Administration and Social Life under Vijayanagar c7.20

c7.20

(d) Besides these a few contributions were collected from people which were meant to cover the cost of the payment and maintenance of the village officers and the special messengers coming from the governmental headquarters. Among such collections were the karaṇikka jōḍi,17 talaiyārikkam,18 nāṭṭu kaṇakkuvari, rāyasavarttanai, avasaravarttanai,¹⁹ adhikāravarttanai, nōṭṭavarttanai,20 nirūpaccambaḷam21 (pay of the nirūpa or the royal order carrier), ālukkuṇīrpāttam22 (a tax for maintaining the person appointed for regulating the supply of water to the fields), and pāḍikāval²³ (police duty or fee for maintaining the police).