The Positive Background of Hindu Sociology c12.s2.4

c12.s2.4

The positivism of the Jainas is embodied in the doctrine of four gifts (*āhārābhayabhaiṣajyasāstrādāna*).⁶ In the remaking of personality the Jaina social philosophy’s contribution consists in emphasizing the supreme need of service to others. The first service is the gift of food (*āhāra*), the second that of *abhaya* i.e. courage (non-fear or protection), the third that of *bhaiṣajya* (medicine), and the fourth that of *śāstra* (learning).