... ... | 152 |
| | | Karmardhi (founder of a kula) | 131 |
| Játi (birth not caste) ... | 119 | Karpatas ... ... | 156 |
| —(a secondary character) ... | 135 | Kashmīras ... ... | 155 |
| Johiyá Rajputs—(Vide Yaudheya) ... | 151 | Katha 120, | 134,108,160,188 |
| | | Katha-desiyas ... ... | 135 |
| Joint federal constitution ... | 41 | Katha-Jatiyas ... ... | 135 |
| Jolly ... | 30,65,203*et seq* | Katha philosopher ... | 82,88 |
| Judicial administration ... | 123 | Kathians ... ... | 64 |
| Judicial Assembly ... | 3 | —Kathas | |
| Judicial business—elaborate records kept ... ... | 114 | ——one of the most powerful 'nations' of India ... | 4,65 |
| Judicial minister... ... | 52 | ——their capital *Sankala*. | |
| Judiciary ... | 3 | ——their social customs ... | 66 |
| Jury | 53, 110 | ——their law for destruction of weaklings among children | 66,81 |
| —(ubbahiká)-udváhik *vide* delegation committee | 110, 111 | ——election of their 'King'... | 81 |
| Jury (sabhá) odd number enjoined ... ... | 110 | Kaundaparatha ... ... | 35 |
| | | Kákas ... ... | 156 |
| —of neighbours deciding land dispute ... | 110 | Kálidása—and the Utsava-Saṅketas ... ... | 156 |
| —Decision of honest majority to prevail in case of division | 110 | Kámandaka | |
| | | *Kámadhenu* ... ... | 7 |
| | | Kási-Kosala ... ... | 54 |
| **K** | | Kahada (founder of a family) | 145 |
| *Kalaha* (disputation) ... | 87 | Kakutstha (founder of a family) ... | 145 |
| *Kalki* ... | 167 | | |
| *Kalpataru* ... | 7 | Kámbojas—Identified with the people on the Kabul river (modern Kaboh). | 142,147 |
| *Kalons* (Ministers' Court in Tibet) ... | 185,186*n* | | |
| *Kammaváchá* [placing the resolution text before the assembly] ... | 107,108 | *Kanaktaki* ... ... | 35 |
| | | *Kantambi* ... ... | 39,48 |
| | | *Káya* ... ... | 44 |
| Kambhojas—inferior Bhojas | 60,61,62,142 | Kekayas ... ... | 155 |
| | | Kerala (called Ugra) ... | 100 |

