Hindu Law and Custom (Recht und Sitte) c8.169

c8.169

The position of the pupil (*śiṣya*) with his teacher and of the apprentice (*antevāsin*) with his master is also considered in the light of the relation between master and servant (Nār. 5, 3, 8—21). The rules for the conduct of a Brahmacārin who spends the period of his learning, up to the completion of his study of the Veda, with a Guru and during this period who has to show also outwardly every kind of respect to the teacher and even to his family, are usually given in religious law, and that in the most exhaustive manner; they constitute one of the chief factors of Āśramadharma². The apprentice too must continue with his master till the expiry of his period of learning and shall render him services; the master shall treat him as his son and must not employ him in works of a different nature. At the end of the period of learning the pupil must remunerate his teacher and the apprentice his master in adequate manner. Even in the case of prostitutes (*veśyā*) a stipulation for service is made subject to principles given above (Nār. 6, 18 f.). A relation of piety exists between the sacrificial priest (*Ṛtvij*), particularly the hereditary family priest (*Purvajuṣṭa*), and the laity (*Yājya*) who employ and pay them. Dissolution of this relation without mutual consent is punishable (Vi. 5, 113 f. etc.).