Sexual Life in Ancient India: A Study in the Comparative History of Indian Culture v2.c22: Index
Sexual Life in Ancient India: A Study in the Comparative History of Indian Culture v2.c22
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Index
v2.c22.1
*Preliminary remark.*—It was my wish to present in this book as many as possible rather long and undivided pieces, but, at the same time, not to repeat more often than seemed absolutely necessary, certain statements, which, quite naturally in another connection, were again important, perhaps much more important. The Index should, therefore, not only serve to retrace passages, but also to collect together again the details of a particular subject. Here I will give just *one* example, right from the beginning of the book. On games and amusements of girls, page 9 gives only a very scanty account. If one reads on, however, then one receives, particularly from those sections of the Epic that have been translated, very much further information, and, finally, one has, after all, some of the main lines of the picture. If one wishes to read these together, one should refer to the Index, under Girl: games and amusements.—Add. means addition (to be looked up in the Appendix).
v2.c22.2
Abduction of the wife of another, 77, 128 Abhi with abl., “hither from,” 153 Abhimardana, coition, 318 Abhisamdeha, 389 Abhisārikā, the woman going on a love-visit, 292, 335, 432, 540 Accusative : with verb. dicendi = “of, about,” 125; with passive, 306 “Act of truth,” 289, 350, 525, 527, 529 Action and energy praised, 450, 458 Actors (and singers) : live on their wives, 129, 250 Adharottara, 241 Adultery : severely condemned and punished, 119, 170, 245; conception of adultery, 251; husband may kill adulterer without further ado, 250; the man punished much more than the woman in adultery, 522; in particular that of the woman with a man from a lower caste, 253; no blame rests on *woman* in adultery, 205, 522; when the man is not an adulterer, 250 (notes), 335 note 2; punishment of the adulterous woman, 520, cf. 253 Agastya : must marry, 149; marries Lopamudrā and experiences difficulties before the surata, 229; hunts and sanctions hunting, 234; hero of digestion and *crepitus ventris*, 231 Āghrāta, “caught hold of,” 476 Agni : falls in love with the wives of the seven Ṛishis, 46; witness to what happens in
v2.c22.3
the world, 97, 525, 527; adventure with a princess and the granting of sexual freedom to women, 116; previous owner of woman, 227, 312, add. to 391 Ahalyā, *see* Indra Ahasuerus or “wandering Jew”: Indian and American Indian, 191 Ākṣipta, “ (lightly) thrown round,” 540 Ākṣobhya, hurrying, stirring, 300 Alone: each is, 92 Amarṣa: is commended, 451, 460, cf. 307 Ambā: abducted and robbed of marriage by Bhīṣma, is bent on vengeance, 381 Amçu, moonbeam, add. to 82 Ānantaryam ārabhate, 460 Anāvṛta, 118, 119 Ancestors: hanging like birds in a cave, 147; bestow children, 223; send one hunting and love flesh-offerings, 223 Anger: must be checked, 16, 249; hot temper the special attribute of holy men, 25, 233, 352, 400, 510, 541; one who is angry licks the corners of his mouth, 308; anger a virtue, 451, 460; angry sulking of the woman, 494; anger soothed by a woman, 535 Animal languages: man who understood them, and his inquisitive wife, 503 Anuyukta, 20 Aparvan, 461 Apsaras: seduces saints, 260; as houri, 321, 337; deserts her new-born child, 92, 97, 99, 288 Ārdrapaṇi, 62 Arjuna: is forced into a love-affair by Ulūpī, 51; abducts Subhadrā, 73 and add.; wins and carries off Draupadī, 80; defeats Karṇa in archery, 85; marries Citrāṅgadā, 103, 258, 351 and add.; goes into “exile of chastity,” 112; as hero of chastity, 258; will not cohabit with Urvaçī and is therefore cursed by her, 335; as eunuch, 470; inquires not till late after wife and child, 530 Armour: magic, *see* Magic; ornamented with gold and jewels, 70 Ārti, hot desire, 259 Aṣphuṭant, 284 Ass: valued against mule, 144; bad as a draught-animal, 267; the adulteress’s ride on an ass, 255, 521; the ass’s skin of the unchaste disciple and his offering of an ass, 257 Ati and ativa, “standing above, excelling,” 279 Atigrāhya, 118 Atisarva, 363 Ātreyī, *see* Ritu. Āvāha and āvāhya, 56 Avalipta, befouled, 126 Avamardana, coition, 318
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Bahutithe kāle, 202 (usually signifies “after a (rather) long while.” See e.g. iii, 65, 2, 61; 97, 13; 107, 11; 115, 38; 296, 1; K., iii, 130, 21) Ball-game, 9
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Bard, see Sūta Bathing: naked, 262; men waited on by women at the bath, 134, 323, 508 Beans: forbidden, see Onion Bear-worship, 395 Beauty: how a beautiful woman was made, 149, 540; description of feminine beauty, 278, 335, 542; beautiful woman shines, 280, 285 (cf. J. J. Meyer, *Isoldes Gottesurteil*, notes, No. 159, and in addition especially Arnold, *Ztschr. d. Vereins f. Volkskunde*, Bd. 12, pp. 166 f.); attracts too strongly to the surata, 311; beauty of the body and of the soul connected, 430; ideal of beauty, 430; “catalogue of beauty,” 432; is woman’s strength, 539; brings dead things into life, 539, cf. 431 Begetting: other than natural, 33, 155, 241, 262 (cf. 370); what is necessary for it, 60; is the highest duty, 147; how it happens, 182, 359; how to accomplish it, 243; is a matter of divine service, 367; how does one beget boys, and girls? 367; kinds of begetting, 370; with dead, 416. Cf. Birth, Children, Pregnancy, Surata, Unfruitfulness Begetting by proxy: by Dīrghatamas, 160; by Brahmans, 159, 169, 219; by Vasistha, 161, 167, 234; by a disciple, 162; by gods, 162; in general in India, 169; among various peoples, 171 note; sons of the wife by another man, 174 Bhagadaivata, 288 Bhīma: how strong already as a new-born infant, 164; his wildness as a boy, 211; story of his love-affair with Hidimbā, 291; kills the Rākshasa Hidimba, 291; fetches the golden flower for his beloved, 298; his chivalry towards Draupadī, 298; his high-spirited strength, 299; rebukes Yudhishthira, 302, 447; kills Kīcaka, 304; shows himself gentle, 453 Bhīshma: his birth, 47; abducts girls, 69, 381; has to raise up children to his brother, 165; his self-denying love for his father, 194, cf. 165 Birth: other than natural, 25, 80, 87, 155, 262, 373, add. to 374; immediately after conception, 41, 295, 371; how it comes about, 366; the child at the same time loses recollection of its earlier existence, 367; renders the father unclean too, 397 Birth-mark: the new-born child’s golden birth-mark, 192 Blood of the slain: drinking the, 303, 448; blood gives life to departed spirits, 223 Body: its character and attributes disclose the woman’s worth and ability, 41, 143, 431, 434; constituents are constantly changing, 93, 364; a holy city and its gates, 248; lower half unclean, 249
v2.c22.6