c57.11

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Keralaputo ... | 100 | Kshudhrakas mentioned by | |
| Kharaparas = Kharaparikas ... | 156n | Patañjali but afterwards never | |
| — probably Karpaṭas of Mahā- | | mentioned, probably fully | |
| Bhārata ... | 156 | amalgamated with the Mālavas | |
| Khattris ... | 59 | during their migration | 152, |
| Khattris — of Sindh ... | 62 | | 155,170,174 |
| —— of the Panjab ... | 62 | *Kula* (elders) | 53,85,89,123,126, |
| Khāravela ... | 142 | | 127,128 |
| King-consul ... | 81,89,95 | *Kula* (family) — as the basis of | |
| Kings — ... | 11 | franchise ... | 119,120 |
| — election disputed in a fable | | *Kula* (in the sense of a court) | — |
| on grounds of unpleasant | | — presided over by *Kulakas* | 122,124 |
| presence ... | 116 | *Kula* (states) ... | 86,119 |
| — two hereditary ... | 124 | *Kulaputta* (cadet of a family) | |
| Kongdus (joint heads of local | | careers open to ... | 89,119 |
| administration of the two | | *Kula* of *Rājās* ... | 85 |
| divisions in the Chumbi | | *Kulaka* ... | 58 |
| Valley) ... | 180 | *Kula-saṅgha* ... | 85,128 |
| Kosalas | 38,39,48,49,54,103 | —— Elders ... | 130 |
| Kṛishṇa — elected president of | | *Kulas*, religious ... | 86 |
| the Andhaka-Vrishṇi, states | | *Kulina* (aristocrats) ... | 123 |
| his difficulties in conducting | | Kukuras | 57,59,155157,194,197 |
| the federal council | 42,87,120 | Kuṇindas = Kaulindas = Kauṇ- | |
| | 169,176 *pp*, 191,197 | inda = Kalindrine — their | |
| Kṛishṇāyana ... | 116 | coins are struck in the name | |
| *Kṛita* ... | 152 | of the King and the political | |
| *Kshattriyas* | 34,60 61,74,100,122 | community ... | 82 |
| Kshudraka-Mālavas | | Kurus | 11,57,58,59,131,137 |
| —— their league outlived the | | Kushaṇ coins ... | 45 |
| Maurya Empire ... | 71 | | |
| —— had no king | 100,150 | | |
| —— sent citizens to negotiate | | # L | |
| peace ... | 81 | | |
| —— elected a general ... | 81 | Lachehu — (a corruption of | |
| —— their handsome looks | 87, | Lakshmaṇa in Bihar and Doab) | 187 |
| | 183,134,138 | *Lakshaṇa* ... | 42 |
| Kshudhrakas | 34,35,37,38,60, | *Lakshaṇa-Adhyaksha* ... | 42 |
| | 68,69,70,71,72,75,81,84,86,142 | *Lakshmaṇa* ... | 187 |
| | | Lakshmīdhara ... | 7 |

c57.12

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| *Lāñchhana* ... | 42, 43, 44 | Magistrates of self governed cities | 63 |
| Laws for Kings ... | ... 7 | —pronouncing final orders *re* weaklings among the children of Kaṭha tribe | 66 |
| Laws of republics | ... 123 | | |
| Lawyer-Judges ... | 58 | Mahābhoja ... | 90, 107 |
| Leaders of *gaṇas* | 129, 130 | Mahá-Kassapa ... | ... 106 |
| Lechchakis ... | 54 | *Mahārāja* ... | ... 39 |
| Legal procedures | ... 129 | Mahārāja-Janapada ... | 159 |
| (vyavahāra) | | —republican, of the democratic type ... | 159 |
| Legislation ... | 134 | | |
| Lévi, Sylvain ... | 38, 48n 59 | —their Śaiva coins | 159 |
| Lechchhavika—owning allegiances to the Lechchhavi constitution ... | 121 | Mahárájá (title of the recorders of the House ... | 113, 114, 120, 121 |
| Lichchhavis 45, 48, 50, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 68, 82, 85, 114, 124 | | *Mahattaka* (distinguished members) ... | ... 52 |
| —their handsome looks 87, 96, 163, 165, 170, 171, 174, 175, 176, 179, 183, 184, 185 | | Mahávīra ... | 179, 54 |
| | | Makkhalis ... | ... 33 |
| —a ramification of the Videhas | 185 | Mālava-gaṇa | 29 |
| —the derivation of the word from Sanskrit root discussed | 186 | *Mālavah* 134, 35, 37, 38, 60, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 77, 81, 84, 154, 155, 170, 174 | |
| Life of Appollonius of Tyana | 86 | Malavaka ... | ... 175 |
| Lord Clerks—(recorders of the House) ... | 113, 114 | Mālavas—their modern descendants | 34, 57, 87, 151, 152, 153 |
| | | *Málavyaḥ* ... | 84 |
| ## M | | Malawai dialect ... | ... 152 |
| Madhyadeśa ... | ... 137 | Mallakas ... | 57, 58, 121 |
| Mādhyamakeyas ... | ... 155 | Mallakis ... | ... 54 |
| Madhyamikā ... | ... 153 | Mallas | 48, 49, 50, 54, 58, 59 |
| Madraka (One of Madra bhakti) | 121 | —two ... | 131, 187 |
| Madrakas 57, 58, 59, 154, 155, 156, 175 | | Malloi ... | ... 34, 68 |
| | | *Mānāṅka* ... | 43 |
| Madras 39, 88, 92, 120, 131, 133, 134, 138, 151, 155, 174, 188 | | *Mānava Artha-S'ástra* | 8 |
| | | *Mantra* ... | 12, 30, 83, 126, 127 |
| —their migration into Rajputana ... | ... 151 | *Mantradhara* | 40, 83, 151, 181 |
| Magian features (in the religion of the Lichchhavis) | 179 | (those vested with the policy of state) | |
| | | *Mantra-gupti* ... | ... 127 |
| | | *Mantra-saṁvaraṇa* | ... 126 |

