History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v4.c62.470.2

v4.c62.470.2

The trouble caused by a provincial Governor or the officer in charge of boundaries (*antapāla*), the chief of wild tribes or a conquered king is termed external. The king should meet it by setting up one against the other. The encampment of an army is to be made on a site declared to be the best according to the science of buildings and measured by the *nāyaka* (the chief of the army), carpenter and astrologer, the encampment being circular, square or rectangular and having four gates, six roads and nine divisions. Disputes, drinking, holding merry gatherings (*samāja*) and gambling should be prohibited in the camp and the system of passes should be enforced (X. 1). Vanaparva (15. 14, 19) also refers to the system of passes and the fact that dancers and musicians were driven away, when Dvārakā was besieged by Śālva. From Udyoga 151. 58 (cr. ed. 149. 53), 195. 12-19 (cr. ed. 196. 12-19) it appears that markets, prostitutes, conveyances, oxen, machines, arms and physicians accompanied an army and that the camp (*senāniveśa* or *skandhāvāra*) of Duryodhana looked like the capital itself and was five *yojanas* in extent. Physicians with surgical instruments, blunt instruments (like tweezers), medicines, curative oils and bandages in their hands and women (nurses) looking after the food and drink of the army should stand behind the soldiers uttering encouraging words²⁷² (Kauṭ. X. 3). The Bhīṣmaparva 120.