Bow : which only the strongest can stretch, 79, 82, 87 Bracelet : gift of the, 439 Brahmadanda, 26 (also the power in the spell of the priest performing the sacrifice. See further e.g. i, 2, 354; 30, 11; 57, 24) Brahman : praises the prince, 13, 16; begs, 13; causes rain, 16, add. to 547; despised by the warrior nobility, 13, 104, 511; in close alliance therewith, 20; better than another, 20, 89, 153, 171, 183; very dangerous and powerful, 20, 25, 85, 258, 348, 541; exacting, 25; is a beggar, 67; demands presents, 67; what he has done for morality and culture, 68, 440; marries a royal princess, 103, 149, 201, 229, 257, 510; unwelcome as suitor to the Kshattriya, 104, 148; a stud-bull, 159; his sexual morality, 159, 248, 254, 274; has a claim on the women, 174; wrongs the innocent through his curse, 233; who is a true Brahman, 349 Branding, 252 Breasts : causing the beautiful woman to bend under their weight, 336, 431 Bridal night : blood and smock of, 43 Bridegroom : put to the test, 132; how he must be qualified, 137; his potency investigated, 408; abduction of the bridegroom (by the bride), 315
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Bride’s payment (çulka) : does not decide, 58; must be handed over to the young woman, 60, 65; its amount, 102 Brihaspati : sends his son to learn the magic of restoring to life, 11; cohabits with his brother’s wife, 113 Broken, torn, and damaged things sinister, 157, 402 Brother : younger may not marry before the elder, 105, 292; brother is more important than son, husband, or wife, 530; relationship to sister, 564 Brother-in-law : marriage with, 62, 168, 410, 436 Butcher : the pious, 194
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Çaci, Indra’s wife : harassed in her conjugal fidelity, 356 Çakuntalā : birth and adventure with Dushyanta, 90 Camel : as draught- and riding-animal, 267 Camping : for pleasure, 211 Çankha : = vulva, 128 Çarmishthā : contends with Devayānī and becomes her slave, 13; induces Yayāti to cohabit with her, 220; beats Devayānī in the contest for children, 221; is preferred by the husband, 474 Caste : in marriage and division of inheritance among the sons, 57, 65, 92; not going to women above or below one’s own caste, 253; performing religious works with a wife of the same caste, 66; means whereby a woman loses caste, 255, 372
v2.c22.9
Cat : as a magical animal, 392 Celukkhepa, 467 Change : continuous change of the world and of the human body, 364 Change of sex, 374 ; of Ila, 374 ; of Bhaṅgāsvana, 376 ; of Ҫikhaṇḍin or of Ҫikhaṇḍinī, 381 Changelings, 392 Chariot : how splendid its appearance, 144 ; as vehicle for the women, 267 Chastity : expected of woman, 31 ; only necessary at certain times, 121, 163 ; generally despised or condemned, 119, 179 ; which women are free to all, 250 ; whoever kills the unchaste woman goes as good as unpunished, 250, 274, 489, 522 ; how important the chastity of the wife is, 523 ; chastity of the man, 120, 135, 218, 241 ; trial of chastity with the man, 132, 270 ; expected unconditionally of the disciple, 256 ; how meritorious is complete continence of the man, 258 ; how difficult, 259 ; is Brahman, 259 ; emission of semen at the sight of woman, 261. Cf. Adultery, Hetærism, Love, Surata, Virginity Chattel : woman is a, 507 Child-marriage : 58, 216, 278 Children : create happiness for the parents in the other world, 7, 22 ; absolutely necessary, 146, 149 ; how barren women obtain them, 155 ; what they have from the mother, what from the father, 177, 221, 369, add. to 370 ; not wanted, 181 ; tenderly loved by the parents, 183 ; love and honour the parents, 194 ; are a light in the darkness, 213 (cf. Lights) ; defeating another in the bearing of children, 221 ; cannot own anything, 221, 449, 520 ; object of sorrow and disappointment, 182 note (cf. iii, 209, 12 f.), 345, cf. 210 ; are vermin, 366 ; spirits which injure them, 391 and add. ; how quickly one after another the ideal wife has her children, add. to 391 ; children through the agency of magic, sacrifice, sacrificial foods, the dead, spirit-beings, trees, fruits, 156, 223, 372, 376, 391 add. ; by the sacrifice of the one child, 191 ; by means of ҫrāddha, 223 ; by the might of the priest, 231 ; by magic drinking-water, 373 ; demons which eat children, 477 note, add. to 391 last line (p. 560) ; one can obtain other children, not other parents, 530. Cf. Begetting, Dead, Pregnancy, Sterility Chivalry, 298, 439 Choosing of the bride, 61 Ҫibikā, balcony, 469 Ҫilā, plate, 251 Cirakārin, 202 Citrāṅgadā : marriage with Arjuna, 103, 258, 351 and add. Ҫiva : awakens a dead child, 190 ; hero in the surata, 240 ;
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transforms himself into a woman, 374; grants Ambā the favour of becoming a man, 387; upsets Daksha’s sacrifice, 463 Clothes : the sexes exchange them, 243 note 1 Coitus, *see* Surata Colours : of flowers, of clothes, and magical significance, 265, 295; Draupadī wears a white dress at the Svayaṃvara, 85; red of the courtesans and the ladies, 264 Conception, *see* Begetting Conditional particle : double, 126 Course of world (and of nature) : how strange, 181; is a dice-game, 110 Court life of princes, 267, 325, 478 Couvade : causes, 397 Çrāddha : on giving in marriage, 140; in order to obtain offspring, 223; cohabitation forbidden with çrāddha, 243; Brahman guests must eat in silence, 325 Criminal : the executed criminal immediately enters heaven, 393; is worshipped, 394 Çṛiṅgāraveshābharaṇa, 468 (çṛiṅgāravesha = robe of state, e.g. iv, 71, 7; v, 9, 11), cf. 290 note 1 Çuka : does not allow himself to be led away by harlots, 270 Curiosity : not to ask questions (Lohengrin saga, etc.), 47; the good woman’s shortcoming, 471; causes the wife even to sacrifice the husband’s life (knowledge of the languages of animals), 503
v2.c22.11
Customary law : of importance in India, 101, 109, 328 Çvetaketu : does away with “hetærtism,” 118; begotten by a substitute in marriage, 162 Çyavana : made angry because of Sukanyā, 27; is restored to youth and picked out by his wife, 358; marries Sukanyā, 358, 510
v2.c22.12
Dancing and dancing-instruction of girls, 12, 308, 470 Daughter : equal to the son, 9, 66; made female ruler, 465. Cf. Girl Dead : fed cheaply, 128; everything is at an end for the dead, 187; soul still in the body of the dead, and “all souls,” 188; a dead child comes again in the next, 193; bestow children, 223 and add., add. to 391 end (cf. Ancestors); dead are sent their belongings, 413; come back by magic to those left behind, 415; have sexual relations and beget children, 417; mourning and tears for them are misdirected, 420 Death : the best thing for those robbed of happiness, 17; certain for everybody, 186; spares those who desire it, 425, 474; “the man who overcame death,” 512; death from a weapon takes one to heaven, 310. Cf. Violent death Debt : three- (or four-) fold on earth, 149, add. to 149 note 1, 153, 450 add.