c57.13

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Manu ... | 8, 110, 125 | ## N | |
| Martial states (composed of men of all castes) ... | 134 | Nabhāka ... | 145 |
| —of Eastern Rajputana ... | 151 | Nachiketas ... | 82 |
| *Matsya* ... | 7, 155 | Nahapāna ... | 152 |
| Mātsya-Nyāya (anarchy) ... | 97 | Nanda army ... | 67 |
| Matters of state... ... | 12 | *Narishtā* ... | 17*n.*, 18 |
| Maundi-nikāya ... | 44 | Nation (territorial) 132, post-Vedic, artificial and philosophic stage ... | 133 |
| Municipalities ... | 44 | National assembly ... | 11 |
| Maurya Empire — extending up to Persia ... | 141 | National judicature ... | 18 |
| Megasthenes 25, 63, 84, 132, 133, 189 | | Nationality (political) ... | 133 |
| —divides the country into two forms of government ... | 63 | Nationality (tribal) ... | 133 |
| Menander ... | 38, 95 | *Natti-chatuttha* (The four ñatti procedure)—motions moved thrice—the rules re them ... | 107, 108 |
| Military Art ... | 36, 37 | *Natti dutiya* (the one ñatti procedure, (rules re motions moved once ... | 108, 102, 109 |
| Mint-Master ... | 42 | Natti = Jñapti Vide Motion ... | 104 |
| Minutes of the meeting ... | 113, 114 | *Naya* ... | 6 |
| Mongolian origin of Hindu republics (the theory of) ... | 179 | Nābhakas ... | 133, 145 |
| based on the snubnoses in Bhārhut and Sāñchī sculptures, and the customs of the Himalayan hill-men 179, refuted pp. | 180-189 | Nābha-paṅktis ... | 143, 145 |
| *Mitra-lābha* (alliance) ... | 142 | Nābhitino (the three Nābhas) | 145 |
| —to allow the strong to live and the weak to be reduced ... | 142 | Nāgar ... | 152 |
| Mixed constitution ... | 123 | Nāgaras—(citizens of the capital or the members of the capital Assembly) ... | 115 |
| Monarchical nations ... | 58 | Nānī ... | 45 |
| Monarchy ... | 34, 35 | Nārada the Sage to whom Kṛishṇa relates his political troubles ... 169, pp. | 191—917 |
| Mote-hall ... | 50, 114 | Negama (City Assembly) ... | 115 |
| Motion 104, 105, 107, 114, 184 | | Nemi ... | 87 |
| (ñatti or Jñapti) | | Nepal ... | 59 |
| Musicani—Muchukarṇa ... | 75 | —coins ... | 43 |
| = Mousikanos ... | 37 | *Nibandhakāra* ... | 6, 7 |
| *Mukuṭa-bandhana* coronation of the Mallas ... | 101 | | |

