Hindu Law and Custom (Recht und Sitte) c9.4

c9.4

the murder of a Kṣatriya or a Vaiśya actually engaged in a sacrifice, of a woman in her courses or of a woman who has not bathed after temporary uncleanness or of a pregnant woman or of an embryo of unknown sex or of one who begs for protection; sins equal to the drinking of spirituous liquors are: giving false witness and murder of a friend; sins equal to theft of gold are: usurpation of land belonging to a Brahman and the embezzlement of an entrusted property; sins equal to the sexual intercourse with the wife of a teacher are: intercourse with the wife of father's brother, of a maternal grandfather of a father-in-law, of a king, and other incests; (4) lesser crimes (upapātaka): are hypocritical bragging, denunciation before the king, false accusations against a teacher, to revile or forget the Veda, abandoning parents, son, wife or the sacred fire intentionally, indulging in forbidden food and drink, usurpation of property belonging to others, adultery, sacrifice for low people, improper occupation, receiving unlawful presents, killing a Kṣatriya, Vaiśya, Śudra or a cow, selling forbidden articles, marriage of the younger brother before that of the elder, every kind of abetting to these transgressions, the mode of life of an outcast (vrātya), teaching and studying the Veda for a reward, work in the mines, manufacturing big machines, injuring trees or plants, earning livelihood by means of the wife, magic, violent actions, neglect of sacrifices, Vedic studies and other religious duties, reading bad books, atheism, the profession of a dancer or a singer, intercourse with women who take spirituous drinks; (5) crimes which entail excommunication out of the caste, namely injuring a Brahman, smelling of disgusting things and spirituous liquors, dishonesty, sexual intercourse with beasts or men; (6) crimes which degrade the perpetrator to a mixed caste, namely injuring household or wild animals; (7) crimes which render the perpetrator unfit to accept