v2.c22.13
Defloration : a serious offence, 44 ; dangerous, 313 Devara, a proxy in begetting, 162, 168 Devayānī : loves Kaca, contends with Çarmishṭhā and makes her her slave, 11 ; is beaten in children by Çarmishṭhā, 221 ; slighted by the husband, 474 Dharmacchala, 202 Dharna, see Prāya Dice-game, 441, 518 ; wrong to dice for a woman, 520 “Dignity of women,” 344, 486, 495 Dimple in the cheek penalized in woman, 434 Dīrghatamas : even in the womb protests against group-marriage, 113 ; prescribes only one husband for women, 124 Discontent : the root of happiness and of greatness, 452, 459 Division of inheritance, 65 ; what the daughter receives 9 ; what the widow receives, 65, 406 Domestic happiness, 183, 212 Draupadī : still a virgin after cohabitation, 42 ; holds a Svayaṃvara and becomes wife of the five Pāṇḍavas, 79 ; her birth, 80, 111 ; why she received five husbands, 109, add. to 111 ; prefers Arjuna, 113 ; her wrong the cause of the war, 215, 534 ; wants the golden flower, 298 ; her sons slain, 303 ; as chambermaid (sairandhrī), 304, 316 ; experience with Kicaka, 304 ; blames Yudhishṭhira, 306, 450 ; beautiful relation to her mother-in-law, 405 ; grief on Arjuna’s departure, 419 ; scent from her is wafted a kroça away, 430 ; feminine charms, 430, cf. 80 ; energetic and passionate, 440 ; “gambled away,” 441, cf. 302, 405, 518 ; abducted by a Rākshasa, 456 ; by Jayadratha, 304 ; wants to incite Yudhishṭhira to action, 450 ; is angered that Arjuna has married Subhadrā, 475 ; her beauty angers other women, 471, 505 ; a model wife, 536 Drinking of intoxicating liquor, 273, 317, 322 ; of women, 305, 322, 336. Cf. Spirits Durvāsas : very exacting and hot-tempered, 25 ; spiteful, 400 Duryodhana : abducts a maiden, 72 ; holds up water, 319 ; what his body is made out of, 321 Dyūtamaṇḍala, “the circle drawn round the dice-players, which they may not leave before the fulfilment of their obligations,” 504
v2.c22.14
Ear-rings : magic, see Magic Egoism, see Individualism Eight : a luck-bringing number, 11 Elephant : how adorned, 145 ; streaming rutting-sap in three (or seven) places, 145 ; frightened with fire-brands, 197 ; of sixty years, 293, 307 ; crushes bilva-fruit, 307, 309 Embryo, see Fœtus
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Envy: woman's nature, 476; respectable women's envy of courtesans, 497 Epic: important for Indian life and thought, 5; characterized, 1, 412, 438. Cf. Mahābhārata, Rāmāyaṇa Evidence: of the woman before a court, 523 Evil: punished slowly, 17 Executed man: goes to heaven, becomes a powerful spirit, 393 Execution of woman, 255 Eyebrows: meeting, 434
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Father: the tenderly loving, 11, 183, 194, 203; always uncertain, 131; *pater est quem nuptiae demonstrant*, 161, 180; he whom the child resembles, 177; worth and dignity, 199, 206; woman's refuge when she meets with misfortune, 384 Father of the family: his position extremely important, 151; is tapas, 151 Fear of spirits: in certain places, at certain times, and accompanying certain actions (particularly during the surata), and as the root of morality, 243, 262, 294; in connection with Tobias nights, “romantic reserve,” *prima nox*, names, wedding-customs, 312; with childbed, 391 and add., with property of the dead, 413; with menstruation, 37 “Feet in the fire,” 402 Fellow-wife: her love for the children of the rival, 193, 212; reverence of the children towards the mother's fellow-wife, 209, 212; enmity, 474 Festivals, 73, 80, 140, 268, 324, 467; Feast of Brahma (harvest-feast), 469, 532 note 2 Fidelity: conjugal, *see* Adultery, Chastity, Marriage Field: the wife is the field, 172; does field or seed decide? 172 add., 176, 180, 201 Fire: must not be blown up with the mouth, etc., 117 (cf. xiii, 126, 29 ff.); father, mother, and teacher, the three holy fires, 200; fire from the body of the angry one, 303; in the room of the woman lying in, 396; ordeal by fire, 527; fire god, *see* Agni Flesh: food of ancestors, 223; of falcons, 224; especially of the Kshattriyas, 238, 325 Flower: as adornment on love-visits, and which flowers bring fortune or misfortune, 266 Fœtus: how curiously it forms, 182; how it develops, 360; how terrible to kill it, 372 Food: the remainder only shall the master of the house eat, 151; only after servants, wife, etc., 154, 486. Cf. Hunger Forest: description, 91, 299, 328; picnic in, 19, 322 Frog princess, 232 and add.