c57.14

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Nikāyas ... | 44 | —analogy with Spartan constitution ... | 77 |
| Nivāsa (domicile) ... | 121 | —two hereditary kings as commanders ... | 77 |
| Nīlakaṇṭha ... | 6 | Pañchālas 12, 14, 31, 57, 58, 59, 187 | |
| *Nichyav* ... | 91 | Pancha Tantra ... | 6 |
| *Nīti* ... | 6 | Panday (Mr.) ... | 172 |
| Non-delegation System among the democracies ... | 84 | Paṅkti ... | 145 |
| Non monarchical communities in the inscription of Samudragupta ... | 156n | Pargiter ... | 74n |
| Nysa ... | 33 | Parikshit ... | 137 |
| | | Parishad (Parishat) 13, 15, 20, 21 | |
| **O** | | *Párśva* ... | 35 |
| Odomboeres ... | 160 | *Paṭṭāvalis* ... | 86 |
| Oligarchy of the Bhoja Pettanika ... | 96 | Pati ... | 14 |
| One-Chamber constitution ... | 44 | Patiala state ... | 152 |
| Opinion of the majority 103, 104 | | Paura ... | 3, 32 |
| Opposition to a motion 115, 116 | | *Pāchittiya* (reopening of a settled question liable to censure) ... | 113 |
| Ossadioi ... | 74 | *Pālana* ... | 5 |
| Ostracism (among the Arājakas) ... | 173 | Pāṇini 92, 94, 120, 121, 122, 132, 134, 135 | |
| Oxydrakai = Kshudrakas 34, 68, 72, 86 | | Pāras kara (district) ... | 135 |
| **P** | | Pātāna-prastha ... | 77 |
| Parliament 27, 50, 52, 83, 84, 85, 114 | | Pātimokkha ... | 104 |
| —of 50000 representatives 67, 180 | | Pitinikas 142, 143, 157 | |
| Parliament (federal) ... | 191 | Persian Coins ... | 33 |
| Parliament—matters discussed in 52 | | Pettanika 89, 90, 119, 142, 108, 157 | |
| Parthian Sakas ... | 152 | Philostratus ... | 86 |
| Party ... | 41, 42 | *Pitenikas* (see) Pettanikas | |
| *Patala* ... | 77, 85, 128, 171 | Pitentikas ... | 95, 96 |
| —preference for migration to submission ... | 77 | Pointless speeches (*anaggaṁ*) precautions against 110, 111, 112 | |
| | | —Referred to a jury or commission ... | 110, 111 |
| | | Political Authority—resting with the Gaṇa or Saṁgha ... | 82 |

c57.15

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Political loyalty, open to strangers ... | 134 | —settlement of pointless speech by the delegation committees ... ... | 112 |
| Politico-religious books | 8 | Praváhaṇa Jaivala (or Jaivali) | 12,13 |
| Popular assemblies ... | 11 | Ptolemy ... ... | 61 |
| Political spies ... | 92, 100 | Pulindas—a dravidian people but republican ... | 143, 146 |
| Poros ... | 64,78,175 | Punch-marked coins ... | 43 |
| Pradhána ... ... | 125 | Panjab ... | 38,59 |
| *Pradhána* ... ... | 127 | Pushkara ... ... | 7 |
| Pradyumna ... | 120, 192 | Pushyamitra republic | |
| *Prajápati* ... ... | 5, 15 | —founded by one Pushyamitra | |
| Pratijñā (resolution) ... | 105 | —developed great power and wealth, inflicted a defeat on the imperial forces under Kumaragupta, — harassed Skanda-gupta who crushed them ... | 163, 164, 165 |
| Prāchī ... | 137 | Pushyamitras (republican people) ... | 163,164,165 |
| Prārjunas ... ... | 156n | Pushyamitra ... ... | 134 |
| (identical with Prājjūṇaka) ... | 156n | *Pūga* ... | 41,124 |
| President ... ... | 53 | Pūgagāmaṇika (president of the industrial guilds) ... | 119 |
| —giving punishment in his own name ... ... | 124 | | |
| —his election or selection | 37,91,129,130, 163, 180 | ### Q | |
| Presidents of the Lichchhavis highest judicial authority ... | 52 | Queen of Sciences ... | 88 |
| —his decisions carefully recorded ... | 52 | Quorum ... | 27, 107, 114 |
| —termed as *Rājā* ... | 51 | —number of twenty for all formal acts ... ... | 107 |
| Presti—? Prasthalas ... | 76 | ### R | |
| Principles of Government ... | 133 | Race (gotra) ... ... | 130 |
| Principle of representation ... | 145 | Rapson ... ... | 38n. 43,65,*etseq*. |
| Procedure of Censure against misdemeanours in speech ... | 113 | Raṭṭhapāla ... ... | 123n |
| Procedure of indemnity (*anumatikappa*) ... ... | 113 | *Raṭṭhika* ... ... | 89,95 |
| —rejected by followers of Buddhism ... ... | | | |
| Procedure of majority | 109, 110, 111, 115 | | |
| Proceeding in presence (*Sammukha Vinaya*) ... | 112 | | |

