History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v5.c71.s1.109.4

v5.c71.s1.109.4

not tending one's *śrauta* or *smārta* fire, abandoning one's son⁸², not maintaining one's relatives (such as the maternal or paternal uncle, when one has the means), cutting down a big tree for fuel (to be used only in cooking one's food⁸³), maintaining one's self on one's wife (i e on her immoral earnings or by means of her strīdhana) or by killing animals or by herbs (used as charms), setting up of machines that cause death or injury to beings (such as for pressing oil from sesame or for crushing sugarcane stalks); addiction to the vices (declared to be eighteen by Manu VII. 45–48); selling one's self (as a slave for money), being the servant of a śūdra, friendship with low persons, intercourse with a woman of a lower caste (either as a wife or as a concubine); living outside of the four āśramas⁸⁴, fattening oneself on food charitably supplied by others, studying the works of false śāstras (such as those of atheists like Cārvāka); holding the office of the superintendent of mines (of gold and the like); sale of one's wife The above list, though long, is not thoroughly exhaustive Vas I 18 quoted above mentions several persons as *enasvinaḥ* (who acc. to Viśvarūpa on Yāj III. 229-236 are upapātakinaḥ), some of whom (such as one who is asleep when the sun rises or sets) are not included by Yāj. in his list of upapātakas.