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Gāndhārī: her influence over Duryodhana, 209; rebukes him, 213; pregnant for two years, 371; places a cloth
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about her eyes, 427; her share in affairs of state, 464, add. to 471 Gandharva marriage: is considered as lawful, 45, cf. Matrimony: the different kinds; a matter specially for the warrior, 68, 89, 94, 282; an example, 90; the best form for the nobility, 89, 95; a right of the lord, 95; = free love, 95; altogether the most excellent form of matrimony, 282 Gandharvas: necessary for the fertility of woman, 60 note 3; as pre-marital owners of woman, 227, 310, add. to 391; husbands of Draupadi, 304; lust after women, 311 Gaṅgā: becomes the wife of Çantanu, throws her children into the water, may not be questioned, 47 Gatasattva, 442 Generatio aequivoca, 374 Genitive: consonantal, of vowel-stems, 187; = abl., 117 Ghosts' nature: they are stupid and are cheated, 313 Giant-stories, 291. Cf. 21, 184 Gifts: meritorious for a Brahman to accept them, 14, 511; demanded by the Brahman, 67; to give them is tapas, 153; Kshattriyas must give, 221; gift of the unchaste woman and of the king is bad, 522, 524 Girl: not welcome, 6, 22; difficult to marry, 7, 148; loved and happy, 8; games and amusements, 9, 12, 19, 89, 232, 271, 323, 467, 510, cf. Drinking, Festivals; inherits, 9, luck-bringing object, 11; how to beget a girl, 11, 367; spoiled, 11; education of the girl, 8 note 3, add. to 13, 308, 470; herself courts the man (makes the proposal of marriage), 13, 20, 315, 409 (cf. Love); is a good daughter, 21; only father or kinsman must give her away, 31, 54; has unrestricted freedom in matters of love, 32; must be married, 54 (cf. Ritu); when she may marry herself away, 58, cf. 171 note 2; is given away once, 63 note; need not be chaste, 121; a girl, who has borne a child, asked for as wife, 177; a girl captured in war not asked before a year, 564; a trust handed over to the father for the husband, 185, 340; easily seduced, 217. Cf. Daughter Giving of presents: giving of the bride the best and the nature of the four first kinds of marriage, 55, 67; is alone right, 61; is bad, 75; is the highest giving, 410; giving of the wife to another, 512; water poured out on giving presents, see Water Go: = mother, woman, 524 note 2 God (creator): reviled, 384, 450 Gods: not bound by moral laws, 39; their misdeeds, 64; worshipped from fear, 398; as pursuers of women, 318
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Good: nothing entirely good, nothing entirely bad, 59; “way of life of the good” deceptive, 64 Grail: the Holy, and its chaste guardian, 400 Greatness and fortune connected with misfortune, 461; with assertion of self, 92; by what means brought to naught, 458 Grief: for dead child, 186; hallowing by grief, 151; love its root, 333, 365; the woman in sorrow, 419; for the dead hurts these too, 420; revenge is consolation in grief, 454 Guardianship of woman, 480, 499, 526; seclusion and veiling, 447, 526 Guest: must be welcomed and honoured in every way, 512; hospitable prostitution, 512 Guru: all the women of his spiritual flock for the Guru, 174; the high dignity of the spiritual teacher, 199; wicked one must be punished (abandoned), 200, 386, cf. 58; how terrible, if a disciple cohabits with the wife of the teacher, 251, cf. 162, 222; sexual offences which are equal to gurutalpa, 252
v2.c22.20
Hariçcandra’s love for truth, 491 Harlots: how greatly their profession flourished, 264; marks of distinction, 264; how important in the community and in the army, 266; as ornaments for the feast, escort of honour, hostesses for the guest of honour, and objects of luck, 268; harlot and criminal, 273; their execration and low evaluation, 273; some regulations for the profession, 274; harlot and holiness, 275; food from the harlot takes away manly strength, 524 note 3; envied by respectable women, 497 Hatred for women a crime, 492 He-goat: lascivious, 248; the demon Vātāpi transformed into a he-goat and so eaten, 231 Heisterbach: Monk of, 132, 418 Hell: = distress, etc., 53; all people go to hell, 131 Henpecked husband: a miserable sinner, 486, 487, 524 note 3 Heredity, 177, 185 note 1, 369 Hero and Leander, 438 Hetæræ, see Harlots Hetærism, 33, 115 Hiḍimbā’s love-story, 291 Homosexuality, 242, 498 “Honour women,” see Dignity Horses: white with one black ear (or: with half-black ears), 41, 103, 104; animals of the Kshattriya, 267 (cf. iii, 192, 38 ff.); Satī on horseback, 377 Housewife: who is intent on cooking, 401; must keep order, 402, 429; her authority in the house, 403; daughter-in-law and mother-in-law, 403 Hradād dhradam ivāgata, 26 Hunger: entirely destroys virtue and wisdom, 294; hunger and study, 294; famine, 286 Hunting: Old Indian kings hunt, 19, 48, 74, 90, 223, 233, 234,
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279, 376; is the right and virtue of the warrior nobility, 234
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Husband: nature and definition, 125, 205; is answerable for the conduct and character of the wife, 135, 205; is her godhead (she is patidevatā), 206, 347, 423, 430; that of the woman friend at the same time her own, 221; his significance for woman, 346 note, 351, 410, 423, 429; may not desert the wife, 409; may not live on the wife, 487; has the right and duty to punish his unfaithful wife, 520. Cf. Henpecked husband
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Husband and wife must not sue each other, 256
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Ideal woman, 427
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Īdṛiça, right, excellent, 28
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Incest, 253
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Indra: plays a trick on girls bathing, 13; as a bird instructs penitents, 152; begets Arjuna, 164; defiles Ahalyā, 202, 320, 356, 484 (punishment for it), 524; pursuer of women, 206, 319, 480; comes in the form of the husband to the woman he desires, 320; on account of “Brahman-murder” creeps into the water at the edge of the world, 356; appears in the form of Vasisṭha, 402; changes into all sorts of forms in order to carry off women, and wishes to embrace Ruci, 480; covered with female pudenda as punishment, 485
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Indra’s banner and its festival, 283 (cf. also Schroeder, Myst. und Mimus, 422, note 2)
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Indrasenā Nārāyaṇī, add. to 111
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Insanity: how cured, 456
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Instrum. absol., 71; modalis, 309
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Jantu: sacrificed as an only son in order to obtain many, 191
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Janya, 144 (cf. i, 221, 44; 194, 1; 198, 6; K., i, 226, 26. It probably means: wedding, company at wedding; according to Nil. moreover varapakṣīya, i, 221, 44)
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Jaratkāru: by his forefathers is persuaded to marry, 147; deserts his wife, 352
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Jealousy: not with an ideal people, 116; not among primitive peoples, 121, cf. 51, 172; ruinous, 207, 474 and add.; cuts life short, 334; jealousy or its reverse among the wives of polygamists, 474; “the man who overcame death,” 512
v2.c22.36
Jewel: magic, of the sun god, 400; magic, 455 (cf. Magic)
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Johur, 438
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Jus primae noctis, 314, cf. add.
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Kaca: killed by demons, and recalled to life by the teacher, 11
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Kāle, at that time, then, 283 (further e.g. iv, 54, 14; v, 91, 16; 94, 20)
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Kalpavṛiksha, 324 and add.