c57.16

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Rāja-Dharma ... | ... 5 | Republican in the name of gaṇa | 132 |
| Rajagriha ... | ... 106 | —in the name of the country | 132 |
| *Rājaka* ... | 31, 41, 51 | —With gaṇas as Protector (*trātārya*) ... | ... 132 |
| *Rājakulas* | 85 | —in Rajputana ; recorded in Mahā-Bhārata ... | ... 155 |
| Rāja—election and re-election | 11 | —new historical instances | 131, 132 |
| —President of republic. *Vide* President ... | ... 185 | Republican States— | 7, 64, 82 |
| *Rājanya* form of government | 36, 39, 40, 41' 57, 134, 154 | —And the Guptas | 163, 164 |
| Rājanyas—proper name of a political people | 100, 158 | —administration procedure ... | ... 49 |
| —a democracy ... | 159, 160 | —bravery ... | ... 170 |
| —whole Janapada consecrated to rulership ... | ... 159 | —dharma of and | |
| *Rājanyaka* ... | ... 31 | —dharma sangha ... | ... 117 |
| *Rāja Śabdin* republic which recognized the title of *Rājan* | 84 | —enumerated : *Kolyas, Kaundibrisas Mallas Moriyas, Licchavis, Sakyas Videhas,* | |
| *Rājaśabdopajīvin* ... | ... 36 | | |
| *Rāja-Śāstra* ... | ... 5 | | |
| *Rāja vishaya* (self ruling districts) under Aśoka | 143, 144 | | |
| —Six out of eight republican | 146 | —*Bulis, Bhaggas* | 48, 49 |
| *Rājñaka* ... | ... 43 | —formation of new | 131-135 |
| Rājūkas—(Kinglets) ... | ... 85 | —Gopālavas | |
| Rāma-Dāsa ... | ... 8 | —in Artha Śāstra ... | ... 57-82 |
| Rāshtrika | 89, 90, 95, 96, 119, 134, 142, 144 | —in Buddhist literature ... | ... 45 |
| Rāshtrika—Sāpatya (board of leaders not hereditary) ... | ... 95 | —in Greek writers ... | ... 63 |
| Realm Diet ... | ... 3 | —in Kāsika ... | ... 79 |
| *Referendum* (Chhandaka) of the whole city to elect a king to a vacant throne ... | ... 115 | —intellectual and physical ... | ... 86-88 |
| Republic | 28, 30, 34, 36, 37, 38, 116, 125 | —king consul | 57, 59, 60 |
| —national or tribal basis ... | ... 132 | —Maurya policy towards ... | ... 141 |
| Republican coins : | 48 | —mostly obliterated during the imperialism ... | ... 149 |
| —dissensions | 173, 177 | —nation-in-arms ... | ... 60 |
| | | —noted by Greek historians ... | ... 64 |
| | | —Pāṇini ... | ... 33-44 |
| | | —principle of equality prevailed among them ... | ... 170 |

