History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v4.c62.114.2

v4.c62.114.2

144–146 give six of the twelve examples of Kauṭ. and Kām. I. 58 is the same as the last verse of Kauṭilya I. 6. Vide Mārkaṇḍeya 27. 12–13. In the Vāsavadattā of Subandhu (Hall's ed. pp. 273–276) there is a long list of the kings of antiquity (Purūravas, Nahuṣa, Yayāti, Sudyumna, Nala and nine others) who suffered owing to some failing or other in themselves. The Udyogaparva (74. 13–18) mentions by name 18 kings who by their evil career destroyed themselves, their friends and relatives (such as Mudāvarta of the Haihayas, Janamejaya of the Nīpas, Bahula of Tālajaṅghas, Dhautamūlaka of the Cīnas). This shows that Cīna does not probably stand for modern China in the epic. Manu VII. 44 (= Matsya 215. 55) also emphasizes the necessity for the king incessantly to curb the senses and not to fall a prey to vices arising from *kāma* and *krodha*. Manu (VII. 45–48) enumerates ten vicious tendencies due to *kāma* (desire for pleasures) viz. hunting, gambling, sleep by day, finding fault (with others), women, drunkenness, (excessive indulgence in) dancing, singing and instrumental music, and aimless wandering; and eight vicious tendencies due to krodha (hot temper) viz. tale-bearing, violence, treachery, envy, slander, (improper) seizure of property, reviling and assault. Manu further declares (VII. 50) that among the vices due to *kāma*, drinking wine, gambling, women and hunting are the most harmful, each preceding one being worse than each succeeding one and (VII.