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Kāma: makes the beautiful women yielding for Indra, 319 note 3 (cf. Wilson, Sel. Works, iii, 35); is intoxication, 326; the highest thing, 330; allpowerful, 332 (cf. xiii, 85, 11, 16, 17 : Kāma is the oldest and greatest god, has power over everything and can produce everything); is the fire god, 332; definition, 338. Cf. Love Karṇa : his begetting by the sun god, and exposure, 30; endowed with magic virtues on account of his armour and earrings, 33; excels Arjuna in archery, 37; abductor of girls, 76; embittered against Draupadī, who offended him at the Svayaṃvara, 84, 115, 446; his original connection with her, 456 Kaucalyā : her grief and protest when Rāma departs, 196, 473 Kīcaka : his adventure with Draupadī, and death, 304 Killing of the woman : an evil crime, 487; of the unchaste, however, quite or almost entirely free from punishment, 250, 274, 489, 522 King : a wicked monster, 273, 524 note 3; causes rain and all welfare and calamity in the country, 286; does not ask, 302; his principal virtues, 456; universal security under a good king, 490; a time without a king terrible, 115 Klinnapāṇi, 62 Kopayati dharmam, 58 (cf. vidhiprakopa, violation of the holy order (or : of fate ?), v, 29, 29; raṅgaprakopana, infringement of the laws holding for the stage, i, 135, 4) Kṛi : in tat kṛitvā, thinking thus, 31; kṛi with accus. of person = “do towards,” etc., 344 note Kṛiṣṇa : as abductor of women, 68, add. to 78; Arjuna’s friend and ally, 73; lover of women, 271; provides sufficient food in a miraculous fashion, 401; Satī of his wives, 414; performs a miracle on Draupadī, 447; promises her revenge, 454 Kṣhattriya, see Warrior Kṣhetraja, 168, 176 Kṣhveḍita, 324 Kuntī : as a good daughter, 25; her adventure with the sun god, and Karṇa’s birth and exposure, 30; grief on account of her unmarried motherhood, 35, cf. 212 note 1; holds a Svayaṃvara, 78; bears three sons for the gods, 163; sorrow and grief as a mother, 210, 419; goes into the penitential forest, 415; urges her sons on, 457; provoked on account of her fellow-wife Mādrī, 475
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Lāja : with wedding, 61 Levirate, 165 Lie : causes loss of caste, 58, 62; when permitted, 221, 491 Life : half of life for the beloved, 290; living on the wife penalized, 247, 487, cf. 524 note 3 and Actors Lights : the three lights of human beings, 151, 449, and add. to 450 Line of hair above the navel in woman, 144
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Liṅga-worship, 338 Litter : women in particular carried therein, 232, add. to 232 Lokayātrā, 343, 495 Lopamudrā : called into existence and married by Agastya, 149; her love-union with him, 229 Love : the man must be obliging to the woman in love, 13, 46, 48, 51, 135, 220, 257, 294, 337, 383; in love persons to whom respect should be shown count for nothing, 32; love free for all, 33; woman takes the first step and leads in love, 45, 380, cf. 13; is necessary, in order that there may be children, 60, cf. 65; as the foundation of marriage, 90, 135, 139; a woman in love is turned back by nothing and is endowed with magic virtues, 134; love for woman the meaning of life, 133, 327, 355; romance in love for the man, 278, 295; half of life for the beloved, 288; love for the husband paramount, 292; the woman in love not responsible, 293; love the highest good, 331; its power and destructiveness, 332; hygiene, 333; must be reciprocal, 334; directs itself towards the person present, 334; definition and origin, 338, 359, 361; is an idea, 338, cf. 361; talent of the woman for love, 379, cf. 277; how the girl's earlier secret love and promise of marriage are taken into consideration, 381, cf. add. to 78; the man who cannot part from his dead beloved, 418; woman does not love at all, 501; too great a love for the wife foolish and bad, 531. Cf. Abhisārikā, Kāma, Surata, Woman Love-charms, 330 Love-life of the man, 315, 340 Love-plaints, 295 Love-visit of the woman, see Abhisārikā Luck-bringing things, 11, 141, 231, 266, 268, 327. Cf. Body, Greatness Lying-in woman : through bearing lives together with death, 344, 391; spirits dangerous to her and the child, 391 and add.; woman who has died in childbirth an evil spirit, 393; goes straight to heaven, 393; unclean and makes the husband also unclean, 391, 397; how long an interval between the separate confinements, 391 add.
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Mādhavī : lent for the begetting of children, in exchange for certain horses, and yet an uninjured virgin, 41 Mādrī : obtains two sons at once, 165, 475; burns herself with her husband, 236, 414 Magic : to awaken from the dead, 11; to call up a god, 29; to get children, 156; in a dispute over boundaries, 266; against enemies, 266, 284, 537; to hold up water, 319; to compel love, 330, 536; in connection with the lying-in bed, 396; as a purification with the dead, 415; to divide oneself into many men in order to satisfy many women, 477; to leave one's own body and dwell in another, 482; magic ear-rings and similar armour (of Karṇa), 33 (cf. also i, 330, 10 ff.; iii, 301, 18-20; 310, 10 ff.), 400; magic ointment for the feet, to carry one at a fabulous speed, 137; magically taking on another form, in order to cohabit with the beloved, 46, 234 (cf. Indra); magic with the effigy of the hated person, 537 note Mahābhārata: characterized, i, 37, 438; composition, revision, interpolation, 2, 34, 81, 83, 84, 108, 167, 200, 208, 236, 253, 338, 365, 412, 416, 439, 443, 447, 450, 456, 461, add. to 84, 445, 471, 547 Maireya, 317 Making way, 233, 493 Māndhātṛ, 374 Maṇi: = indranīla, sapphire, 435 (see also v, 94, 52 ff.) Manly strength, see Potency Marriage: a most important ordinance, 56; its nature, 130; “education for marriage,” 132; noble picture of marriage, 139; a necessity for the woman, 54, 146, 155, 386, 391; for the man, 146; is of legal origin and a matter of ownership, 172; exists for the sake of offspring, 230; demands fidelity from both husband and wife, 248; of incisive importance and magic-
v2.c22.46
ally dangerous, 313; husband and wife *one body*, 410. Cf. Matrimony Marriage by capture, 55, 67, 92, 381, 425, 535 Marriage by purchase, 6, 55, 59, 63, 75, 100. Cf. Bride's payment Marriage by theft or fraud (paiśāca), 55, 94 Maruts: as gods of marriage, 60 Matriarchy, see Mother-right Matrimony: difficult for the daughter, 7; sacrament of woman, 54, 155; the different kinds, 55, 69, 92, 511; what kind of woman or women the man must or may marry, 57, 65; age on marriage, 58, 278; when the girl may give herself away in marriage, 58, 63 (?); the girl given away more than once, 58; agreement of the married couple makes the real marriage, 59, cf. 90; must be sealed with love, 60, cf. 65, 90; the woman's inclination therein important, add. to 76, 381, 386, add. to 471; one owes the wife to strength (combat, contest, etc.), 77, 87; younger brother (sister) does not marry before the elder, 105; only cripples in matters of love marry, 120; the woman is given to the family, 170; girl married to a girl stated to be a man (Çikhaṇḍin), 387; what sort of girls to avoid, 58, 434 note. Cf. Child-marriage, Love, Marriage
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Mātula, 129 Meeting : magic, with dead loved ones, 415 Melā, 325 note Menstruation : its beginning with the girl (puberty), 29; superstition relating thereto, 37, 225; purifies the woman from magical and moral evils, 219, 227, 522, 523; sexual intercourse forbidden during menstruation, 225; the monthly flow the murder of a Brahman and extremely dangerous, 225, cf. 219; a woman then unclean and dangerous, 225; necessary for conception, 228; no menstruation in the beginning (first came through rāga), 228; clothing at this time, 444. Cf. Ritu Might is right, 39, 93, 448 Milk from the breast of the woman at the sight of the child, 211 (even with the woman who has not borne a child, K., i, 310, 13) Moon : why it wanes, 472; premarital owner of woman, 227, 312, add. to 391; as god of fruitfulness, 472 Moral law : the work of the weak, 93 Morality : dependent upon woman, 524 Moses in the bulrushes, 36 Mother : her right over the child equal to that of the father, 166; at the marriage of the child, particularly the daughter, 197, add. to 471; high position and estimation, 109, 199 (cf. iii, 313, 60), 204, 344; only a wallet, 201; reverence of the children for her, 208; her love for the children, 210, cf. 35; how heavy her burden, 344, cf. 210 Mother-right : in India, 129; the uncertainty of a child's paternity not its origin, 172; mother-right and Couvade, 397 Mountain-worship, 324 Music : at the festival, 82; young girls instructed therein, 470; its miraculous power, 479 note Myths, see Sagas
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Naked bathing and sleeping forbidden, 262; naked female escort of honour, 271; naked woman not to be looked at, 256 Nārada : is turned into an ape (falls in love and marries), 357 Navel : pregnancy through, 34 Nirākāra, 208 note 1 Niyacchati, 15 Niyoga, see Begetting by proxy, Levirate Nose : the beautiful nose of the woman, 433; the large nose of the man and erotic significance, 433 Nurse : the girl's, 15, 35, 72, 382; the woman's, 388
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Oath : formula for, 383, 515, 525, 527 Onanism, 256 Onions : forbidden, and intensifier of the love-force, 239, cf.
