History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v7.c93.535

v7.c93.535

The fourth adhyāya of the PMS deals mainly with the subject of *prayojya* and *prayojaka* and *kratvartha* and *puruṣārtha*. The latter two have been explained and illustrated above (pp. 1232-1235). A few illustrations of the first two may be given. The Prayājas have been declared above to be *kratvartha* (p 1233). Therefore, kratu (sacrifice) is the *prayojaka* (motivating force) of Prayājas. The reward (*phala*, svarga or the like) is the prayojaka of yāga or a puruṣārtha rite. That is a prayojaka for the sake of which a man is led to perform something by a Vedic exhortatory passage. The sentence is 'one should offer the Darśapūrṇamāsa sacrifice for securing svarga'; therefore the reward (*svarga* and the like) is the prayojaka of Darśapūrṇamāsa-yāga.²¹⁵⁴ The injunction to mix curds with milk makes a person do so for producing āmikṣā and not *vājina*, since this latter arises of itself in preparing āmikṣā. Therefore, it is āmikṣā, being the *havis* in the Vaiśvadevayāga that is the prayojaka of the Vaiśvadevayāga and vājina-yāga is not the prayojaka of putting curds into milk²¹⁵⁵ (P. M. S. IV.1 22–24). The result is that, if by accident āmikṣā is destroyed, in order to secure the *havis* (āmikṣā) curds will have again to be put in boiled milk, but if *vājina*, not being prayojaka, is destroyed, curds need not be put into boiled milk again.