Theory and Practice of Muslim State in India c7.s2.5

c7.s2.5

The law courts under Muslim rule were located in administrative units of the empire, in Parganas, Sarkars, Subahs and the capital of the empire. The *adalat* of the Pargana Qazi was the lowest court under the Mughals. Appeals were preferred to higher courts, to the Qazi-i-Subah and the emperor. The emperor's court was the highest court in the empire. He tried both civil and military cases. He also sat as the final court of appeal within the empire. In deciding -cases, he had the assistance of a Mufti or Mir Adl. There was a hierarchical cadre of officials like Qazi-ul-Quzzat or Lord Chief Justice, Qazis, Naib Qazis, Mir Adls and Muftis who expounded the law and gave opinion on complicated cases. The emperor's court was quite popular with the people who obtained redress from his impartiality.