Chandragupta Maurya and His Times c15.192

c15.192

As regards the distinction between the primitive, rural, and the refined urban art, we have some evidence in the grammar of Pāṇini (*c.* 500 B.C.). Pāṇini [V. 4, 95] makes a distinction between the *Grāmaśilpī* and the *Rājaśilpī*. The former represented the artists in the employ of the village community, while the latter refers to the court-artists catering for the cultured classes and the aristocracy. It may also be noted that all these statues are marked in common by an ornament like the necklace or the torque for which Pāṇini has the significant formation *Graiveyaka* [IV, 2, 96].