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127 (regarding the forbidding of beans see L. von Schroeder, *Wiener Zeitschr. f. d. Kunde des Morgenl.*, xv (1901), pp. 187 ff.) Origin : of the male seed, 359; of the fœtus, 360; of the organs of sense, 366; how curious the origin and growth of the fœtus is, 182 (cf. with the passage there translated iii, 209, 8 ff.)
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Pageants, and stands for them, 82, 469 Pāṇḍavas : obtain Draupadī at the Svayaṃvara, 80; reveal themselves as warriors, 87; marry Draupadī in order of seniority, 107; are non-Aryan intruders, 108; their polyandric marriage, 107; their origin, 162; each one characterized, 457 Pāṇḍu : preaches free love of women, 118; has sons begotten for him, 160; kills a penitent, who is copulating in the form of an antelope, 234; dies in the love-embrace, 235 Paraçurāma : kills his mother, 201; fights with Bhīshma, 385 Pare : = parasmin, 385 Parents-in-law and children-in-law, 403, and add. to 404 and 405 Pariah legend : Goethe’s, 202 Parivettar, see “Re-marrying” Paryāptam te manaḥ, 385 Phallolatry, see Liṅga-worship Picnics, 19, 211, 322 Pilgrimages (of woman), 346
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Pity : even for the wicked, 505; the woman’s, 504, cf. 436 Places for love, 322 Pollution : is to be atoned for, 256 Polyandry, 107 Polygamy, 471; magical division of one into fifty, in order to satisfy fifty wives, 477 Position of woman : among more primitive peoples, 172; among the Old Germans, 173, 256, 489, 522; privileges, 409; secret love of the girl taken into consideration, 381, add. to 76, to 471, 386; among Kshattriyas and Rājputs, 438, cf. Rājputs, Warrior; seclusion and veiling, 447, 526; share in affairs of state, 464; in war, 466, 479; in amusements and joyful events, 467, 532 note 2; at pageants and sacrificial festivals, 468; women taken along with one on a visit, 470; are energetic and urge one on, 436; may not be gambled away, 518, cf. 302 bottom; unhappy position of the woman suspected of an act of unfaithfulness, 524. Cf. Woman Potency : means of strengthening, 238; Çiva as Crœsus of potency, 240; testing the bridegroom as to his manly strength, 408; taken away by food from a harlot, 524 note 3 Power : over woman, 77; power of woman, 534 Prajñā, commonplace understanding, 462
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Pramāṇa : = veda, 119, see Nil. on i, 118, 15 (where likewise pramāṇadṛṣṭa dharma, cf. perhaps cāstradṛṣṭa) Pratipadyate na kimcid, 38 (“doing nothing,” e.g. v, 73, 20) Prāya, prāyopaveça, 303, cf. 387 Pregnancy : which has come about in a manner other than natural, 33, 37; by the sun’s rays, 37; from the fruit of a tree, 156; through water-spells, 373; too early, 372; pregnancy is a wonderful thing, 182 (cf. with the passage iii, 209, 8 ff.); a holy thing, 367; its duration, 371; extraordinarily long, 371; of the man, 372; is living together with death, 344, 391; demons which are dangerous at that time, 391; pregnant woman not to be visited, 246; has a high standing, 489. Cf. Begetting, Children, Navel, Unfruitfulness Presence of woman spurs man on, 534, cf. add. to 11; disarms the wrathful, 535 Promiscuity, *see* Hetærism Promise of marriage : secret, 381, cf. add. to 78 Propagation, *see* Begetting Prostitution : to earn a dowry, 123; to provide an income for the husband, 123, 129, 250, 487 (cf. Life); by whom introduced, 125, and add. to 126; as a profession, *see* Harlots; hospitable, 512; which women are free to all, 250 Puberty : of the girl, superstition concerning it, 37; its appearance a great joy, also : puberty poem, 30 Punarbhū, 174 Purusha : etymology, 460; behaviour of Purusha in the formation of the human being, 361 Pushpaphala, menstrual blood, 363
v2.c22.54
Questioning : not to question (Lohengrin), 47; of the Yaksha, 209
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Rain : necessary for the husbandman, 286, 451; the king makes rain, 286, 547; the priest, 547; the power of chastity (love—Ṛishyaçṛiṅga), 541, and add. to 547; rainy months bring many insects, 273 Rain of ashes over a place stained with sin, 316 Raivata(ka) : mountain, festival in its honour, 73, 324 Rajas : menstrual blood, passion, 362 Rājputs : position of the woman among them, 9, 250, 438, 463, 465 Rākshasa : wicked, to whom food is delivered daily, 21; appearance, 291; can change form at will, 292; when specially dangerous, 294; their women give birth immediately after conception, 295, 371; particular nature, add. to 391; woman is a Rākshasa, 545 Rāma : stretches the enormous bow and obtains Sītā, 88;
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pattern of filial love, 196; laments his lost beloved, 295, 426; his honour requires that only he shall free Sītā, 426; suspects her of unfaithfulness and makes her prove her innocence by ordeal by fire, 525; repudiates her for the second time and loses her for ever, 528; how little he values her, 530 Rāmāyaṇa : characterized, 2, 412; marks of original conditions, 528 Rape, 64, 316, 490, cf. 23 Rāvaṇa : desires to violate the maiden Vedavatī, 23 Reincarnation : for revenge, 24, 387. Cf. Begetting, Wind Rejuvenescence : of Cyavana, 358 Religion : from fear, 398 Religious means of grace of woman, 346, add. to 346, 402, 427 “Re-married woman” : explanation of the concept, 174; a term of abuse, 169 “Re-marrying,” 105 Re-marrying of the girl, 60, 408; of the woman, 168, 174, 