c57.17

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| —their system of justice | 53 | —their re-appearance in Sunga times, their migration | |
| —the Málavas (Malavis) their modern descendants | 153 | —their longevity | 174 |
| —the Maurya policy of breaking up of ... | 1:8 | —the legends on their coins | 153,142 |
| —under Aśoka ... | 142,148 |
| —their administrative virtnes | 170 | —under the Mauryas | 141,148 |
| —their cultures | | —their status varied according to their strength | 142 |
| —their disappearance | 163-165 | Republic of polities | 117 |
| —their love of liberty and migrations | 154,155 | —turned into trade guilds | 59 |
| Representatives ... | 14 |
| —their moral assets: a high sense of justice, discipline, respect for popular feeling... | 169 | *Res Judicata* ... | 118 |
| Resolution procedure | 115 |
| —their systems estimated; | | Resolution | |
| p. p. 159 ... | 177 | —before the samgha | 105 |
| —their weak points: many of these were small, devoured by large states and ceased to exist when conquered | 175 | 18,116, 114, 184 |
| —moved at the instance of the Boddha ... | 105 |
| —party affected formally informed of ... | 105 |
| —its mover ... | 104 | —repeated thrice assembly remaining silent, was declared carried | 105 |
| their disappearance in the end of the fifth cent. | | Revenue (collection of) | 129 |
| —were a nation at arms prone to form leagues | 170 | *Rohana* (founder of a gaṇa)... | 131 |
| —unnamed on the Ravi | 65,66,67,68 | Rolls (paveni-potthakán) | 52 |
| Rudradáman | 149,150 |
| —with a career of years | 138, 1000 | Rule of Law ... | 97,98,99 |
| Republican Rule (rajjam) ... | 51 | Ruler, a servant of the ruled | 134 |
| Republican system post—Vedic and artificial, —tribal and philosophic ... | 183 | Rulers: their classification ... | 100 |
| —(i) Ugra, (ii) Bhoja (iii) Rájanya ... | 100 |
| Republics (Hindu Republics) their ethnology the theory of their Mongolian origin criticized | 179—189 | Rūpakamma (designer) | 182 |
| —in S'uṅga times and later | 149 | ### S |
| —their final dissppearance in the Gupta period | 155 | *Sabda* (title) ... | 36 |
| *Sabhá* ... | 14,15 ; 17-21 |

c57.18

c57.19

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| Sākyas 18, 49, 50, 87, 108, 116, 117, 120, 188 | | Sind Valley ... ... | 38, 39 |
| —their nationality described | 187 | Śini ... ... | 41 |
| *Sāma* ... ... | 126 | Sister marriage (the custom of) does not prove alien origin of the Śākyas | 187, 188 |
| *Sāpaleyyam* = Pettanika | 89, 90, 95 | Sivaji Chhatrapati ... | 8 |
| *Śāphālka* ... ... | 41 | Sodrai—Saudras ... | 74*n* |
| *Śāstra-Vārttāḥ* ... ... | 62 | Sohgaura plate ... ... | 44 |
| *Śāstropajīvin* ... ... | 86 | Somadeva ... ... | 7 |
| Sātvat Bhojas ... ... | 174 | Sophoi ... ... | 86 |
| Sātvats 39, 90, 91, 100, 181, 188, 189 | | Sophytes = Saubhūti | 65, 66, 120 |
| —Constitution ... ... | 159 | —Sopeithes ... ... | 66 |
| Schisms (in Buddhist samgha) | 13 | —their Social customs ... | 66 |
| Scope and sources (of Hindu Polity) | 3-8 | —the Intense political character of the individual | 81 |
| Sculpture ... ... | 181 | —their handsome looks ... | 87 |
| Seals ... ... | 42 | *Soratha* ... ... | 61 |
| Seats in the assembly ... | 104 | Sovereign Assembly | 1, 11 |
| Second House—composed of elected elders ... ... | 81, 83 | Sovereign states ... | 37 |
| Seleucus ... ... | 141 | Sovereign—Whole country ... | 55 |
| *Seuś* ... ... | 20 | Sovira ... ... | 68 |
| Senāpati (General) ... | 185 | Spartan constitution ... | 66 |
| Senate ... ... | 41 | Spies ... ... | 128 |
| Senart ... 72, 82*n*, | 179*et seq* | *Śraughna-deśīyas* ... | 135 |
| Sibis ... ... | 155 | *Śraughna-jātīyas* ... | 135 |
| Siboi = Śibis ... | 68, 74, 75, 77 | *Śreṇīs* ... ... | 60, 73, 74 |
| —Śaibyas ... ... | 68 | Standards ... ... | 42 |
| —Śivis ... ... | 68 | State ... ... | 28 |
| —their migration—their coins ... ... | 153 | State based on contract ... | 184 |
| Signature ... ... | 43 | State mark ... ... | 43 |
| Sikhs ... ... | 87 | States—ambiguously described | 78 |
| *Śilpa* (art) ... ... | 87 | Phegelas = ? Bhagala ... | |
| *Śmaśāna* (crematorium) ... | 184 | Glausai or Glaukanikoi | |
| Smith, Vincent ... ... | 143 | States bearing personal names | 134 |
| Sindhu ... ... | 121 | State-secret ... ... | 128 |
| Sindhu Sauviras ... | 38 | Strabo ... ... | 66 |
| | | Sudhammā Sabhā (The Hall of good law) ... ... | 113 |

