Theory and Practice of Muslim State in India c6.s2.16

c6.s2.16

The duties and obligations of a Muslim monarch were clearly laid out for him by religious and political works, traditions and precedents. The Shariat, the four schools of Islamic law, works of political theorist like al-Mawardi's *Ahkam-us-Sultaniyah* and Nizamul Mulk Tusi's *Siyasat Namah*, the actual working of the Abbasid Caliphate running into more than five centuries, and the exploits of Muslims from Prophet Muhammad to Mahmud of Ghazni, had combined to lay down a code of private and public conduct for Muslim monarchs. Works of Indian Muslim political theorists and historians like Fakhr-i-Mudabbir's *Adab-ut-Harb*, Ziyauddin Barani's *Fatwa-i-Jahandari* and *Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi* and later on *Fatawa-i-Alamgiri* and similar other works too constantly repeat the principles and ideals to be followed by a Muslim king.