407 Reṇukā : unfaithful to her husband and killed, 201; brings back his arrows and is tormented by the sun god, 354 Requital of the wicked is certain, 15, 17, 97 Resurrection-magic, 11 Revenge : consolation in grief, 454 Rice-gruel, 127, 326 Riding : of the woman, 267, 377 Riṣyaśṛṅga : his origin, 263; why so chaste, 260; love-adventure with Śāntā (or hetæra), he causes it to rain, 540 Ṛitu : of a girl in her father’s house a sin, 54, 58, 216; makes marriage an obligation, 54, 220; gives the right of cohabiting, 216, 220, cf. 39; only the husband shall then have access to the wife, 121; definition, 216; puts the married couple under obligation to cohabit, 216, 223, 245, 353; merit and benefit of the ṛitugamana, 218, 248; the man may at that time refuse no woman, 220; how wicked at that time the killing of the woman (ātreyī), 488 Romance, see Love; “romantic reserve,” 313; outside love-relationships, 437 Rouser of love, 223, 322, 328 Rūpa, mark, mark of sex, 389 Ruru and Pramadvarā, 288
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Sabhā, 306, 443 Sādhayati with prasthita, 34 Sagas : not always “survival documents,” 115, 130 Saint : appearance, 25, 166; hot-tempered, 41, 202, 229, 260, 347, 352, 400, 510; no pattern for life, 64, 114; cannot be stained, 64, 115; hideous, 542; and evil-smelling, 166, add. to 111; his curse usually harms the innocent, 233; intent on the erotic entertaining of the guest, 317. Cf. Durvāsas Saṃkalpa, (appetitive) idea, 338, 360
v2.c22.58
Saṃsāra, a particular incarnation, specially a low one, 247, 488 Samucchraya, 14, 363 Saṃvaraṇa and Tapaṭī, 278 Sandal: pounded by maidservants, 308; by the daughter-in-law for the mother-in-law, 405 add. Satyavatī: has a fish-like odour, 40 (since sprung from a fish), 224; manages a ferry, 40; as a girl gives birth to Vyāsa, 39; nevertheless remains a virgin, 40, cf. add. to 34; her glorious perfume, 40; Ṣāntanu’s love for her, 278; her share in the government, 465, cf. 165 Saugandhika, (a kind of) lotus-flower, 299 (cf. ii, 3, 31; 10, 7; iii, 43, 1; 65, 2; 168, 50; iv, 31, 14) Sāvitrī: pearl of Indian womanhood, 427, 340; her “self-choice,” 78, 89 Scholar: is only a parrot, 458 (cf. e.g. ii, 55, 1.2; iii, 35, 19; xii, 10, 1) Sea: drunk up or dried up by penitent, 232, 319; why salt, 349 Seed: who has it must have the “field,” 63, 408; “seed or field”? see Field; sent by bird-post, 223; seed-forming foods, 238; emission of semen at the sight of the beautiful woman, 261; how the seed forms, 359, 361; penance on involuntary emission of semen, 256 Self: one’s own self is all that matters, 92, 96, 510 (cf. Individualism); the son one’s self, see Son “Self-choice,” see Svayaṃvara Self-culture: consists in self-discipline, 93 (e.g. v, 69, 17) Sense-organs: what they owe their origin to, 366 Sensuality: powerful in Old India, 316 Sex of the child: determination of (on begetting and in the womb), 367 Shaṣṭhī, 392 Shell: signifies good fortune, 141; = vulva, 128 Sight: the divine, 30, 484 Sītā: in an earlier existence Vedavatī, 23; sprung from the furrow, 87, 530; married to Rāma, 88; her grief when she believes Rāma dead, 422; how she behaves when Rāma is banished, 423; as Rāvaṇa’s captive, 424; an ideal woman, 427; her beauty, 432; her harshness, 436; her compassionate nature, 505; suspected of unfaithfulness and purified in the ordeal by fire, 525; second repudiation and disappearance into the earth, 528 Slaying of woman penalized, 488 Slowness: where good, 208 (cf. 202) Smelling at the head, 183 Snake fairy, 51 Sodomy, 242 Son: how necessary, 7, 22, 58, 146; is one’s own self, 22, 151, 184, 203, 341, 452; the highest earthly happiness, 151, 183; the Veda, 203, cf. 150;
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that of an ascetic particularly gifted, 169, cf. 159 note 3, and 373; classes of sons, 174; grief for the dead son, 186; happy only is he who has no son, 190; *one son is no son*, 192, 194, cf. 195; the younger may not marry before the elder, 105
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Son of unmarried woman, 174. Cf. Girl
v2.c22.61
Soul: still in the dead body, 188; can return, 188; soul (puruṣa) in the origin of the human being (behaviour and agency), 361
v2.c22.62
Spirits: why forbidden to the Brahmans, 12, cf. 322; poured over the bride, 327; prohibited, 327. Cf. Drinking
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Spiritualistic seance, 415
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Spring as a rouser of love, 223, 328
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Strīdhana, *see* Woman’s property
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Sudarçana: hospitable towards the pastor (or: the guest), 512
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Suicide: wicked and sinister, 394
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Sukanyā: married to the angry Cyavana, 358, 510
v2.c22.69
Sulabhā, 483, 490, 506
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Sulking of the woman, 494
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Sun: makes woman pregnant, 37; witness to human conduct, 97, 297
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Sun god: description, 30; begets Karṇa, 31; marries his daughter to Samvaraṇa, 278; pacifies Jamadagni and brings into vogue sunshade and sandals, 354; magic cooking-pot and jewel of the sun god, 400 (The sun itself is called later, e.g. in the Daçakumāracar., “the jewel of the air.”)