c57.20

c57.21

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| **U** | | Varga ... | 41,122 |
| Uddeha (gaṇa) ... | 131 | *Vargīa* ... | 141 |
| Udīchīs (Northerners ... | 144 | Varāha—Mihira | 62,157 |
| Ugra ... | 100 | *Varshakāra* ... | 176 |
| Ugrasena—one of the elected presidents of the Andhaka Vrishṇi ... | 191,193 | Vaśa ... | 137 |
| Ugrasena ... | 195,197 | Vasātis ... | 75 |
| Ugrasena Babhru ... | 41 | *Vāsudeva* (Krishṇa) | 192,194 |
| Un-anointed ruler ... | 101 | Vāsudeva ... | 41,42,120,121 |
| —an unlawful ruler—a term of contempt in Hindu politics | 101 | *Vasu-gaṇa* ... | 32 |
| —applied to foreign tribes in the Purāṇas ... | 101 | Vatsas ... | 39,40 |
| Upāli ... | 106 | Vāhīka ... | 34,36,38,78,159 |
| Uparāja (vice—president—of republic) ... | 185 | *Vākyāḥ* ... | 126 |
| *Upajīv* ... | 30,37 | Vājapeya ... | 91 |
| *Upāya* ... | 5 | Vāmarathas ... | 159,160 |
| Upper House of Elders ... | 73 | *Vārtā sastropajīvinaḥ* ... | 60,67 |
| Urṇa-Nābhas ... | 145 | Vāsiṣhṭhas, Mallas styled as ... | 187 |
| Uśanas ... | 5 | Vedic Assemblies ... | 9—16 |
| Uśīnara ... | 137 | =Coronation ... | 12 |
| Uśana's Daṇḍa-Nīti | 6 | =Kingship ... | 11 |
| Utsava-Saṅketas— | 156,157 | =rituals used in the consecration to political rule by the republicans | 188-189 |
| Uttamabhadras | 152 | *Vibhedana* ... | 126 |
| Uttara Kuru ... | 92,93,137,138 | Vice president (Uparājā) ... | 51 |
| Uttara Madras ... | 58,92,93,94,174 | Vidatha ... | 20 |
| *Uttarāpatha* (northern regions) | 144 | *Videhas* 39,43,45,48,53,58, | 132,170, |
| Uttara-Valissaha (gaṇa) ... | 131 | *Vidyā* (Science) | 87 |
| Uvāla (Bhikkhu) | 105, 106 | Vikrama ... | 61 |
| | | Village constitution | 14,15 |
| **V** | | Village panchāyat ... | 63 |
| Vaiśālī ... | 51,54,85,186 | *Vinaya* 105, 106, 107, 108, | 114, 112 |
| Vaisya ... | 11 | Vinda ... | 96 |
| Vairājya (Kingless constitution) 92, 94, 99, 100, | 138, 181, 189 | Vinichchaya Mahāmāttas ... | 53 |
| | | *Viruddha-rajjāni* (states ruled by parties) ... | 99 |
| | | *Viruddha rājya* ... | 42 |

