History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v4.c63.660

v4.c63.660

⁷⁵⁴ यन्न न व्यावहारिकं न न्याय्यमित्यर्थः । अपरार्क p. 658; 'सौरिकम्' स्मृत्तिच. II. p. 170; न व्यावहारिकं सुरापानादिनिमित्तम् । व्य. प्र. p. 265: न कुटुम्बोपयोगीत्यर्थः । बालम्भट्टी; व्यवहारबहिष्कृतम् । वि. चि. p. 17. Colebrooke translates न व्यावहारिकं as 'debt for a cause repugnant to good morals'; other renderings are 'which as a decent and respectable man the father ought not to have incurred' (32 Bom. 348 at p. 351); 'not lawful, usual or customary' (39 Cal. p. 862. at pp. 868-869); 'not supportable as valid by legal arguments and on which no right could be established in a court of justice in the creditor's favour' (37 Mad. 458 at p. 460); vide *Bai Mani v. Usafali* 33 Bom. L. R. 130 (at p. 133) and *Bal v. Maneklal* 56 Bom. 36 where the various meanings of 'avyāvahārika' and the conflict of judicial decisions are set out (at pp. 50-53). In the latter case the wide meaning of the words given in 32 Bom. 348 has been disapproved of (at p. 53). In *Govindprasad v. Raghunathprasad* I. L. R. (1939) Bom. 533 a Full Bench has dealt with the meaning of 'avyāvahārika'. In *Hemraj v. Khemchand* I. L. R. (1943) All. 727 the Privy Council state the various renderings of avyāvahārika given by different authors and judges and hold that Colebrooke's rendering makes the nearest approach to the real meaning of the word as used in the smṛtis and that it is the character of the debt that is to be looked to and not the actions of the father.