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Sunda and Upasunda, 539
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Sunshade and shoes: how they came into use, 278
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Supernatural lapse of time in Fairyland, 132 and add., 418, cf. 401
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Surā, *see* Spirits
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Surata: public, 124; the highest thing, 133; taking on one’s own form during the surata, 137; the man seeks pleasure therein, the woman the child, 205; should only be practised in the ṛtu (for the begetting of children), 218; not before maturity is reached, 219, 257; *must* be practised when the wife is in ṛtu, 220; necessary for the woman, 229; caprices and skill of the woman in the surata, 229; delight of the woman therein, 233; how wicked to interrupt it, 233, cf. 114; death during the surata, 233, cf. 102, 161, 163; immoderate liking for it, 237, 416; finesse in it, 237; as a means of cure, 238; unclean, 240, cf. 230; not in the golden age, 241; in the mouth (āsyamaithuna), 242; homosexual, 242; exchanging of clothes of the sexes with the surata, 243; not with çrāddha, 243; other times, places, things, forbidden for it, 243; only allowed with one’s own wife, 245, 304, 333; not with the pregnant woman, 246; eightfold, 251; not
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with a woman of a higher caste, 253; nor yet with one of a lower, 254; as pious alms, 257, cf. 221 note 3, 517; which women to avoid, 333; woman has the greater pleasure therein, 379, cf. 229; with dead persons, 417; magical ability to perform the cohabitation with many women at the same time, 477; how one should prepare for proceeding to the surata, 244 Sūta: his high position, 81; the king’s intimate friend, 195; bardic poetry, 438 Sva: = ātman, 366 Svairiṇī: definition, 164 Svayaṃvara: examples, 69, 78, 381, 535; is a matter for the nobles, 73, 78, 85; a brilliant festival, 80; a sacred matter, 83; a disgrace for the girl, 383
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Tādṛiça, just so, excellent, 28 Taijasa guṇa, 359 Tapas: what all tapas is, 151, 351; tapas of the woman, 345, 402 (cf. Religious means of grace) Tathābhūta, tathaiva, tathāvidha, “right, excellent,” 28, 117 Teacher and teacher’s wife, see Guru Tears (and mourning): for the dead, foolish, 186; baneful, 420 (cf. Fr. S. Krauss, *Slav. Volksforsch.*, p. 113); tears of a woman become lotus-flowers, 110, 536; become fire, 233, 535; become a river, 535; tears the resource of woman, 494, 535 Teeth: widely-separated, 434 Tejas, 359 Thief and harlot, 273 Thigh: the sweetheart on the left, 48, 303; child and daughter-in-law on the right, 48, 404; birth from thigh, 371, 374 Time, see Supernatural lapse Tinduka-wood: brand of, 459 Tobias nights, 312 Traducianists, 184 Transformation into other shapes, see Indra, Magic Travel and pilgrimage of the woman penalized, 346, 471 Travelling- and draught-animals, 267 Trees: girls grow on them, 116; human beings from trees, 156; tree and sexual life, 158 (cf. Children); tree gives husband, 220; abode of spirits and sinister, 243, 391, 403; fruit of tree acts as intermediary for children, 156 Trikakud: ointment from this mountain, 128 Truth: is the most excellent thing, 78, 491 (Çibi and Hariçcandra)
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Ulūpī: a snake-fairy, captivates Arjuna, 51 Unchastity: who thereby guilty, the man or the woman, 205; exact definition, 250; as a pleasant game, 313. Cf. Adultery, Chastity Unfruitfulness: means against, 156, 159, 182, 373. Cf. Begetting, Children Upacāra, erotic service, 49, 132 Urvaçī : goes to Arjuna on a love-visit and curses him, 335
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Vadhū, daughter-in-law, 342 Varuṇa : as abductor of women, 318 Vasati, to obtain, 104 Vasisṭha : his wonder-cow, 47; begets sons for others, 160 add., 161, 167, 371; house-priest of Kalmāṣapāda, 160 add.; of Saṃvaraṇa, 284; wants to commit suicide, 191, cf. 233 note 2; tormented with jealousy by Arundhatī, 474 add. Vātāpi : magically changed into a he-goat and eaten, 231, 349 Vāyubhagnāṅga, 481 Viçeṣaka, “ cheek-mark,” 433 Viçvāmitra : seduced by Menakā, 92, 260 Vidulā, 458 Vikrīḍate, represent (by playing), 300 Violation of a virgin, see Defloration Violent death : confers a divine or dangerous nature, 393 Vipula : protects his teacher’s wife from adultery, 480 Virginity : uninjured in spite of motherhood, or restored, 34; regarded very highly, 31, 40, add. to 78, 117, 118, 120, 382; punishment of accuser, if, though innocent, a girl is accused of its loss, 44; despised, 121, 177 Vyāsa : as proxy in begetting, 162, 165; unites in a magical way dead loved ones with those remaining behind, 415 Vyasanitā, 207 Vyuṣṭāṃ çarvarim, “ when the night had grown light,” 307 note
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“Wandering Jew,” see Ahasuerus Warrior (Kshattriya) : does not ask, only takes for himself, 13, 68, 302; may not marry a Brahman woman, 20, 103; exhibits veneration towards the Brahmans, 20, 25, 231, 279 (cf. Brahman); may not accept presents, 68; battle his duty, 71, 451; owes his origin to the Brahman, 160; must give, 221; goes to heaven on death from a weapon, 310, 414; ideal of life, 320, 456; the Epic their poetry, 438; position of woman with them, 208, 438, 518; must punish the wicked, 452 Water : in magic and curse, 30; shaken over the hand in giving presents, 62, 141 (cf. e.g. iii, 193, 36; K., iv, 78, 37); magically dangerous, 243, 262 (cf. i, 170, 11-17), 391; “watering of the mouth,” 291; water of the sea, see Sea Waving of the clothes as a sign of applause, 85, 467 Weapon : death by a weapon leads to heaven, 310; oaths on a weapon by Kshattriyas and Rājputs, 383 note Wedding: expensive, 8, 145; ceremony, 139; presents, 143, 508
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Widow : kills the fruit of her womb, 372; her unhappy lot, 406, 416; pension for widows, 406; as heiress, 406, cf. 10; her re-marriage, 407; must live chaste, 409; becomes a penitent, 415. Cf. Brother-in-law, "Re-marrying" Widow-burning, 24, 236, 377, 411 Wife : is the field, 172, 341; description and worth of the good wife, 185, 340, 427, 536; in her all the aims or good things of life, 215, 340; cannot own anything, 221, 346, 449, 520 (cf. Woman's property); her heavy task, 344, 352; the virtuous one surpasses the saint, 347; can work miracles, 350; is rewarded in heaven, 350; rebukes the husband, 356; Sītā as a model wife, 422; Draupadī, 536; one preferred by the polygamist, 472; her loss of standing to a new rival, 476; how the wife must be treated, 486; handed over, 512, 517 note 3; how defenceless, if accused of unfaithfulness, 524; easily procured, 530, cf. 523; too great a love for her calling for censure, 531; is an object of the senses, 531; only performing pious acts with a wife from the same caste, 66 Wind : witness to what goes on, 97, 297, 515, 525; assistant in love, blows away the clothes of the temptress, 261; why cool, 300; drives the seed up to the womb, 363; leads the soul to a new incarnation, 363; drives the fœtus out, 367; wind of the outer world takes away the supernatural knowledge of the newborn child, 367 Wind god : desires the hundred daughters of Kuçanābha, 89; begets Bhīma, 164 Wishing-pot, 400 Woman : Indian views of her are contradictory, 3; are profoundly moral, 4, 136; woman a dwelling of happiness, 11, 227, 403; takes first step in love-affairs, 13, 45, 380, 437 (cf. Girl); the married woman must not live with kinsfolk, 95; woman is untrue, 131; is hell, 53; exceedingly sensual, 133, 375, 497; always dependent, 134, 346, 446; is what man makes her, 136, 205; exists for bearing children, 146, 155, 217, 230, 359; woman's aim in life, 134, 146, 155, 213 note, 214, 327, 351, 359; woman for the priest, etc., 173; wants the child, 205; does not sin, but only the man, 205; magically dangerous, 219; cannot possess, 221, 346, 449, 520 (cf., however, 65, 413, and under Woman's property); never unclean, 227; a great sin to live on her, see Life; her worst offences, 253, 372; how severely punished if she has dealings with a man of a lower caste, 253; may be
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