c57.22

| | PAGES | | PAGES |
| *Virāj*— | 94 | *Winichchhiya mahāmatta*—*Viniś-* | |
| President of vairājya republics | 94 | *chaya mahāmātra* | — 185*n.* |
| *Viśaḥ* | 11 | Whitney | 20*n* |
| Viśvāmitra | 161 | Winternitz | 214 |
| *Vivātakaṁ* (open method of | | | |
| vote taking) | 110 | ## X | |
| Vohārikas | 53 | | |
| *Vohārikā*=*Vyāvahārikā* | 185 | Xathroi | 59,61,74 |
| Vote—(Chhanda) 103,104,108, | | | |
| 109 115 | | ## Y | |
| —Connoting free will and choice | 108 | *Yadus* | 11,188 |
| —Of absentees | 108,109 | *Yak* sacrifice | 180,181 |
| Means of taking | 110 | Yaksha | 181,182 |
| Vyāḍi (grammarian) | 133 | Yakshiṇī | — 181 |
| Vote taking: Open method | | Yasodharman | — 165 |
| (*Vivātakaṁ*) | 110 | Yauvarājya | 99 |
| Secret method (Guḷhakaṁ)... | 110 | *Yukta* | 127 |
| Whispering method | | *Yādavas* | 40,90,194,197 |
| (Sakaṇṇa-jappakaṁ) | 110 | Yaudheya 35,36,39,40,49,57, | |
| Voting | 134 | 61,67,74,78,83,133,134,145,149 | |
| Vyāsa | 19*n* | —their constitution: had an | |
| Voting tickets (Śalākā) | 27,109,110 | elected president; had an exe- | |
| —Made of wood | 109 | cutive committee; their coins | |
| Vṛiddhas (elders) | 19,57,58,83 | and seals struck in the name | |
| Vṛijika (One of Vṛiji Bhakta) | 120 | of Yaudheyas and their cabinet | 151 |
| Vṛishṇis 40,41,66,77,87,120,132, | | —survived the Mauryan | |
| 134,157,169,188,191,195 | | empire, the Satraps, the | |
| Vṛiji—Vajjis 39,45,49,53, | | Kushanas—their military | |
| 186,120,121,123,124,138 | | glory in Second Century | |
| Vṛika | 35,58 | A. C testified by Rudra- | |
| *Vṛishṇi Saṁgha*... | 120 | dāman,—by Samudra Gupta | 149 |
| *Vyavahāra* | 127 | —their elected president 150, | |
| | | their coins found all over the | |
| ## W | | country between the Sutlej | |
| | | and the Jumna: their presi- | |
| Wajjian—Vrijjian | —184n. | ding deity or state-lakshaṇa | |
| Weber | 70*n* | Kārttikeya, the god of hero- | |
| Walsh (E. H.) | 179,180 | ism and war | 150 |
| Weber and Āpiśali | 70 | | |

c57.23

—their next destroyer: foreign rule of the northern Satraps leading to the immigration of the stronger republics to Rajputana—154, 155, 174, 181, 188

c57.24

—their disappearance from history sometime before the tenth century A. C.—the Johiya Rajputs their modern descendants. 151, 152

c57.25

Yaudheya *Gaṇa* (Yaudheya Parliament) ... ... 150

c57.26

Yaudheya coins—Three classes of 150

c57.27

Yavanas ... ... 38, 146, 147

c57.28

Asoka's Yavanas contiguous to the Kâmbojas. Greek colony on or near the Kabul river, were self-ruling—organised as a city state of the Indian republican type in the time of Alexander, probably Perso-Greeks. Hinduised Greeks—regarded as Indians by Alexander's companions.—their state organised as aristocracy—their president called *Akoubhis*. 147–148